醇酸树脂中植物油快速分析法

采用PEG20M毛细管柱色谱质谱联用仪，对醇酸树脂水解甲酯化产物进行层析和质谱分析，结果表明：醇酸树脂水解产物与醇酸树脂所用植物油中的脂肪酸成分有良好的对应关系。植物油脂肪酸同分异构体得到较好的、快速的分离。总离子流图的分析时间在10min内，是一种快速分析方法，已应用于醇酸树脂的工业快速分析。     

苦石莲脂溶性成分的GC-MS分析

用石油醚萃取了苦石莲的95%乙醇提取物,通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对甲酯化后的萃取物和未甲酯化的萃取物中的化学成分进行分离分析,并用峰面积归一化法计算各成分相对含量.结果表明,共分离鉴定出25种化合物,苦石莲脂溶性成分主要为脂肪酸类、烯醛类、烃类及倍半萜类物质,其中所鉴定成分占总流出峰面积的93.082%...     

典型醇酸树脂合成中分子量分布的研究

醇酸树脂是迄今涂料工业中应用最广的合成树脂。过去对醇酸树脂分子量分布的研究曾作了种种尝试,通常采用萃取分级法和沉淀分级法。然而这两种方法均十分冗长,精度很差。近十多年来发展了快速的凝胶色谱法(GPC),用来研究高分子材料包括醇酸树脂的分子量分布。我们已建立了高效GPC测定醇酸树脂分子量分布的方法。本工作用高效GPC法、蒸气相渗透法、化学分析法、格氏管粘度法及高温细管粘度     

湘西桐油中脂肪酸的气相色谱-质谱法分析

用氢氧化钾－甲醇脂交换法快速甲酯化处理油样，以色谱－质谱－计算机联用仪对湘西桐油中脂肪酸的成分进行了分析，共鉴定出５种组分，分别是α－桐酸、β－桐酸、亚油酸、油酸、棕桐酸，其中桐酸含量高达７３．５％。     

珊瑚姜的超临界CO2萃取及其提取物GC/MS分析

用超临界CO2萃取技术对珊瑚姜进行提取分离,通过正交试验确定了最佳萃取工艺条件,即萃取时间150 min、萃取温度45℃、萃取流速20 L/h、萃取压力25 MPa.用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用仪对提取物成分进行了分析,共检测出38种化合物.超临界CO2萃取珊瑚姜方法简便、快速、高效,操作温度低,不破坏热敏性成分,无溶剂残留.     

脂肪酸生产废水中有机组分气相色谱分析

本文介绍了用气相色谱法分析脂肪酸生产废水中有机物的成分。采用一根2m的FFAP+APL/405白色载体色谱柱,在较低的柱温下对中性物进行分离,在两种柱温下用四甲基铵盐热解甲酯化法分离一元及二元羧酸。本法较方便地测出了废水中30多种有机组分的含量     

海南油棕果肉中脂肪酸的成分分析

用乙醚萃取海南油棕果肉中的油脂,油脂中的脂肪酸采用氢氧化钾-甲醇溶液进行甲酯化后,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC—MS）对其中的脂肪酸成分进行分析。结果分离鉴定出4种脂肪酸成分,它们分别是棕榈酸（45．62％）、油酸（37．70％）、亚油酸（8．39％）、硬脂酸（8．29％）。其中不饱和脂肪酸高达46％以上,有进一步开发利用的潜力。     

非离子改性水性醇酸树脂-丙烯酸树脂杂化体的制备及性能

首先用新戊二醇、间苯二甲酸–5–磺酸钠合成磺酸盐聚酯中间体,然后将其和非离子亲水单体（N120）、季戊四醇、豆油酸、邻苯二甲酸酐进行聚酯化反应合成水性醇酸树脂。再将水性醇酸树脂用丙烯酸酯单体进行自由基接枝聚合得到非离子改性水性醇酸树脂–丙烯酸树脂杂化体。用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、热重分析（TGA）对其结构进行了表征;探究了非离子亲水单体的用量、醇酸树脂分子量、油度、酸值对杂化体成膜性能和贮存稳定性的影响。结果显示：非离子亲水单体占水性醇酸树脂4%～8%（质量分数）、醇酸树脂分子量为2 200～2 500,油度为50%、杂化体酸值为10 mg KOH/g时制得的杂化体涂膜耐水性、干性、光泽及贮存稳定性最好。     

衍生气相色谱法测定土壤中残留水合肼

建立了气相色谱–氮磷检测器测定土壤中残留水合肼的方法。该法用丙酮作萃取剂和衍生化试剂,操作简单,可快速定量检测土壤中水合肼的残留量。该法检出限为0.024μg/mL,相对标准偏差接近于1%,加标回收率为98.0%~104.7%,准确度高,重复性好。     

GC／MS法测定五种生物柴油中脂肪酸甲酯的研究

选用菜籽油、葵花籽油、玉米油、棕桐油、麻疯果油快速甲酯化制得生物柴油,通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定5种生物柴油的脂肪酸甲酯成分及其含量,共分析鉴定了14种脂肪酸甲酯,发现5种生物柴油主要由油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸的甲酯组成,并比较分析了它们的异同点,提出了研究脂肪酸甲酯成分和含量对生物柴油理化性能指标影响的必要性.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.