浅谈国产优质专用小麦的市场潜力及发展对策

在面粉产品结构调整步伐加快，小麦粉制品日益丰富，市场竞争日趋激烈的今天，小麦品质的优劣对面粉加工业的生存和发展越来越起到关键性的作用。下面结合面粉加工业的实际情况，谈谈对国产优质专用小麦的市场潜力及发展对策的粗浅认识。１何谓国产优质专用麦所谓国产优质...     

优质小麦资源的开发利用与对策

市场经济发展和人民生活水平的提高，为优质小麦及其加工工业提供了广阔的市场，开发利用优质小麦对发展农业经济具有十分重要的意义，作者介绍了安徽省优质小麦品种，品质水平及气候条件和市场等方面的情况，并探讨了优质小麦发展中所存在的问题及解决途径。     

国产优质小麦生产面包粉

我国是以蒸煮食品为主的消费大国。随着人民生活水平的提高和生活节奏的加快,我国城镇居民对烘烤食品需求逐渐增长。我国的烘烤食品专用粉的需求量也日益增加。上世纪九十年代,我国面包粉主要靠进口小麦生产。近年来随着国产优质小麦的推广、品质提升和面粉利润的降低,我国一些制粉企业试图通过国产优质小麦的搭配来满足面包粉生产的需要。本文通过以下实验结果来分析国产优质小麦和搭配进口小麦生产面包粉的区别。     

中国优质小麦在专用粉中的应用

本文通过对小麦的标准和即将颁布的新标准及商品优质小麦品质进行对比分析,探讨优质小麦在专用粉中的应用,为面粉企业优质小麦的选择提供依据.     

专用面粉对小麦品质的要求

综述加工不同品质的专用粉对优质专用小麦品质的要求。就如何控制专用小麦的专项品质提出了几点建议。     

浅谈国产优质小麦加工面包粉

叙述了利用国产优质小麦生产面包粉中应注意的关键问题及工艺的选用、操作的强化、面粉的后处理、生产管理等问题。     

谈国产小麦加工专用粉的几个问题

近年来，在我国农业获得连年丰收，进口小麦大幅度减少的情况下，主要用国产小麦加工专用粉已经成为面粉厂的实际课题。文中讨论了在国产小麦品种繁多，加工专用的品质差强人意的条件下，如何选择小麦，如何掌握面粉精度等级，以及如何评价其品质等若干基本问题。     

发展优质小麦应注意的问题

长期以来，由于我国只注重小麦产量的提高，而放松了对子粒品质的改良。造成小麦的品质结构不尽合理，绝大多数小麦品质一般。这种情况致使国内做面包的强筋小麦、做饼干糕点的弱筋小麦及蒸煮面食用的优质小麦长期依赖进口。近些年来，以小麦粉为原料的各种精制面食和各式各样的方便面食、保健食品及营养食品需求量日益增大，人们对小麦面粉及其制品的品质要求也越来越高。     

麸皮生料制醋曲

传统醋曲微生物多、酶系广,代谢产物丰富,产品质量好,但出醋率低。纯种麸曲糖化力强,出醋率高,成品质量不如传统曲醋,提出麸皮生料接入多种优良菌株制曲,保存了麸皮中丰富的酶系,发挥优良菌株群体协同作用,提高成曲生化性能,产生较多的代谢产物,增加营养和风味成分。     

Supplementation of wheat flour with some local legumes

Egyptian bread made with broad bean flour, lentil flour, and wheat flour was scored for aroma, crust colour, crumb colour, texture, flavour and over-all acceptability by Egyptian judges. Protein quality of the bread was measured by a rat growth study. Analysis of variance for the data from the organoleptic evaluation was insignificant. The results indicate that broad bean flour could be added to wheat flour in making Egyptian Ballady bread up to 20% without affecting any of the tested characteristics. However, supplementation of wheat flour with more than 15% lentil flour might have some effect on flavour and hence on overall acceptability. The addition of 5, 10, 15 and 20% broad bean flour and lentil flour was accompained by an increase in the PER. It was clear that wheat flour supplemented with broad bean flour had a more pronounced effect on the PER at a 5 and 10% level of supplementation than that supplemented with lentil. The PER data were subjected to analysis of variance. At 1% level of significance the increase in PER for the 10, 15 and 20% broad bean breads was significant. Also the differences in the PERs between 5, 10 and 15% broad bean flour was significant. At 1% level of significance there was a significant difference in the PER values of bread made with 15 and 20% lentil flour. Incorporating broad bean flour into bread at a 20% level had a significant effect on the NPR at 1% and 5% level of significance. At 1% level of significance the only significant increase in NPR was noticed using the 20% level of lentil flour.     

微型设备的小麦酒生产工艺

主要介绍了利用微型自酿啤酒生产设备，采用下面发酵酵母生产深色小麦酒的生产工艺过程及产品的特点。     

小麦胚芽面包的研制

为了开发食品资源,改善食品结构,论述了小麦胚芽的营养价值、保健功能和小麦胚芽面包的生产工艺。     

酶法生产小麦麦胚油操作单元研究

用于提取麦胚油的麦胚最适宜颗粒为40目。麦胚用微波90s稳定可以获得满意结果。采用少孢根霉发酵液,最适宜料液比为1∶4,最适宜酶法提取工艺条件为在pH5.5、60℃时,催化水解6h。酶解出油率最高达到73%。     

以小麦面粉作为辅料生产小麦啤酒

研究小麦面粉作为啤酒辅料酿造工艺,在小麦面粉的最大添加量占原料的20%的条件下,中性蛋白酶添加量0.10 mL/kg,耐热α-淀粉酶添加量20 u/g,木聚糖酶的添加量1.8 mL/kg,解决小麦面粉作为啤酒辅料中出现黏度大,过滤困难等不利因素;同时采用上面发酵工艺,以其他辅料酿造啤酒的麦汁和发酵液的理化指标为参照,进一步评估工艺的合理性;研究利用蛋白疏水层析色谱法(HIC),对添加小麦面粉作为辅料生产的小麦啤酒的啤酒泡沫中分离疏水蛋白,其疏水蛋白含量显著增加,并显著提高啤酒的泡沫性能。同时酿造的啤酒具有典型的小麦啤酒的特征香味4-乙烯基愈创木酚味道。     

小麦麸皮膳食纤维酸奶初步研制

该研究以小麦麸皮膳食纤维和优质复原乳为主要原料,经乳酸发酵制备一种新型保健酸奶。以产品感官质量和稳定性为评价指标,通过单因素实验,初步确定小麦麸皮膳食纤维保健型酸奶主要原料最佳配比为:奶粉12%,小麦麸皮膳食纤维1%～2%,白砂糖6%,稳定剂淀粉0.5%(或明胶0.5%),草莓香精0.01‰;发酵接种量为3.5%。     

彩麦曲奇最佳生产工艺的研究

为研发一种集营养与美味于一体的曲奇饼干,以紫色小麦粉为主要原料,在单因素实验的基础上,通过BoxBenhnken法设计实验考察黄油、糖粉、水三个因素之间的交互作用对彩麦曲奇饼干感官质量的影响,并采用响应面分析法对彩麦曲奇饼干的生产配方进行优化。实验结果表明,经优化后的彩麦曲奇饼干的最优配方为:彩麦粉40.00 g,黄油添加量27.53 g,糖粉添加量13.09 g,水添加量6.77 g。验证性实验的感官平均得分为92.10,与理论值92.21基本相符,说明经过响应面优化的结果对实践有较好的指导意义。      

Continuous production of wheat gluten peptide with foaming properties using immobilized enzymes

Gluten peptides are prepared using limited hydrolysis of wheat gluten, resulting in improved solubility and physico-chemical properties. In general, the hydrolysis is performed using a batch-wise process. In this study, we developed a bioreactor system that can continuously produce gluten peptides with foaming properties. Two kinds of acid protease, pepsin and rapidase, were immobilized on porous chitosan beads. The partial deamidation of gluten in advance increased initial velocity of hydrolysis by immobilizing protease and also worked to enhance foaming properties. A packed-bed reactor filled with immobilized protease was designed, and operating parameters were optimized. The optimized conditions were as follows: pH, 3.0; temperature, 40 °C; substrate concentration, 40 mg/ml; and space velocity, 2.0 h^–1. Based on these results, a bench-scale reactor was manufactured to determine the stability of continuous operation. The half-life of the reactor was approximately 45 days, and both productivity and quality were stable and excellent.     

小麦芽在啤酒生产中的应用

近年来，啤酒生产原料价格的上涨和愈演愈烈的啤酒市场竞争(含价格竞争)使啤酒生产企业更迫切地要求降低生产成本。原料来源广且价格低廉的小麦芽因此也逐渐成为啤酒生产企业降低成本的一种手段，而被用以取代部分大麦芽来酿造啤酒。我公司亦基于降低成本的目的在小麦芽替代部分大麦芽的啤酒生产应用方面进行了一些尝试，以验证其应用效果。