二氧化硅光子晶体在涤纶织物上的结构生色

以200-400 nm单分散二氧化硅胶体微球为结构单元,采用垂直沉积自组装法,在涤纶织物上构建三维有序的的面心立方(FCC)结构二氧化硅光子晶体,呈现双面结构生色效果。通过对涤纶织物上结构色的三维视频显微镜和反射率光谱分析,研究了二氧化硅胶体微球粒径和观察角对光子晶体结构色的影响。研究结果表明：涤纶织物上光子晶体结构色与光子禁带位置密切相关,其禁带位置可随二氧化硅胶体微球的粒径和观察角的变化而发生改变。     

光固化P(St-HEA)胶体微球喷印液的制备及其应用

以聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酸羟乙酯)(P(St-HEA))胶体微球分散液为主体,通过复配功能单体丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)和紫外光引发剂2-羟基-2-甲基苯丙酮(1173)来构建光固化胶体微球喷印液体系,探究胶体微球、功能单体和光引发剂的质量分数对喷印制备所得光子晶体结构生色效果的影响;将光固化胶体微球喷印液通过数码喷印设备喷射于涤纶基材上,制备光子晶体结构生色图案,并通过水洗试验测试光子晶体生色结构的稳固性。结果表明:当P(St-HEA)胶体微球的质量分数为1.0%,HEA体积分数为1.0%～1.5%,光引发剂1173质量分数为1.0%时,经数码喷印后可获得结构色鲜艳明亮的光子晶体结构生色图案,且随喷印液中微球粒径的增大,结构色色相会发生红移;通过超声水洗测试,P(St-HEA)光子晶体生色结构在基材上未发生明显脱落,且结构色依旧较为亮丽,表明光固化P(St-HEA)胶体微球喷印液制备所得光子晶体生色结构的稳固性良好。     

基于多维光子晶体及非晶光子晶体的结构色构筑研究进展

自然界中的颜色不仅仅来源于化学色素,还有很大一部分来源于光与微观结构相互作用后显现的结构色。光子晶体以及非晶光子晶体构成的结构色受到了广泛的关注。光子晶体微观结构包括组成一维光子晶体的纳米薄膜,组成二维光子晶体的线型或带状材料,以及组成三维光子晶体和非晶光子晶体的纳米微球等。不同于传统的化学色素,结构色由于颜色鲜艳不褪色,无毒无污染等优点而备受关注。本文主要以纳米薄膜组成的一维光子晶体和纳米微球组成的三维光子晶体和非晶光子晶体为例,综述了基于微球自组装以及连续薄膜包覆形成光子晶体及非晶光子晶体结构色的方法,并详细阐述不同光子晶体及非晶光子晶体产生结构色的原理和各种方法中常用的材料,不同方法的适用范围,优缺点和相应结构色的潜在应用。     

高饱和度、高稳定性光子晶体结构色织物的研究进展北大核心

在织物上利用胶体微球自组装构筑的光子晶体结构色是一种绿色环保的着色方式,但是该着色方式存在颜色饱和度低与结构稳定性差的问题,从而制约了光子晶体结构色在纺织领域的应用和发展。为此,综述了近年来提高光子晶体结构色织物饱和度与稳定性的方法及利弊分析;指出增强相干散射与吸收非相干散射是提高光子晶体结构色饱和度的两大策略,增强微球间接触力、间隙填充和结构包覆是提高光子晶体结构色稳定性的三种途径。最后,研究认为制备兼具高饱和度与高稳定性的光子晶体结构色是从基础研究走向实际应用的必要条件。     

基于液态光子晶体固定化的柔性结构生色膜制备及其性能

针对光子晶体材料结构稳定性较差的问题,以光固化型单体取代常规组装介质水制备液态光子晶体,通过紫外光聚合固化构建纳米微球嵌入弹性体式的非密堆积阵列光子晶体,制备结构稳定的柔性光子晶体结构生色膜,并对其结构和性能进行分析。结果表明:液态光子晶体的光学性质可通过胶体体系中SiO₂纳米微球的体积分数及其粒径进行调控,随SiO₂体积分数由22%增大至40%,其微球间的平均间距逐渐减小,液态光子晶体结构色蓝移;固定SiO₂微球体积分数,当其粒径由123 nm增加至178 nm时,液态光子晶体结构色红移;液态光子晶体色彩鲜艳、饱和度高,经紫外光辐照后,所构建的固态光子晶体膜具有明显的虹彩效应和优异的柔韧性,并表现出显著的力致变色性能,展示了其在智能可穿戴纺织材料领域良好的应用潜能。     

功能性结构色纳米纺织材料的研究进展

结构生色是一种无需染料或颜料的纺织品着色技术,因其绿色环保、颜色易调控等优点,成为当前研究的热点。文章介绍了光子晶体结构色,包括光子晶体结构生色的原理、分类与制备方法、以及纳米微球的种类。其次从机械稳定和不同功能应用方面,介绍了结构色纳米纺织材料的制备和性能,并分析了他们的优缺点。机械稳定型结构色纳米纺织材料主要利用添加黏合剂来提高光子晶体结构的稳定性,使纺织材料上的光子晶体耐摩擦、水洗等;通过微球或基材表面的化学或物理改性,可使改性的结构色纺织材料具备疏水、疏油功能;响应型结构色纳米纺织材料主要是在光子晶体中引入具有刺激响应功能的材料,使纺织材料对外界刺激产生不同响应效果。最后指出功能性结构色纳米纺织材料发展中存在的问题,并对该研究方向进行了展望。     

可用于纸基材料书写印刷的SiO2光子晶体自组装性能

本研究采用双基片垂直自组装法和旋涂法制备硅基光子晶体,研究了粒径分布及高温热处理对光子晶体结构色的影响,表征了双尺寸和夹心结构光子晶体的微观形貌和光学特性等性能。结果表明,高温热处理有助于增强光子晶体结构色的鲜艳度,且光子晶体在载玻片上的附着强度增加。随着SiO₂微球粒径的增大,光子禁带的中心波长位置逐渐向长波段移动。对于单分散SiO₂微球,粒径越均一,自组装的光子晶体结构色越鲜艳。与双尺寸晶体相比,均一粒径晶体的自组装有序性更好;L-S-L结构比S-L-S结构的光子晶体排列更加平整有序。高浓度的SiO₂微球乙醇分散液书写在黑色纸基材料上,可以呈现出色彩鲜明和饱和度较高的颜色。     

非晶光子晶体结构色织物的制备及其数值模拟

为深入研究非晶光子晶体结构,实现对结构色的有效调控,将经快速氧化制备的壳核结构聚苯乙烯/聚多巴胺(PS/PDA)微球在棉织物上构建三维非晶光子晶体结构,采用Rsoft软件建立数值模型对其光学性质进行计算。探究晶体微球粒径、光线入射角度对光子晶体反射率的影响,并通过CIE标准色度系统得到色品坐标,在CIE色度图中直观地反映光子晶体结构色变化。研究表明:计算结果与实验测试结果较为吻合,粒径为195、222、267、287 nm的PS/PDA纳米微球构建的非晶光子晶体结构,依次对应蓝色、绿色、黄绿色和红色,且随着入射角的不同,结构色不会发生改变。通过数值模拟计算,可控制纳米微球粒径、调节非晶光子晶体的光子赝带隙,从而对产生的结构色进行有效调控。     

SiO_2胶体微球在真丝织物上的垂直沉积自组装研究

为研发结构生色的真丝织物,以硬质二氧化硅胶体微球为基本结构单元,采用垂直沉积自组装法,通过控制相对湿度、组装温度、胶体微球质量分数和组装溶剂等自组装因素,在真丝基底织物上构造结构色Si O_2光子晶体。研究结果表明:通过严格控制垂直沉积自组装过程的组装因素,在组装温度25℃、相对湿度60%、微球质量分数2.0%、以纯水或纯乙醇为组装溶剂的条件下,可在真丝织物上制备得到三维有序的Si O_2光子晶体结构,呈现双面生色效果。为在纺织品上构建光子晶体结构及其生色理论提供有益的理论支撑和实践经验。     

纺织基材上P(St-MAA)/WPU复合光子晶体生色结构的快速制备及其性能

为快速制备兼顾结构色效果和结构稳定性的光子晶体生色结构,提出了一种采用填充法制备复合光子晶体的方法。先将聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸)(P(St-MAA))胶体微球预组装液喷涂于涤纶基材上制备光子晶体,再利用水性聚氨酯(WPU)对P(St-MAA)光子晶体上进行二次喷涂,最终得到P(St-MAA)/WPU复合光子晶体。探究WPU质量分数对光子晶体排列、结构色效果、结构稳定性的影响,并分析P(St-MAA)/WPU复合光子晶体的光学性能。结果表明：喷涂WPU不会破坏光子晶体原有的规整排列,其会优先渗入P(St-MAA)微球间的缝隙中,逐渐替代原光子晶体内中的空气,最终实现对P(St-MAA)微球的包裹;WPU的填充使得P(St-MAA)/WPU复合光子晶体的平均折射率增加,结构色色相产生红移现象;P(St-MAA)/WPU复合光子晶体的结构稳定性高于P(St-MAA)光子晶体,且WPU的质量分数越大,稳定性改善程度越明显;喷涂WPU后所得的复合光子晶体结构仍呈现出良好的结构色效果且虹彩效应明显。研究结果为在纺织基材上快速制备兼具鲜艳结构色和稳定结构的光子晶体提供了简便方法,可推动光子晶体生色结...     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press