纤维素酶抛光工艺的研究

本文通过对酶的筛选,选定了最好抛光效果的A酶,然后讨论了棉织物纤维素酶抛光的最佳工艺条件,通过生物纤维素酶对棉织物进行适度的减量加工,使织物获得纹路清晰,表面光洁的外观,同时抗起毛起球性有明显改善,由于酶的催化作用具有高度专一性,对发展生态染整有着长远的意义。用控制衣物失重3%-5%的方法来判别光洁效果,并且对织物强力没有过度损失。     

纤维素酶在棉织物抛光工艺中的应用

探讨应用纤维素酶对棉织物进行抛光整理的工艺.分析了影响纤维素酶抛光效果的各种因素,进行了酶用量、温度、pH值、处理时间等对织物减量率、强力下降率的影响试验.结果表明:棉织物经纤维素酶抛光后其手感、悬垂性等均得到了不同程度的改善,提高了棉织物的服用性能,纤维素酶对棉织物进行抛光整理是可行的.     

粘胶织物抗起毛起球性能的研究

研究冷轧堆纤维素酶抛光工艺改善粘胶织物起毛起球问题的效果。以LT19500L纤维素酶作为试验酶,对粘胶织物进行冷轧堆抛光整理,通过单因素试验确定影响抛光效果的主要因素的最佳范围,并对各影响因素设计正交试验,再运用灰色关联理论对数据进行分析,确定粘胶织物抛光的最佳工艺参数为pH值6.5,堆置温度50℃,冷轧堆时间8h,酶的浓度10g/L,带液率100%。认为:粘胶织物经冷轧堆纤维素酶抛光工艺处理后,抗起毛起球等级能够达到4级。     

生物抛光酶在高支高密棉织物上的应用

本文介绍了生物抛光酶(即纤维素酶)对纤维素纤维的作用机理,同时分析了生产过程中高支高密棉织物经抛光工艺整理后各项性能的影响,如手感、强力、上染百分率、摩擦色牢度、白度等物理指标;同时分析了此生物抛光整理能赋予织物光泽、柔滑、悬垂的"仿天丝"风格,文章最后部分介绍了生物抛光酶在染整加工流程中的注意事项和改进措施.     

纤维素酶的复配及其对棉织物抛光效果的影响北大核心

纤维素酶的生物抛光处理可赋予棉织物光洁的外观,但同时会使其强力下降。为了降低这一影响,将纤维素酶与表面活性剂、多元醇、金属盐类等助剂复配,对比复配前后纤维素酶活力的差异及其对棉织物抛光效果的影响。结果表明,在纤维素酶中添加10 g/L的聚乙二醇2000对纤维素酶活力的促进效果较好;复配后的纤维素酶对棉织物的水解、吸附作用增强,生物抛光效果提升明显,处理时间缩短,强力损失有所降低。     

纤维素酶在仿天丝产品上的应用

棉织物仿天丝产品染整生产工艺利用纤维素酶进行生物抛光处理,以去除织物表面的茸毛,改善织物手感.     

新颖织物整理——生物抛光技术

近来,生物抛光——一种新颖的织物整理引起了人们广泛的注意。这种技术最先出现于日本,并在商业上获得了巨大成功。生物抛光能在多方面改善织物的特质,如减少起毛、起球、提高柔软、滑爽性和提高光泽、光亮度。 生物抛光加工采用酸性纤维素酶,这种酶适用于所有的纤维素纱线和织物,如棉、粘胶、亚麻、苎麻等。它还能对混纺纤维和纱线中的纤维素起作用,而不影响非纤维素纤维。     

两种纤维素酶抛光整理对棉针织物性能的影响

探讨了纤维素中性抛光酶CL和纤维素酸性抛光酶AL对纯棉针织物抛光整理前后表面光洁度、顶破强力、减量率、K/S值和抗起毛起球性能等的影响。结果表明,纤维素酸性抛光酶AL进行抛光整理,对织物的表观染色深度值、减量率、顶破强力影响较大;而纤维素中性抛光酶CL进行抛光整理,对织物的表观染色深度值、减量率、顶破强力影响较小;但用相同浓度的两种抛光酶对同一种织物分别进行抛光整理,纤维素中性抛光酶CL对织物的抛光效果较纤维素酸性抛光酶AL略差;织物经过生物抛光整理后,其抗起毛起球性能提高1～1.5级。     

纤维素酶在棉织物抛光工艺中的应用

利用纤维素酶ALP conc对棉织物进行生物抛光整理,对影响生物抛光效果的各种因素进行了分析讨论。结果表明,棉织物经生物抛光整理后其外观、手感和柔软性均得到了改善,生物抛光整理可提高棉织物的服用性能和附加值。     

运用生物酶开发纯棉高档产品

利用纤维素酶ALP conc．对棉织物进行生物抛光整理，通过实验优化了棉织物的生物抛光工艺，并对影响生物抛光效果的各种因素进行了分析讨论。实验结果表明，棉织物经生物抛光整理后，其手感、弹性、悬垂性和毛细效应均得到了改善，生物抛光整理可提高棉织物的服用性能和附加值。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the