基于离散单元法一字排列三螺杆挤出机固体输送段输送机理分析

利用离散单元法对计量加料下一字排列三螺杆挤出机固体输送段进行模拟。分析了聚合物颗粒在一字排列三螺杆挤出机正位移输送和摩擦拖曳输送2种输送机理下的输送情况,计算出一字排列三螺杆挤出机的输送特性参数,并与双螺杆挤出机进行对比分析。结果表明,由于三螺杆挤出机啮合区的增加,提高了颗粒在挤出机螺槽内的填充率。一字排列三螺杆挤出机在填充程度、质量流速率等方面均优于双螺杆挤出机,并且输送产量大约为双螺杆挤出机的1.3倍,在聚合物加工行业具有较好的工程应用前景。     

双锥型螺杆挤出机固体输送离散元分析

利用EDEM软件对一种普通锥形和两种双锥型螺杆挤出机固体输送段进行模拟.分析了高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)颗粒在锥形双螺杆挤出机内的运动状态和分布规律.对比分析了3种锥形螺杆挤出的质量流速率、填充率、平均速度、平均压力、平均剪切应力和力矩等参数,给出了普通型和双锥型螺杆挤出机固体输送机理以及主要影响因素.结果表明,相比于...     

新型螺杆挤出机固体输送理论的研究

介绍了一种嵌套式新型螺杆挤出机。在固体输送段对内螺杆的两种等效情况下固体塞的运动和受力作了深入分析。理论上证明了这两种情况下的固体输送机理与外螺杆的情况相同,均建立在固体摩擦输送机理基础之上;讨论了牵引角、摩擦因数和螺纹升角对上述三种情况固体输送流率的影响。结果表明,螺杆旋转机筒静止和螺杆静止机筒旋转两种情况下固体输送流率相差不大,而螺杆机筒同时旋转情况下的固体输送流率远大于其他两种情况。增大牵引角、降低螺杆表面粗糙度和提高机筒内表面的摩擦因数均有助于提高固体输送流率。螺杆旋转机筒静止和螺杆静止机筒旋转这两种情况下最佳螺旋角均为17°左右,而螺杆机筒同时旋转情况下最佳螺旋角为15°左右。     

基于离散元法双螺杆挤出机磨损特性分析

双螺杆挤出机在生产过程中经常会出现螺杆磨损等问题，严重影响了螺杆的使用寿命和聚合物加工的品质。本文采用离散单元法（DEM），结合Archard磨损模型，对同向啮合双螺杆挤出机螺杆磨损进行数值模拟，分析螺杆转速和填充率等因素对双螺杆挤出机磨损特性的影响规律。结果表明，螺杆磨损主要发生在螺棱的顶部区域以及进料口处，在物料进入机筒入口处会发生严重的挤压磨损；随着螺杆转速和填充率的增加，螺杆的磨损程度不断增大；料槽后方输送段的螺杆主要产生横向切削磨损，切向累积能量是导致磨损的关键因素。     

新型螺杆挤出机熔体输送理论的研究

介绍了一种新型嵌套式螺杆挤出机。对熔体输送段进行了深入分析，把内螺杆的运动等效为螺杆轴的反向拖曳和螺棱的正向推力置换两部分作用，建立了对应的物理模型和数学模型，并得到了解析解。重点讨论了沿螺槽方向的流动和横向流动，并与普通单螺杆挤出机作对比，得到了螺杆和机筒同时旋转情况下的体积流率。结果表明，所建模型的解析解和文献中的实验数据较为吻合，当螺杆和机筒同时旋转时，熔体输送段的体积流率大大增加，横向流动和平行平板模型类似。     

沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机固体输送产量的粒径模型研究

在分析机筒衬套沟槽槽深、螺杆螺槽槽深和加工物料粒径关系的基础上,建立了沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机3种常见的固体输送段产量粒径模型,该模型可用于研究机筒衬套沟槽槽深、螺杆螺槽槽深和颗粒物料粒径对固体输送机理的影响并定量计算沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机固体输送段产量。此外,通过不同的机筒和螺杆组合及不同粒径的原料在自制的在线模拟试验机上对该模型进行了验证和试验分析。     

非啮合异向旋转双螺杆挤出过程可视化研究（Ⅰ）──固体输送模型化

文章介绍了作者借助于机筒顶部装了若干玻璃视窗的非啮合异向旋转双螺杆挤出机得出的可视化研究结果，包括挤出过程的可视化现象以及固体输送的模型化。     

非啮合异向旋转双螺杆挤出过程可视化研究（1）：固体输送模型化

文章介绍了作者借助于机筒顶部装子若干玻璃视窗的非啮合异向旋转双螺杆挤出机得出的可视化研究结果，包括挤出过程的可视化现象以及固体输送的模型化。     

三螺杆挤出机熔体输送能力的评价

通过三螺杆挤出机模拟机对熔体替代料进行挤出实验,对三角形排列三螺杆挤出机、“一字型”排列三螺杆挤出机及双螺杆挤出机的熔体输送能力进行了系统评价。利用无量纲参数评价体系与传统评价方法,通过控制挤出过程螺杆转速和产量,对三类挤出机的熔体输送段建压能力及挤出能耗水平进行研究,并研究工艺参数对熔体输送能力的影响。实验表明,三角形排列三螺杆挤出机熔体输送能力及能耗水平优于其他类型挤出机,且无量纲参数评价体系具有很高的可靠性和更广泛的适用性,可用于挤出加工设备的选择。     

螺旋沟槽单螺杆挤出机双螺棱推动理论模型的研究

通过在单螺杆挤出机固体输送段机筒内壁开设螺旋沟槽,建立了将机筒与螺杆视为一个对物料协同作用的整体的新型物理模型——弧板模型;同时将嵌入机筒沟槽与螺杆螺槽中的物料视为固体塞,提出了新型"双螺棱推动理论",弥补了单螺杆挤出机不能实现正位移输送的传统理论缺陷;最后,通过理论分析确定了螺旋沟槽挤出机由摩擦拖曳输送向正位移输送转换的边界条件方程及正位移输送下沟槽结构参数的设计准则。     

振动力场作用下的单螺杆挤出机固体输送理论

在单螺杆挤出机中,通过螺杆的轴向振动将振动力场引入聚合物固体输送过程,提出振动力场强化固体输送过程的新概念.以螺槽中运动的物料为对象建立了振动力场强化固体输送过程的数学模型,并获得了物料沿螺槽方向输送的压力（密度）、速度的近似解析解.传统固体输送过程就是当螺杆轴向振动的振幅为零时的特例,此时的压力降与Darnell and Mol 理论一致,但不同的是物料速度及密度沿螺槽方向是变化的,从而修正了Darnell and Mol 固体输送理论.螺杆的轴向振动提高了固体输送平均压力,缩短了固体输送的长度,增加了固体输送角.透明料筒全程可视化实验挤出机证明了螺杆轴向振动确实缩短了物料固体压实输送所需的螺槽长度.     

Modeling the solids conveying zone of a novel extruder

On the basis of the theory of relative motions, a novel nested screw extruder was invented in which one rotating outer screw acted as the barrel for an inner screw; the combination of the outer screw and outer barrel was the other extrusion system. It was realized that centrifugal force resulted in the difference between the forces acting on the solids by the screw and by the barrel, which further compacted the solid pellet or powder. These factors benefited the frictional drag of solids and the early melting. This was consistent with the fact that the solids conveying flow rate increased greatly when the barrel and screw rotated oppositely at the same time. Thus, centrifugal force and material compressibility were significant in the feeding zone. A mathematical model was developed to calculate the output, pressure, and velocity of the solids in the screw down‐channel with consideration of the centrifugal force and material compressibility. The predicted pressure distribution and output were better than those by previous models in fitting the experimental data. The simulations revealed that the maximum traction angle was close to 90° ? the helix angle for maximum output in contrast to the maximum traction angle of 90° predicted by the Darnell–Mol theory. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

基于SPSS的啮合同向双螺杆挤出机挤出能耗的研究

借助SPSS统计分析软件,以主机螺杆转速和加料量为自变量建立了啮合同向双螺杆挤出机功率消耗的二元线性和非线性数学模型,探讨了主机螺杆转速和加料量对挤出机功耗的影响。通过实验得到的数据和模型预测数据进行对比。结果表明,二元线性回归模型完全可以用来对挤出机功耗进行预测。     

Modeling of the conveying of solid polymer in the feeding zone of intermeshing co-rotating twin screw extruders

In this paper, a model for the conveying of solid polymer in the feeding zone of intermeshing co-rotating twin screw extruders is proposed. The theoretical model uses an approach that is similar to that commonly used in single screw extruders; however, it takes into account the particular geometry of the screw channel, the partially filled channel, and the special configuration of the two self-wiping screws. The model thus considers two conveying mechanisms: the first one in the channel, which is analyzed in terms of polymer-metal friction, and the second one, which is mainly an axial transport in the intermeshing zone. The theoretical predictions of the model are compared with the experimental results obtained on a laboratory extruder with a polymer in powder form, and satisfactory agreement is observed. The model enables the prediction of the evolution of the filling of the screws towards the geometry and the operating conditions. This is an important key to analyzing the thermal aspects in this zone, which can lead to a prediction of the melting capacity of the extruder. Indeed, the filling of the feeding zone defines the heat transport that occurs between the hot barrel and the solid polymer.     

Dependence of solids conveying on screw axial vibration in single screw extruders

In the single‐screw extruder, the vibration force field is applied to the solids conveying process by the axial vibration of the screw and the novel concept on the solids conveying process being strengthened with the vibration force field has been brought forward in this study. We establish the mathematical model that describes the solids conveying process with the vibration force field and obtain the approximative analytical solutions of the pressure and velocity of the solids conveying in the down‐channel. In the new theory, if the screw has no axial vibration the solids conveying pressure is the same as that of the Darnell and Mol theory, but the density and velocity of solids conveying along the screw channel is variable, which has modified the Darnell and Mol theory in which the density and velocity of the solids conveying along the screw channel was considered invariable. The results reveal that the axial vibration of the screw can increase the average pressure of solids conveying, decrease the channel length of the solids conveying section and increase the solids conveying angle. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2998–3007, 2006     

啮合同向双螺杆挤出机普通螺纹元件末端共混物的混合形态Ⅰ.物料三维流动路径的计算

用有限元方法对啮合同向双螺杆挤出机的螺纹元件流场进行了三维等温非牛顿模拟分析,根据流场分析所得到的速度场,通过编程计算得到了物料在啮合同向双螺杆挤出机螺纹元件中的三维流动路径。结果表明,由于存在着轴向回流,部分物料不能流出元件出口,而是从元件入口返流;物料在元件中的运动轨迹不尽相同,有的物料微元在整个流动过程中都围绕着2根螺杆以螺旋“∞”形向前运动,有的物料微元在流动过程中时而围绕1根螺杆连续旋转,时而围绕2根螺杆以螺旋“∞”形向前运动;在螺槽区,物料在螺槽的横截面内上下流动;回流物料微元数随着螺杆转速的增大、双螺杆挤出机产量的减小而增大。     

Visual analysis of particle bouncing and its effect on pressure drop in dilute phase pneumatic conveying

During the pneumatic conveying of plastic pellets, it has been observed that materials with similar physical characteristics may develop substantial difference in pressure drop, whose cause is not fully understood. This experimental study focused on the dynamic behavior of the particles during conveying and its influence on pressure drop.The bouncing of the particles during pneumatic conveying in dilute phase was visually analyzed by means of a high speed video camera. The experiments included two different plastic pellets of similar size and density but different modulus of elasticity. The conveying trials were carried out in a 0.052 m I.D. aluminum pipe conveying system approximately 35 m long. The loading was controlled by an airflow control valve and a variable speed drive rotary valve. For each material, a series of tests were performed creating a matrix of six solids rates for five different air velocities. During the conveying trials a high speed video camera was used to record the actual particle motion in a horizontal section with fully accelerated flow. The videos showed significant difference in bouncing between the soft and the hard pellets. The soft pellets showed very random and intense bouncing with strong rotation, which affected the rebound considerably. In fact, some particles bounced even backwards. On the other side, the hard pellets showed significantly less bouncing and rotation.In addition to the high speed videos, in each test the pressure drop was measured in the horizontal and vertical directions. As expected, a significant difference in pressure drop was recorded for the same conveying settings when using the different materials. The pressure drop showed a close relation to the bouncing of the particles, being much higher for the soft pellets.It can be concluded that the increased pressure drop, developed by the soft polyethylene pellets, is in part due to the multiple times the particles must be reaccelerated during their transit through the conveying system. Additionally, the reduction in the average particle velocity increases the drag force. All of this resulted in up to 3-fold increase in pressure drop across the conveying line compared to the hard polyethylene pellets that showed significantly less bouncing.     

单螺杆挤出机螺旋沟槽固体段产量的实验研究

在自制的测试仪上对单螺杆挤出机螺旋沟槽固体输送段的产量进行了实验研究,探讨了沟槽衬套、螺杆的结构参数,物料粒径大小及螺杆转速对单螺杆挤出机固体输送段产量的影响,同时将螺旋沟槽单螺杆挤出机与IKV挤出机固体输送段的产量进行了对比。实验研究表明：粒径越小,螺旋衬套沟槽越宽,固体输送段产量越高;螺杆螺距变化对挤出机固体输送段产量的影响很小;IKV直槽挤出机固体输送段的产量明显小于螺旋沟槽衬套挤出机的固体输送产量,而且随着转速的增加,趋势越明显。