硅太阳能电池的应用研究与进展

介绍了三代太阳能电池的发展历程和最新研究进展,晶体硅太阳能电池在光伏产业中主要朝高效方向发展,认为廉价、高效多晶硅薄膜太阳能电池,是当前太阳能电池研究的热点,也是未来太阳能电池发展的方向。     

化合物太阳能电池的材料研究

在光伏市场尚未完全开启的初级阶段,晶体硅太阳能电池凭借其高的转换效率仍然可以占据光伏市场的绝大部分份额。但是,随着将来光伏市场的逐渐成熟,光伏组件发展成为大型电站、城市建筑和偏远地区用电的标准安装单元之后,晶体硅因为其较大的材料消耗就未必能满足庞大市场的     

有机太阳能电池及其前景展望

有机太阳能电池因其具有制备简单、成本低、质量轻、可制备成柔性器件等突出优点。而显示了巨大的开发潜力。文章对有机太阳能电池进行了简单介绍,并对它的未来发展趋势作了简要描述。     

金属-有机框架材料在太阳能电池中的应用与挑战

化石能源枯竭、 温室效应以及环境恶化是人类生存发展面临的巨大挑战,发展可再生能源对当代社会至关重要.第三代太阳能电池包括染料敏化太阳能电池、 钙钛矿太阳能电池、 有机聚合物太阳能电池等具有转化效率高、 加工成本低、 环境友好等特点,吸引了科研工作者的广泛关注.提高太阳能器件的效率和稳定性,对推动其工业化进程具有重要意义...     

碳材料在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用

钙钛矿太阳能电池具有材料成本低廉、生产工艺简单、光电转换效率高等优点,发展前景十分光明。碳材料因其价格低廉、高导电性、疏水性和化学稳定性等特点,被应用在钙钛矿太阳能电池的各个组成部分,用于提高电池性能和降低成本。本文根据应用在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的碳材料的维数进行分类,分别介绍了零维的C60、碳量子点和石墨烯量子点,一维的碳纳米管,二维的石墨烯及其衍生物、石墨炔和三维的石墨等在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用,对于将来实现钙钛矿太阳能电池的低成本商业化和大规模制造具有重要意义。     

聚合物太阳能电池光敏层材料及形貌的研究进展

聚合物太阳能电池由于质量轻、成本低、柔韧性好及制备工艺简便等优点而具有巨大的潜在应用价值,是太阳能电池发展的新方向.但是聚合物太阳能电池的能量转换效率较低,达不到商业化应用的要求,如何提高电池效率仍是目前研究的重点.聚合物材料和光敏层的形貌是影响太阳能电池性能的两大要素,从机理方面分析了限制太阳能电池效率的一些因素,介绍了聚合物材料的新进展,探讨了聚合物材料设计的原则及方法,着重探讨了形貌对太阳能电池性能的影响以及改进形貌的方法及其理论基础,并展望了聚合物太阳能电池未来的发展趋势.     

有机太阳能电池受体材料的研究进展

有机太阳能电池受体材料是有机光伏领域的研究热点之一。主要介绍了富勒烯衍生物、苝二酰亚胺衍生物、9,9-联亚芴基衍生物、二酮吡咯并吡咯衍生物和聚合物这五类受体材料的结构与特点,并综述了这些受体材料在有机光伏器件中的应用与发展,为今后开发更加高效的有机太阳能电池受体材料提供参考。     

聚合物在太阳能电池材料中的应用

综述了近年来聚合物在太阳能电池材料中的应用.对电子给体材料和受体材料两类聚合物材料进行详细的描述,并阐述了进一步发展的重点和前景.     

太阳能电池材料发展和前景

<正>随着全球经济的发展,人类对能源的需求越来越大,传统的化石能源也日渐枯竭,各国纷纷重视对新型能源的研究,在使用过程中不会对环境造成污染的太阳能就是其中一种。近年来,随着使用传统能源带来的问题逐渐凸显,大阳能光电领域越来越受到重视。各国政府不断加大投入,以期在太阳能电池领域争得领先地位。一、太阳能电池的种类伴随着经济、社会、科学技术的发展,人类对能源的需求越来越大,资源面临着日益枯竭的状况,需要开发新的清洁能源。太阳能作为一种可再生的能源,有着清洁、高效的特点,很多国家对此特别重视,纷纷组织本     

Challenges and prospects of nanopillar-based solar cells

Materials and device architecture innovations are essential for further enhancing the performance of solar cells while potentially enabling their large-scale integration as a viable source of alternative energy. In this regard, tremendous research has been devoted in recent years with continuous progress in the field. In this article, we review the recent advancements in nanopillar-based photovoltaics while discussing the future challenges and prospects. Nanopillar arrays provide unique advantages over thin films in the areas of optical properties and carrier collection, arising from their three-dimensional geometry. The choice of the material system, however, is essential in order to gain the advantage of the large surface/interface area associated with nanopillars with the constraints different from those of the thin film devices.     

Thin-film solar cells: review of materials,technologies and commercial status

The recent boom in the demand for photovoltaic modules has created a silicon supply shortage, providing an opportunity for thin-film photovoltaic modules to enter the market in significant quantities. Thin-films have the potential to revolutionise the present cost structure of photovoltaics by eliminating the use of the expensive silicon wafers that alone account for above 50% of total module manufacturing cost. The strengths and weaknesses of the contending thin-film photovoltaic technologies and the current state of commercial activity with each are briefly reviewed.     

真空镀膜平板太阳能集热器的应用前景

主要介绍了平板集热器的结构、特点以及平板集热器板芯选择性吸收涂层的几种制备方法,真空磁控溅射制备选择性吸收涂层,提高光热效率和涂层的使用寿命,具有膜层均匀、致密、生产环保等特点。适合于连续式工业化生产,作为建筑材料,实现太阳能利用与建筑一体化,是新一代太阳能集热产品。     

ZnO hierarchical aggregates: Solvothermal synthesis and application in dye-sensitized solar cells

ZnO hierarchical aggregates have been successfully synthesized by solvothermal methods through reaction of zinc acetate and potassium hydroxide in methanol solution. The shapes of the aggregates were controlled by varying the ratio of Zn²⁺ and OH^? ions in the reaction system, while the size can be tuned from 2 μm to 100 nm. Oriented attachment was found to be the main mechanism of the three-dimensional assembly of small ZnO nanocrystallites into large aggregates. The performance of these aggregates in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) indicated that hierarchical structured photoelectrodes can increase energy conversion efficiency of DSCs effectively when the sizes of aggregates match the wavelengths of visible light.      

Perspectives on SnSe-based thin film solar cells: a comprehensive review

Currently, selenium (Se)-based compound semiconductors (CISe, CIGSe and CZTSe) are considered as the active materials in the photovoltaic world. However, these materials exhibit couple of issues related to stoichiometry maintenance and scarcity of their constituent elements (In, Ga), which limit their massive production for future energy demands. These issues could be rectified by introducing a non-toxic, inexpensive and earth-abundant binary material. One such material is a tin monoselenide (SnSe), which exhibits a high chemical stability along with attractive physical properties namely, suitable band gap (1.3 eV), high absorption coefficient (10⁵ cm^?1) and p-type conductivity. These properties indicate SnSe as a competitive substitute in place of conventional absorbers in thin film solar cells. Despite of its remarkable properties, only a few reports were published on the fabrication of SnSe-based solar cells with poor efficiency (≤1 %). This indicates a need to review on the physical properties of SnSe and its device structures in a deeper sense. In this context, the present review describes the different methods of preparation of SnSe films and their physical properties along with the details of photovoltaic device fabrication. We highlighted the different factors that are limiting the efficiency of SnSe solar cells, and a few suggestions were included to overcome these problems for further improvement of these cells. This review will enrich and stimulate the readers to further investigate the growth of SnSe thin films and their devices, for the development of >20 % efficient SnSe solar cells.     

Laser-enhanced plating: A review of its mechanisms and applications

Model calculations are compared with published optical reflectance spectra for thermally oxidized samples of black chrome solar absorbing film on nickel substrates (T ≈ 600 °C). Good agreement between the model calculations and the published reflectance spectra indicates that the diffusion and oxidation of the nickel substrate is the primary cause of reflectance changes in this temperature regime (T ? 500 °C). Auger electron spectroscopy utilizing depth profiling similarly heated black chrome films on nickel substantiates this observation.     

高雾度透明纤维素薄膜制备、性能及其太阳能电池应用

将可持续的纤维素材料与电子器件结合是当今学术界的研究热点。高雾度透明纤维素薄膜是一种具有特殊光学性能的纸张。它除了具有普通纸张的优点(可降解、成本低、柔性、质轻等)外,还呈现出高的透光率和优异的光散射性能,可作为绿色光学透明材料应用于太阳能电池,提升电池的光电转化效率。本文首先简要介绍了高雾度透明纤维素薄膜的发展历程;接着,详细总结了高雾度透明纤维素薄膜的制备方法及其性能(如光学、力学、热稳定性、耐水等);然后论述了现阶段这类薄膜在太阳能电池中的应用进展;最后,总结了高雾度透明纤维素薄膜存在的科学技术问题,并对其今后的研究方向以及应用前景进行了展望。