三套管式相变蓄热器分形肋片设计及(火积)耗散分析

通过数值模拟的方法,根据分形原理设计了三套管式相变蓄热器的肋片并分析其蓄、放热特性,运用(火积)耗散原理对其蓄、放热过程进行分析。结果表明:相比其他结构的相变蓄热器,安装分形肋片的相变蓄热器可使蓄、放热时间缩短,效率提高;模型2(T形分形模型)和模型3(Y形分形模型)比模型1(直肋模型)的蓄热时间分别缩短了35.64%和33%,放热时间分别缩短了47.65%和43.4%;模型2和模型3相比模型5(2倍填充直肋模型)所需蓄、放热时间基本接近,说明分形设计只需较低的金属填充量便可达到很好的蓄、放热效果;安装分形肋片的相变蓄热器在蓄、放热过程中(火积)耗散率(或其绝对值)下降更快,可逆性更好,换热效率更高。     

基于■理论的多级套管式相变蓄热系统优化

基于最小■耗散热阻原理,在考虑相变材料导热热阻以及非稳态传热过程的基础上,对多级套管式相变蓄热系统的融化温度进行了数值优化,获得了最优融化温度分布。在此基础上,研究了相变材料导热系数和传热管长度对最优融化温度、■耗散热阻和平均蓄热速率的影响。研究结果表明:与现有理论优化方法相比,提出的数值优化方法具有更好的适用性;优化后多级套管式相变蓄热系统可有效提高相变蓄热系统的平均蓄热速率,降低■耗散热阻;随着相变材料导热系数增大和传热管长度增加,多级套管式相变蓄热系统最优融化温度的温差愈加明显,其强化传热性能呈上升趋势。     

高温相变蓄热的研究进展

从如下两个方面总结了高温相变蓄热的研究现状：①在高温相变材料(PCM)方面,重点介绍了高温相变材料的一些重要性能及其测量,高温相变材料的封装,高温复合相变材料及高温相变材料的应用;②在传热分析方面,主要介绍了相变过程的数值模拟和相变蓄热系统(LTES)的热力学优化。     

组合式相变材料蓄热系统中相变温度分布研究

建立了组合式相变材料蓄热系统物理模型，在忽略显热的假设条件下研究了相变温度呈线性分布的组合式相变材料蓄热系统传热特性，得出了最优线性相变温度分布，并采用考虑显热的数值计算（有限差分法）证实了理论分析得出的最优相变温度与实际相变温度分布几乎相同。     

水平及竖直放置套管式相变蓄热单元传热特性的数值模拟

以赤藻糖醇为相变材料,采用Fluent软件对同心套管式相变蓄热单元的熔化和凝固过程进行了三维非稳态数值研究.在考虑自然对流的前提下,对比了水平入射式、顶部入射式及底部入射式相变蓄热单元的传热特性,得到了固液界面分布图和温度云图随时间的变化特性,对比了各自的蓄放热速率.研究表明:自然对流在熔化过程中起主要作用,而在凝固过...     

火电厂换热器火积耗散分析

基于描述热量传递能力的物理量——火积,定义了评价换热器传热性能的火积耗散原理.同时,推出了换热器火积耗散的公式,并且通过代人数据计算,得出了火电厂各级加热器的火积耗散,并进行分析,对优化换热器的性能有一定的指导作用.     

基于多相变材料的分腔式蓄热器蓄热性能优化

通过数值方法建立基于多相变材料的分腔式蓄热器模型,研究4种模型的的蓄热特性,并通过温差分析选择RT25和LA这2种不同熔点的PCM组合,提出不同填充形式的组合方案.数值模拟结果表明:当采用上下分腔结构时,下部腔室低熔点相变材料的选择,应根据单一相变材料完全融化时,上下腔室的温度差来作选择;此外,所采用的单独多相变材料组...     

基于火积理论的螺旋折流板换热器的优化结构分析

为了比较平面螺旋折流板换热器和折面螺旋折流板换热器的传热和阻力性能,应用了换热器常用评价标准PEC准则和火积理论对两种换热器实验结果进行了分析,同时采用火积耗散极值原理对两种换热器的传热火积耗散率、阻力火积耗散率以及总火积耗散率进行了对比。结果表明:火积耗散理论分析换热器性能的结果与传统换热器评价标准PEC准则相符,说明了火积耗散理论的可靠性;折面螺旋折流板换热器的综合性能得到了有效的改进,火积耗散率也均优于原始结构,表明折面螺旋折流板换热器的性能得到较大改善;两种换热器传热火积耗散率值要远远大于阻力火积耗散率,约为阻力火积耗散率的一千余倍,说明传热损失为换热器的主要不可逆损失。     

太阳能蓄热墙相变蓄热材料的研究进展

综述了国内外关于太阳能蓄热墙相变材料的研究进展.其中包括太阳能相变材料的分类,物理、化学性质等.目前对于一些相变材料缺陷的改进方法,及相变材料在墙体中的应用.     

圆柱形等距螺旋盘管式相变蓄热装置蓄热性能研究

文章设计了一种以石蜡为相变材料的圆柱形等距螺旋盘管式相变蓄热装置,并通过实验分析了该装置的传热特性,以及传热流体入口温度、入口流量对石蜡的融化特性、相变蓄热装置的蓄热量及相变蓄热系统总传热系数的影响。分析结果表明:融化后期,石蜡的融化速率会明显加快;当传热流体入口温度一定时,随着入口流量逐渐增大,蓄热装置的最终显热蓄热量略微升高;与传热流体入口流量相比,传热流体入口温度对石蜡融化速率影响较大;相变阶段,石蜡的传热性能较强,传热流体入口温度越高,石蜡的传热性能越不稳定。     

Experimental study on the thermal storage performance and preparation of paraffin mixtures used in the phase change wall

In this paper, several admixtures including n-heptadecane, n-octadecane, n-eicosane, 46^# paraffin, 48^# paraffin and liquid paraffin are prepared with different mixed proportion, aiming for appropriate phase change materials used in the building envelope. The phase change temperatures and phase change latent heats of several kinds of paraffin mixtures were studied experimentally by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The experimental results showed that the phase change temperatures and latent heats of paraffin mixtures change with their composition. Paraffin mixtures in different mass proportions have a wider phase change temperature range and higher phase change latent heat. So the paraffin mixtures can be used in the different thermal storage fields by adjusting the mixed proportion. Several paraffin mixtures with appropriate phase change temperatures and higher phase change latent heats were given, and they can be used in the building wall to storage thermal. The results in this paper can provide references and basis for the application of phase change material in the wall.     

Second law analysis of a diesel engine waste heat recovery with a combined sensible and latent heat storage system

The exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine carries away about 30% of the heat of combustion. The energy available in the exit stream of many energy conversion devices goes as waste. The major technical constraint that prevents successful implementation of waste heat recovery is due to intermittent and time mismatched demand for and availability of energy. The present work deals with the use of exergy as an efficient tool to measure the quantity and quality of energy extracted from a diesel engine and stored in a combined sensible and latent heat storage system. This analysis is utilized to identify the sources of losses in useful energy within the components of the system considered, and provides a more realistic and meaningful assessment than the conventional energy analysis. The energy and exergy balance for the overall system is quantified and illustrated using energy and exergy flow diagrams. In order to study the discharge process in a thermal storage system, an illustrative example with two different cases is considered and analyzed, to quantify the destruction of exergy associated with the discharging process. The need for promoting exergy analysis through policy decision in the context of energy and environment crisis is also emphasized.     

The heat storage potential of ethylenediammonium ditetramethoxyborate

The heat storage potential of ethylenediammonium ditetramethoxyborate, a white crystalline compound with a melting point of 82°C and a density of 0.86 g/cm³, has been examined. Experimental data give a value of 344 J/g for the heat of transition from solid to liquid. The potential of this compound as a heat storage material is discussed.     

Experimental analysis of hydrogen storage performance of a LaNi5–H2 reactor with phase change materials

Energy storage, especially thermal energy storage, has an important place in terms of efficient use of energy. Systems in which phase change materials (PCMs) are used are among the thermal energy storage (TES) options, thanks to their advantages such as energy storage at almost constant temperature. The use of PCM as a TES material in the metal hydride (MH) reactor is an influential method to store the heat released by the exothermic reaction occurring in the hydrogen charging process and to recover this heat with the endothermic reaction occurring in the hydrogen discharge process. In the present study, hydrogen charge and discharge processes in a LaNi₅–H₂ reactor were experimentally investigated and compared with and without PCM. Therefore, a hybrid system was designed by integrating PCM around the cylindrical MH reactor filled with LaNi₅ alloy. The hydration process was carried out at both constant pressure and variable pressure. The temperature changes on the reactor surface and inside the PCM were measured over time. In experiments to determine the change in the amount of hydrogen stored in MH reactors over time, it was determined that the hydrogen storage pressure and reactor design significantly affect the hydrogen charge-discharge rate. Considering the use of MH reactors in transportation vehicles such as automobiles and submarines, designing a hybrid MH-PCM storage system is promising for the development of hydrogen storage technologies and transportation technologies.     

The thermal storage performance of monobasic, binary and triatomic polyalcohols systems

Energy storage of phase change materials used in the building envelopes such as the wall or the floor is more and more valuable. Polyalcohols solid–solid phase change materials have become important because of its advantages. In this paper, the phase change temperatures and phase change heats of monobasic, binary and triatomic systems consisting of neopentylglycol, pentaerythritol and trihytdroxy methyl-aminomethane with different component were studied experimentally by differential scaning calorimeter (DSC). Feasibility of materials used in the building envelope was analyzed. The research is to find suitable polyalcohols mixtures with different composition used in the building envelope. Results can provide the basis for the application of solid–solid phase change materials in the building fields.     

Measurements of transmittance of solar radiation through stearic acid: a latent heat storage material

This paper presents the experimental measurements of the transmittivity of commercial grade stearic acid. The effects of temperature and thickness on transmittance have been studied. The study indicates that the effect of temperature on the transmittance of stearic acid in the liquid phase is not significant. However, it is highly dependent on temperature during the solidification process. Because of its low thermal conductivity and high transmittivity, it can be used as a transparent insulating material.