Trace detection of Ce3+ by adsorption strip voltammetry at a carbon paste electrode modified with ion imprinted polymers

To develop a convenient method for sensitive and selective determination of Ce3+ in aqueous phase with complicated matrices, a carbon paste electrode(CPE) modified with ion imprinted polymers(IIPs) were fabricated. The polymers were prepared by precipitation polymerization using Ce3+ as template, allyl phenoxyacetate(APA) as monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate(EGDMA) as crosslinker and azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN) as initiator under the molar ratio of Ce3+, APA and EGDMA as 1:4:40, respectively. Ce~(3+) was detected directly by differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry(DPASV) and its oxidation peak appears at about 0.93 V. All parameters affecting the sensor's response are optimized and a calibration curve is plotted at a linear range of 1.0 × 10~(-6)-1.0 x 10~(-5) mol/L and 1.0×10~(-5)-2.0 × 10~(-4)mol/L with the detection limit of 1.5 × 10~(-7) mol/L. All other rare earth ions have no interference with the determination of Ce~(3+) even at a concentration 500 times higher than that of Ce~(3+).This sensor was successfully applied to determination of Ce~(3+) in two catalyst sample solutions with RSD≤3.3%(n = 5)and recoveries in the range of 99.2%-106.5% at our optimal conditions.     

Ce(Ⅲ)-modulation over non-enzymatic Pt/CeO2/GO biosensor with outstanding sensitivity and stability for lactic acid detection

A series of non-enzymatic graphene functionalized biosensors was developed via deposition precipitation method for lactic acid(LA) detection,which we re characterized by transmission electron micro scopy(TEM),Raman spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,liquid chromatography-mass spectro metry,and proton nuclear magnetic re sonance(¹H NMR).The electrochemical performances of the non-enzymatic biosensors were measured by means of the ele...     

Reaction between tetravalent cerium ion and chloride ion and effect of thiourea using cyclic voltammetry

To monitor the reaction between Ce⁴⁺ ion and Cl^– ion at the electron level, an electrochemical experiment was designed in this work. Herein, the intermediate and final products that may be produced during the redox reaction are directly tracked by using cyclic voltammetry, and the influences of Ce⁴⁺ ion concentration, temperature and F^– ion on the reduction peak potential of Ce⁴⁺ ion were investigated. The results show that Ce⁴⁺ ion reacts with Cl^– ion through an irreversible reaction without any intermediate products, and the rate-determining step of the reaction is diffusion during the electrode reaction. The effects of temperature (20–40 °C) and Ce⁴⁺ ion concentration (0.04–0.12 mol/L) on the reduction peak potential of Ce⁴⁺ ion can be ignored, but the higher the molar ratio of F^– to Ce⁴⁺ (0–3 mol/mol), the more easily the reduction of Ce⁴⁺ ion to Ce³⁺ ion occurs. Additionally, the Ce⁴⁺ ions are preferentially reduced by thiourea when thiourea is added in the HCl solution, and thiourea inhibits the oxidation of Cl^– ions to Cl₂ by forming a complex with Cl^– ions. This work provides a theoretical basis for the role of thiourea in inhibiting Cl₂ production and offers a new way to find new reductants.     

Study of K~+ doping on structure and properties of γ-Ce_2S_3

In this study,K~+-doped γ-Ce_2 S_3 was successfully prepared via a gas-solid reaction method using CeO_2,K_2 CO_3,and CS_2 as raw materials.The effects of the suitable sulfide system and different molar ratios of K to Ce(n_(K/Ce)=0-0.30) on the phase composition,crystal structure,chromaticity and thermal stability ofγ-Ce_2 S_3 were systematically investigated.Pure γ-Ce_2 S_3 was obtained by calcining the doped samples at840℃ for 150 min.After calcination at the same temperature the undoped K+samples exhibit a pure α-phase.Samples with a K/Ce molar ratio(n_(K/Ce)) of 0.10-0.25 comprise only the γ-phase;and when n_(K/Ce) exceeds 0.25,a new heterogeneous phase,KCeS_2,emerges.For values of n_(K/Ce) in the range of0-0.25,the γ-Ce_2 S_3 lattice parameters gradually increases with increasing K~+ content.When n_(K/Ce)exceedes 0.25,the lattice parameters remains unchanged.As n_(K/Ce) increased,the synthesized color gradually changes from red to orange—red and finally,to yellow.The redness value a~* reaches the maximum(L~*=33.86,a~*=36.68,b~*=38.15) when n_(K/Ce)=0.10,The n_(K/Ce)=0.10 composition continues to exhibit the y-phase after heat treatment at 420℃ for 10 min in air.The K+doping fills the internal vacancies of γ-Ce_2 S_3 and formed a solid solution,which is beneficial for the stability of its lattice,thus improving the thermal stability of γ-Ce_2 S_3(from 350 to 420℃).     

Structure regulation for ultra-high luminescence quantum yield lanthanide complex and simultaneous detection of cancer marker and ferrous ion

The exploitation of a highly selective and sensitive probe to detect both cancer marker and metal ion is of great importance.In this work,the "one stone two bird" agent of 1,10-phenanthroline(phen) is designed to disrupt the polymeric lanthanide MOFs(LnMOFs,[Ln(CHO_2)_3]n,Ln=Tb,la;Eu,1 b,CHO2=formic acid) {[Ln(CHO_2)_4·(C_2 H_8 N)]_n,Ln=Y,2 a;Gd,2 b;Dy,2 c,C_2 H_8 N=dimethylamine}) into a soluble mononuclear species [Ln(phen)2(NO_3)_3,Ln=Tb,3 a;Eu,3 b] as well as to provide an antenna for efficient photons absorption,resulting in an ultra-high luminescence quantum yield(QY,90%) europium complex.The luminescence QY is among the highest record of monomeric(zero-dimensional) lanthanide complexes.Furthermore,mononuclear Tb3+complex(3 a) functions as a multiplex sensor towards both Fe2+and cancer marker of 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid(5-HIAA).Importantly,the limit of detection(LOD)for sensing 5-HIAA is an ultra-sensitive value of 1 × 10 s mol/L,which is even lower than that necessary for the early diagnosis of carcinoid tumors.More interestingly,sensing results in simulated urine reveals that 3 a has potential application for early diagnosis in the clinic.     

Blue-emitting Sr_(1-x)Ca_xLu_2O_4:Ce~(3+) phosphors for high CRI white LEDs

A broadband blue-emitting Sr_(1-x)Ca_xLu_2 O_4:Ce~(3+)(x=0-0.2) phospho rs were synthesized,which can be used for near-UV pumped white light-emitting diodes(w-LEDs).The crystal structures,photoluminescence pro perties,external quantum efficiency,the rmal stability and application perfo rmance of Sr_(1-x)Ca_xLu_2 O_4:Ce~(3+),by partially substituting Sr~(2+) with Ca~(2+)(x=0-0.2),were studied by various analytical techniques.When the Ca/Sr ratio of Sr_(1-x)Ca_xLu_2 O_4:Ce~(3+) gradually increases,the emission peak of Sr_(1-x)Ca_xLu_2 O_4:Ce~(3+) red-shiftes from 459 to 465 nm,corrected external quantum efficiency increases from 31.8% to 42.9%,and the thermal stability is also improved.The mechanism of the changes of the photoluminescence emission and excitation spectra,external quantum efficiency and thermal stability properties was also investigated in detail.In addition,a w-LED was fabricated by using SrLu_2 O_4:Ce~(3+)(blue),β-sialon:Eu~(2+)(green) and(Sr,Ca)AlSiN_3:Eu~(2+)(red) phosphors combined with a 405 nm near-UV LED chip,and its color rendering index(CRI) reaches 96.0.When Sr_(0.8)Ca_(0.2)Lu_2 O_4:Ce~(3+)is applied as blue phosphor to substitute SrLu_2 O_4:Ce~(3+),the obtained w-LED devices have high luminous efficiency,and CRI greater than 95.0.These re sults show that the Sr_(1-x)Ca_xLu_2 O_4:Ce~(3+) can be potential blue phosphors for n-UV pumped high CRI w-LEDs application.     

Synthesis and optical properties of novel double perovskite Ca_2MgTeO_6:Dy~(3+),Na~+ phosphors for white LEDs

Novel yellow-emitting phosphors of Dy~(3+)-doped double perovskite Ca_2 MgTeO_6 were synthesized by using a conventional high-temperature solid-state reaction.The phase purity,particle morphology,size distribution,elemental composition,luminescence properties,and luminescence decay curves of the resulting products were then analyzed in detail.The Ca2 MgTeO_6:Dy~(3+),Na~+ phosphors show three emission peaks after near-ultraviolet excitation at 350 nm,which correspond to ~4 F_(9/2)→~6 H_(11/2),~4 F_(9/2)→~6 H_(13/2),and ~4 F_(9/2)→~6 H_(13/2) transitions,respectively.Among them,the strongest peak is observed at 573 nm.The best doping content of Dy~(3+)in Ca_2 MgTeO_6:xDy~(3+),xNa~+ phosphors is x=5 mol%.The calculated critical distance of energy transfer between Dy~(3+) ions is 1.6 nm.Luminescence quenching is confirmed to be due to dipole-dipole interactions among Dy~(3+) ions.The phosphors show excellent thermal stability with high activation energy(0.27 eV).The Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage(CIE) chromaticity coordinates of the Ca_2 MgTeO_6 Dy~(3+),Na~+ phosphors are located in the yellow region.White light-emitting diodes(w-LEDs) were fabricated with a high color rendering index(R_a) of 88 and a good correlated color temperature(CCT) of 5440 K.All observed properties indicate that Ca_2 MgTeO_6:Dy~(3+),Na~+ phosphors have potential applications in display and photonic devices.     

Tunable emission properties of tri-doped Ca_9LiY_(2/3)(PO_4)_7:Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+),Mn~(2+) phosphors with warm white emitting based on energy transfer

Tri-doped Ca_9 LiY_(2/3)(PO_4)_7:Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+),Mn~(2+)phosphors were prepared by a high-temperature solid state method.Under UV light excitation,Ca_9 LiY_(2/3)(PO_4)_7:Ce~(3+)samples exhibit a broad band ranging from 320 to 500 nm.At 77 K,the emission spectra of Ca_9 LiY_(2/3)(PO_4)7:Ce~(3+)samples present two obvious emission peaks,indicating that Ce~(3+)ions occupy two different kinds of lattice sites(Ca(1/2) and Ca(3)),As a good sensitizer for Tb~(3+),Ce~(3+)ions in Ca_9 LiY_(2/3)(PO_4)_7 lattice can effectively transfer part of energy to Tb~(3+),and the energy trans fer mechanism is determined to be dipole-dipole interaction.Consequently,the emitting color for Ce~(3+) and Tb~(3+) co-doped Ca_9 LiY_(2/3)(PO_4)_7 samples can be tuned from bluish violet to green.In order to further enlarge the emission gamut,Mn~(2+)ions as red emission components were added,forming tri-doped single-phase Ca_9 LiY_(2/3)(PO_4)_7:Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+),Mn~(2+)phosphors.The Ca_9 LiY_(2/3)(PO_4)_7:Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+),Mn~(2+)phosphors exhibit tunable emission properties through controlling the relative doping concentration of Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+)and Mn~(2+).Especially,Ca_9 LiY_(2/3)(PO_4)_7:0.09 Ce~(3+),0.12 Tb~(3+),0.30 Mn~(2+)can emit warm white light.The sample shows good thermal stability.At 150℃,the emission intensity for Ce~(3+)(360 nm),Tb~(3+)(545 nm) and Mn~(2+)(655 nm) decreases to 63%,69%,and 72% of its initial intensity,respectively.Moreover,the sample obtains good stability after 10 cycles between room temperature and150℃.     

酶催化分光荧光法测定环境水中痕量铬(Ⅵ)

铬（Ⅳ）对血红蛋白模拟酶催化荧光体系具有强烈的猝灭作用, 据此建立了一种酶催化分光荧光法测定铬（Ⅳ）的新方法。研究了溶液酸度、L-酪氨酸浓度、血红蛋白浓度、H₂O₂浓度及反应时间等因素对体系的影响。在pH10.4的NH₃·H₂O-NH₄Cl缓冲溶液中, 当L-酪氨酸、血红蛋白和H₂O₂的浓度分别为1.4×10^-4mol/L、1.0×10^-6mol/L和3.5×10^-5mol/L时, 测定铬（Ⅳ）的线性范围为2.0×10^-6～1.0×10^-4mol/L, 检出限为1.1×10^-8mol/L。1000倍NO₃^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺、K⁺、Cl^-、Br^-, 300倍PO₄^3-、Al³⁺、NH₄⁺, 50倍Mn²⁺、Mg²⁺、Fe²⁺、Cu²⁺, 1倍Fe³⁺对铬（Ⅳ）的测定没有干扰。干扰较大的Fe³⁺, 可加入过量的柠檬酸掩蔽。对浓度为4.8×10^-5mol/L的铬（Ⅳ）进行11次平行测定, 其相对标准偏差为2.8%。该法已成功地应用于环境水样中铬（Ⅳ）含量的测定。     

A novel fluorescent sensor for Al~(3+) and Zn~(2+) based on a new europium complex with a 1,10-phenanthroline ligand

A new europium complex Eu(tta)₃Li(la)based on 1,10-phenanthroline derivative(Li=(2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1 H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline),tta=2-thenoyItrifluoroacetone)was designed and synthesized.Its structure was characterized by¹H and¹³C NMR,elemental analysis,UV-vis,fluorescence spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction.The crystal of the complex la belongs to monoclinic system with the space group P2_1/n.The europium complex la in the solid and in the solution displays the typical emission of Eu(III)ion centered at 612 nm as a result of the electric dipole transition(⁵D₀-?⁷F₂).It exhibits high quantum yield(20.42%),long lifetime(0.29 ms)and good CIE color coordinate(0.67,0.33)in solid.In addition,the complex shows high sensitivity and selectivity towards Al³⁺and Zn²⁺in methanol solution which can be attributed to the Al³⁺/Zn²⁺cation instead of Eu³⁺in the complex la.The LODs for Al³⁺and Zn²⁺were calculated to be 5.880×10^-7and 7.678×10^-8mol/L,respectively.Besides,the additions of Al³⁺and Zn²⁺express remarkable color changes from red to bright blue and ivory that can be clearly observed by the naked eye respectively.     

BaEMg（BOa）2：Ce^3＋,Eu^2＋,Na^＋： A potential single-phased two colour borate phosphor for white light-emitting diodes

A two colour phosphor Ba 2 Mg(BO3)2:Ce3+,Eu2+,Na+ was synthesized using solid-state reaction method.Luminescence of Ba2Mg(BO3)2:Ce3+,Eu2+,Na+ showed 416 and 618 nm emission bands attributed to Ce3+ and Eu2+ emission, respectively. Energy transfer occurred from Ce3+ to Eu2+ through a significant overlap of Eu 2+ excitation spectrum with Ce3+ emission spectrum in Ba 2 Mg(BO3)2. They also showed that under the excitation of UV radiation, bluish or yellowish white light was generated by coupling a broad blue emission band and a red emission band.By combining with green phosphor, Ba2Mg(BO3 ):Ce3+,Eu2+,Na+ phosphor showed potential application for white light-emitting diodes (LEDs).     

A novel blue-purple Ce~(3+) doped whitlockite phosphor:Synthesis,crystal structure,and photoluminescence properties

At present,the rare earth(RE) ions doped phosphors have attracted more and more attention because of their excellent properties.In this paper,a series of novel blue-purple β-Ca_3(PO_4)_2:Ce~(3+) phosphors were synthesized by a high temperature solid phase method.The X-ray diffraction(XRD),infrared spectrum,energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra were used to investigate the crystal structure,composition and the luminescent properties of the resulting samples.The phosphor shows a strong absorption in the ultraviolet band.Under the excitation of 269 nm,the phosphor emits a strong purple fluorescence ranging from 360 to 520 nm.When Ce~(3+) doping content is 0.07 mol,the strongest luminescence intensity is reached,and the concentration quenching mechanism is dipole-dipole(d-d)interaction for Ce~(3+) based on Dexter theory.     

Optical studies of Y_3(Al,Ga)_5O_(12):Ce~(3+),Cr~(3+),Nd~(3+) nano-phosphors obtained by the Pechini method

The Y3(AI,Ga)_5O_(12):Ce~(3+),Cr~(3+),Nd~(3+)(YAGG) nano-phosphors with homogeneous particle-size distribution,low aggregation and average crystalline size of about 65 nm were obtained using a modified Pechini method.Only slight aggregation of the crystallites occurs after post-annealing at 1100℃.The intense Ce~(3+)bands in the excitation spectra of the Ce~(3+),Cr~(3+),Nd~(3+)co-doped materials monitoring the Cr~(3+) emission at 690 nm indicate energy transfer from Ce~(3+) to Cr~(3+).Weak Nd~(3+) lines are observed,as well.In addition,the emission of Nd~(3+)at 1060 nm with excitation of Ce~(3+) and Cr~(3+) confirms the Ce~(3+)/Cr~(3+)to Nd~(3+)energy transfer.The short average luminescence decay times for the Ce~(3+) emission indicate the Ce~(3+)/Cr~(3+)to Nd~(3+)energy transfer.Eventually,the Y_3(AI,Ga)_5O_(12):Ce~(3+),Cr~(3+),Nd~(3+) nano-phosphors exhibit persistent luminescence originating from the 4f~3→4f~3 transitions of Nd~(3+) which matches well to the first biological window to be used in bioimaging applications.     

Luminescence properties of a single-host phosphor Bal.8-wSrwLi0.4SiO4： cea＋,Eu2＋,Mn2＋ for WLED

In order to obtain a single-host-white-light phosphor,a series of Ba1.8-w-x-y-zSrwLi0.4-xCexEuyMnzSiO4(BSLS:Ce3+,Eu2+,Mn2+)powder samples were synthesized via high temperature solid-state reaction.The structure and photoluminescence properties were investigated.Under ultraviolet excitation,the emission spectra contained three bands:the 370-470 nm blue band,the 470-570 nm green band and the 570-700 nm red band,which arose from the 5d→4f transitions of Ce3+ and Eu2+,and the 4T1→6A1 transition of Mn2+,respectively.The excitation spectra of the emissions of Ce3+ and Mn2+ ions showed the energy transfer from Ce3+ to Mn2+.White light emission was obtained from the tri-doped samples of appropriate doping concentration under 310-360 nm excitation.     

Tunable emission,energy transfer and thermal stability of Ce3+, Tb3+ co-doped Na2BaCa(PO4)2 phosphors

A series of single Ce³⁺ doped and Ce³⁺ and Tb³⁺ co-doped Na₂BaCa(PO₄)₂ (NBCP) phosphors was synthesized by conventional solid-stated reaction method. The crystal structure, luminescence properties, thermal stability and energy transfer were carefully investigated. Ce³⁺ is inferred to substitute the Ba²⁺ site in NBCP lattice. The color-tunable emission from blue to green is observed by adjusting Tb³⁺ concentration among NBCP:0.03Ce³⁺,yTb³⁺ phosphors. The energy transfer behavior from Ce³⁺ to Tb³⁺ ions is both illustrated by co-doped PL spectra and decay curves. The energy transfer efficiency is as high as 91.5%. The mechanism of energy transfer is resonance type of dipole-dipole transition. In this work, the optimal phosphor exhibits the excellent thermal stability which keeps at 94.9% of that initial value at room temperature when temperature reaches to 150 °C. The Ce³⁺ and Tb³⁺ co-doped NBCP phosphor is a promising candidate for the application in the general lighting and display fields.     

Fine controllable blue emission and its mechanism in Ce3+-doped orthosilicate solid solution phosphors for different plant growths

The designed Ce~(3+)-doped alkaline-earth silicate phosphors Ca_mSr_(2-m-n)Ba_nSiO_4:Ce~(3+),Li~+(CSBS:Ce~(3+))were synthesized by a high temperature solid-state reaction. The crystal field splitting and the centroid shift from the free ion energy of 5 d configuration were approximated from the spectrum for Ca_2SiO_4,Sr_2SiO_4 and Ba_2SiO_4 phosphors. The single-phase purity was checked by means of X-ray diffraction. Here,when the doped concentration of Ca~(2+) is less than 80%(m ≤1.6), we report the structural phase transformation from monoclinic system β-Ca_2SiO_4 to orthorhombic system α-Ca_2SiO_4. The phosphors excited by near-ultraviolet(NUV) light at wavelengths ranging from 200 to 400 nm demonstrate a broad asymmetric blue emission band. The emission peak wavelength redshifts firstly from 417 nm of Ca_2SiO_4 to 438 nm of Sr_(0.3)Ca_(1.6)SiO_4, and then blueshifts to 411 nm of Sr_2SiO_4, and the end of 401 nm of Ba_2SiO_4.These results indicate that the tunable blue-emission of the phosphors can be realized through changing the solid solution components, which has a potential use as a blue component for fabricated precision modulation LEDs light sources and auxiliaries of SSC plastics films for different plant growths.We discuss in detail the possible mechanism and energy diagram of the tunable blue luminescence in Ca_mSr_(2-m-n)Ba_nSiO_4:Ce~(3+),Li~+ phosphors.     

Enhanced afterglow performance of CaAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Nd~(3+) phosphors by co-doping Gd~(3+)

In order to effectively improve the afterglow properties of CaAl_2 O_4:Eu~(2+),Nd~(3+) phosphors,a series of Ca_(0.982-x)Al_2 O_4:0.012 Eu~(2+),0.006 Nd~(3+),xGd~(3+)(x=0,0.012,0.024,0.036,0.048,0.060 mol) phosphors were prepared by a high-temperature solid-phase approach.Crystalline composition and microstructure were characterized by XRD,TEM,HRTEM,and XPS,luminescence properties were systematically analyzed by fluorescence spectra,afterglow decay curves and TL glow curve.Results show that all of Ca_(0.982-x)Al_2 O_4:0.012 Eu~(2+),0.006 Nd~(3+),xGd~(3+)phosphors belong to monoclinic CaAl_2 O_4,without other cystalline phase.The blue emission at 442 nm is observed,which is assigned to the 4 f~65 d→4 f~7 transition of Eu~(2+) ions.Doping with appropriate amount of Gd~(3+) ions(x=0.036 mol) significantly improves the afterglow properties of phosphors,but the excessive doping of Gd~(3+) induces the fluorescent quenching.The doping of moderate Gd3+changes the traps states,the trap depth varies from 0.598 to 0.644 eV and the trap concentration is also greatly improved,thus significantly improving afterglow performance.     

Fabrication of wide temperature lanthanum and cerium doped Cu/TNU-9 catalyst with excellent NH3-SCR performance and outstanding SO2+H2O tolerance

The effects of La on the catalytic performance,SO₂ and H2O resistance of Cu-Ce/TNU-9 catalyst were studied in the selective catalytic reduction of NO_x via ammonia(NH₃-SCR).The results show that the La doped Ce-Cu/TNU-9(CCL/T9) catalyst exhibits better SCR performance than Ce-Cu/TNU-9(CC/T9) and Cu/TNU-9(C/T9) in the wide temperature window(200-450 ℃) due to La benefiting from enhancing Cu⁺+Ce⁴⁺?Cu²⁺-+Ce³⁺ to facilitate ...     

Synthesis and luminescence properties of novel Ce3+-doped Yb3Al5–xGaxO12 garnets with very fast decay time

A novel series of Ce~(3+)-doped Yb_3 Al_(5-x)Ga_xO_(12)(x = 0, 1,2, 3,4, 5) powders of ytterbium aluminum gallium garnets were synthesized by high temperature solid-state reaction in a carbon reducing atmosphere. The ytterbium aluminum garnets were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, photoluminescence spectra and decay curves. Moreover, the substitution effect for the Al~(3+) sites with Ga~(3+) in 0.5 at%Ce:Yb_3 Al_(5-x)Ga_xO_(12)(x = 0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5) garnets were discussed. With the increase of Ga~(3+) ion concentration, the visible absorption peaks within 400-450 nm have blue shift phenomenon,while the absorption peaks in the range of 330-350 nm and the absorption band edge red shifts.Furthermore, the short decay times are very short with less than 10 ns due to the Yb~(3+) + Ce~(3+)→ Yb~(2+) + Ce~(4+) electron transfer reaction.     

Site occupation and energy transfer in full color emitting phosphor Ba2Ca(BO3)2:Ce3+(K+),Eu2+,Mn2+

White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) fabricated by single-phase full color emitting phosphor are an emerging solution for health lighting. The crystallographic site occupation of activators in a proper host lattice is crucial for sophisticated design of such phosphor. Here, we report a high quality white light-emitting phosphor Ba₂Ca(BO₃)₂:Ce³⁺(K⁺),Eu²⁺,Mn²⁺ with spectral distribution covering whole visible region. Blue light emission originates from Ce³⁺ ions occupying preferentially Ba²⁺ site by controlling synthesis conditions. Green and red lights are obtained from Eu²⁺ occupying Ba²⁺ (and Ca²⁺) site and Mn²⁺ occupying Ca²⁺ site, respectively. In this triple-doped phosphor, strong red emission with a low concentration of Mn²⁺ is realized by the efficient energy transfer from Ce³⁺ and Eu²⁺ to Mn²⁺. Furthermore, high quality white light is accomplished by properly tuning the relative doping amount of Ce³⁺(K⁺)/Eu²⁺/Mn²⁺ based on efficient simultaneous energy transfer. The results indicate that Ba₂Ca(BO₃)₂:Ce³⁺(K⁺),Eu²⁺,Mn²⁺ is a promising white light-emitting phosphor in WLEDs application.