高黏度聚乳酸(PLA)熔体微分离心静电纺丝

离心纺丝已成为制备超细纤维的有效途径,将离心纺丝和静电纺丝结合起来的离心静电纺丝,纺丝效率高、纤维细度低。但是目前离心静电纺丝相关的研究十分有限,且主要涉及溶液离心静电纺丝。为了解决这一问题,本文设计了一种基于熔体微分的熔体离心静电纺丝装置,选取聚乳酸（PLA）作为研究对象,探究了挤出机转速和流量的关系,得出挤出机转速在20r/min、流量为1.6089g/min时纺丝效果最佳。研究了离心盘转速、纺丝电压等因素对纤维的影响,得出增加离心盘转速可大幅细化纤维直径,离心盘转速提高1倍,纤维直径减小77.26%;纺丝电压的加入不仅可以细化纤维直径,而且可以提高纤维的结晶度。结果表明：熔体微分离心静电纺丝可以高效制备PLA超细纤维,并且通过改变实验参数可以控制纤维特征,为离心静电纺丝产业化提供实验依据。     

酚醛基碳纤维制备方法研究进展

对近年来酚醛基碳纤维的熔融纺丝、湿法纺丝、静电纺丝和离心纺丝等制备方法的研究现状进行归纳总结并分析了各自的优缺点。指出未来在开发高性能、功能化的酚醛基碳纤维及酚醛基碳纤维增强复合材料的研究过程中,应从原丝结构、工艺过程和产品种类三个方面进行开展。     

酚醛基碳纤维制备方法研究进展

对近年来酚醛基碳纤维的熔融纺丝、湿法纺丝、静电纺丝和离心纺丝等制备方法的研究现状进行归纳总结并分析了各自的优缺点。指出未来在开发高性能、功能化的酚醛基碳纤维及酚醛基碳纤维增强复合材料的研究过程中,应从原丝结构、工艺过程和产品种类三个方面进行开展。     

聚合物离心纺丝模式的研究现状

阐述了离心纺丝的基本原理,介绍了溶液、熔体离心纺丝及其扩展方法,如离心静电纺丝及气流辅助离心纺丝等不同离心纺丝模式的发展现状,分析了不同工艺参数对纤维特征参数的影响,对离心纺丝的发展具有一定借鉴意义。     

离心静电纺丝法制备聚醚酮酮纳米纤维

用离心静电纺丝方法,将国产化的高性能工程塑料聚醚酮酮(PEKK)制备成PEKK纳米纤维。对PEKK离心静电纺丝的可纺性、纺丝规律以及最终纤维的性能进行了研究。结果显示,离心静电纺丝能很好解决溶液浓度高、溶剂挥发困难的问题,PEKK的离心静电纺丝可纺性很好,溶液浓度的控制对于纤维形貌和直径影响明显,纺丝纤维的热性能比原材料有所降低。该研究为PEKK纳米纤维的制备开辟了新方向。     

激光熔体静电纺丝研究进展

简述了静电纺丝法的发展历程及研究概况,比较了溶液静电纺丝法和熔体静电纺丝法的优缺点;详细介绍了激光熔体静电纺丝法的优势,总结了目前激光熔体静电纺丝法制备聚合物及复合物微纳米纤维的工艺条件如激光输出功率、应用电压以及聚合物的物理性质等对纤维直径的影响;简要介绍了线激光熔体静电纺丝装置;指出目前激光熔体静电纺丝法制得的多为...     

无针熔体静电纺丝的研究进展

无针熔体静电纺丝由于其不使用溶剂,并且有很高的纺丝效率,是目前纳米纤维绿色批量化制备的一种有效的工艺路线。介绍了无针熔体静电纺丝基本原理、工艺特点及研究的重难点,概述了国内外关于无针熔体静电纺丝的装置及工艺研究,并介绍了笔者团队的熔体微分静电纺丝技术,最后提出了几点对未来无针熔体静电纺丝研究重点的看法。以期增进对无针熔体静电纺丝在超细纤维绿色批量化制造的认识,并在此基础上有装置、工艺或理论上的新认识。     

静电纺丝装置的关键部件研究进展

随着轻工业的快速发展,我国的静电纺丝技术取得了较大的进步。静电纺丝装置是获取纳米纤维最简单也是最经济的方法之一,但是产量低限制了静电纺纳米纤维产业化生产及应用的最大的技术瓶颈。静电纺丝装置主要由注射泵、高压电源、喷头和收集器组成,而喷头是静电纺丝装置的关键部件,因此研究喷头的技术发展对静电纺丝装置起到非常重要的作用。本文主要介绍了静电纺丝装置关键部件喷头的技术发展进程与面临的问题及静电纺丝应用领域,并对静电纺丝装置的发展前景进行展望。     

交流电静电纺丝技术的研究进展

简述了交流电静电纺丝技术的工作原理,对其设备及工艺参数进行了分析总结,阐述了交流电静电纺丝技术与常规直流电静电纺丝技术的差异,总结了交流电静电纺丝技术的应用领域,提出现有研究的不足以及对未来研究方向的展望。     

明胶静电纺丝的研究进展

作为天然高分子之一的明胶无毒无味,具有优异的生物相容性及生物可降解性。利用静电纺丝技术制备的明胶纳米纤维膜材料能最大程度地仿生天然细胞外基质的胶原蛋白结构,因此在生物医用材料领域具有广泛的应用,引起了国内外学者的普遍关注。本文介绍了明胶静电纺丝装置、工艺的研究进展,同时总结了明胶静电纺丝纳米纤维膜材料在生物医疗领域内的应用研究情况,并展望了明胶静电纺丝工艺与明胶纳米纤维膜材料的发展趋势和研究方向。     

Water-born 3D nanofiber mats using cost-effective centrifugal spinning: comparison with electrospinning process: A complex study

A comparison of the electrostatic and centrifugal spinning of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) is shown in terms of the resulting fiber morphology and the process conditions. Specific parameters of centrifugal spinning, such rotational speed of spinneret and the relative humidity, were extensively investigated in details. Morphologies and diameters of resulting fiber mats were investigated by a scanning electron microscopy and compared between the two spinning techniques. The results revealed that formation of fibers is mainly affected by the initial polymer concentrations (and resulting viscosities) of polymeric solutions, which is in line with previous reports. However, the key novel finding of this work is that increasing relative humidity during centrifugal spinning process leads to greatly reduced fiber diameters to the levels typical for electrospinning. The obtained comparison is discussed and clearly shows technological advantages of the centrifugal spinning over electrospinning, enabling quantitative production of fibers with same or similar diameters.     

静电纺丝法制备空气过滤膜及应用

详细阐述了静电纺丝技术以及静电纺空气过滤膜材料的性能。提出了静电纺制备空气过滤材料存在的工艺问题及改进方法。综述了静电纺制备纳米纤维过滤材料及其复合改性研究进展。最后总结了静电纺空气过滤材料的应用。     

超声波清洗湿纺用喷丝头

简述了喷丝头的作用及特点,在分析了喷丝头的清洗效果对纺丝工艺影响的基础上,重点对超声波清洗机的构成、清洗机理及影响清洗效果的因素等进行了分析探讨,最后总结了超声波清洗喷丝头的优势及应用前景。     

压力过滤机在PTA装置中的应用

笔者结合旋转转鼓式压力过滤机结构和特点,介绍了精制单元压力过滤机二步法改造工艺,并对该分离技术在PTA装置上应用的实际效果和遇到的问题进行了分析和总结,同传统的离心分离工艺相比,压力过滤工艺具有设备简单、运行费用低,设备购置及检修费用便宜,能耗、物耗少等优点,是分离工艺技术的很大改进。     

A Review on Current Nanofiber Technologies: Electrospinning,Centrifugal Spinning,and Electro-Centrifugal Spinning

Nanofiber-based products are widely used in the fields of public health, air/water filtration, energy storage, etc. The demand for nonwoven products is rapidly increasing especially after COVID-19 pandemic. Electrospinning is the most popular technology to produce nanofiber-based products from various kinds of materials in bench and commercial scales. While centrifugal spinning and electro-centrifugal spinning are considered to be the other two well-known technologies to fabricate nanofibers. However, their developments are restricted mainly due to the unnormalized spinning devices and spinning principles. High solution concentration and high production efficiency are the two main strengths of centrifugal spinning, but beaded fibers can be formed easily due to air perturbation or device vibration. Electro-centrifugal spinning is formed by introducing a high voltage electrostatic field into the centrifugal spinning system, which suppresses the formation of beaded fibers and results in producing elegant nanofibers. It is believed that electrospinning can be replaced by electro-centrifugal spinning in some specific application areas. This article gives an overview on the existing devices and the crucial processing parameters of these nanofiber technologies, also constructive suggestions are proposed to facilitate the development of centrifugal and electro-centrifugal spinning.     

静电纺特殊结构纳米纤维的研究现状

纳米级纤维具有优良的机械性能和高比表面积等特性.以静电纺特殊结构纳米纤维为研究对象,根据其表观形态分别介绍了一维特殊结构纳米纤维、二维特殊结构纳米纤维膜、三维结构纳米纤维气凝胶等,并阐述了各种结构的形成机理.总结了近年来国内外采用静电纺丝技术制备特殊结构纳米纤维的调控方法,如改变溶液性质(溶液浓度、黏度、表面张力、电导...     

新型功能高分子材料——聚酮

简述了聚酮的发展过程及现状，分析了聚酮共聚反应的特点，综述了聚酮的改性与应用情况。     

Stability and spinnability of modified melamine–formaldehyde resin solution for centrifugal spinning

Melamine microfibers were first prepared by centrifugal spinning. The stability and spinnability of a melamine–formaldehyde (MF) resin solution were improved as expected by adding various modifier combinations. Considering the storage stability of solutions characterized by visual inspection, turbidity tests, and viscosity measurements and combined with the fiber morphology, the optimal modifier combination was obtained. The spun fibers manifested a good morphology and thermal stability as measured by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Moreover, microfibers prepared by three spinning methods (centrifugal spinning, electrospinning, and centrifugal electrostatic spinning) were compared to choose the suitable spinning method for different fields in the future. This work provides systematic and scientific guidance on the synthesis of MF resin solutions and rapid mass production of melamine microfibers and also demonstrates that centrifugal spinning of melamine microfiber is a promising candidate for flame retardance and CO₂ adsorption at elevated temperature. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46072.     

涡流纺纱技术的发展及应用

介绍涡流纺的发展概况,以及涡流纺纱的原理、纱线结构和性能、织物用途,并探讨了涡流纺纱技术特点,指出了涡流纺生产过程中存在的问题。     

Fabrication of highly ordered multilayer thin films and its applications

A new method is introduced to build up organic/organic multilayer films composed of cationic poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and negatively charged poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) by using the spinning process. The adsorption process is governed by both the viscous force induced by fast solvent elimination and the electrostatic interaction between oppositely charged species. On the other hand, the centrifugal and air shear forces applied by the spinning process significantly enhance the desorption of weakly bound polyelectrolyte chains and also induce the planarization of the adsorbed polyelectrolyte layer. The film thickness per bilayer adsorbed by the conventional dipping process and the spinning process was found to be about 4 å and 24 å, respectively. The surface of the multilayer films prepared with the spinning process is quite homogeneous and smooth. Electroluminescence (EL) devices composed of alternating poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) and polyanions films show higher quantum efficiency when prepared by the spin self-assembly (SA) method.