大型燃气轮机联合循环发电厂余热锅炉优化设计的几个问题探讨

本文叙述了燃气－蒸汽联合循环发电厂余热锅炉的特点和设计中应注意的问题，指出在烟气流量、烟气温度、工质参数基本相近条件下，因采用标准、技术规范、技术参数不同，锅炉受热面耗材差异较大；提出这种设计技术的差距不但会反映在制造成本中，而且最终还将反映到产品使用性能上。     

联合循环中的余热锅炉

燃气轮机的联合循环充分考虑了能量的品位，具有很高的联合效率。余热锅炉作为广泛的余热回收装置，处于燃气轮机和下游设备之间，起着承上启下的作用。本文基于相关的研究成果，对余热锅炉进行了探讨。     

降低联合循环电厂余热锅炉排烟温度的措施

针对某工程西门子SGT5-2000E燃气轮机,余热锅炉采用双压蒸汽循环系统,优化蒸汽参数,降低低压节点温差,余热锅炉尾部设热水加热器,回收利用烟气余热,通过以上措施,余热锅炉排烟温度降到90℃以下。     

联合循环中余热锅炉及其热力特性分析

本文基于相关的研究成果，研讨联合循环中的余锅炉，侧重其热力特性，类型、提高性能的途径、变工况特性以及基本设计原则等。     

联合循环余热锅炉蒸汽参数的优化分析

对双压再热余热锅炉的蒸汽参数进行了优化研究，计算归纳了最优化的蒸汽压力、蒸汽流量以及Yong回收量随余热锅炉进口燃气参数的变化规律。其结果对联合循环余热锅炉优化设计具有理论意义和价值。     

大型燃机联合循环余热锅炉的发展

预测了大型燃机联合循环的发展趋势,指出发展大型燃机联合循环余热锅炉的重要性,分析几种大型燃机联合循环余热锅炉的技术特点,发展大型燃机了联合循环余热锅炉应坚持国产化道路。     

联合循环余热锅炉停备用保养方法的探讨

电厂热力设备的腐蚀问题直接关系到运行的安全及设备的寿命．对于防腐蚀问题。在设备运行阶段往往为人们所重视，其措施也较易实现；在设备停用期间往往被人忽视，但其腐蚀较运行阶段更严重、更危险．本文结合我厂设备停用期间所采取的方法对防腐问题进行讨论．     

联合循环电站中余热锅炉主要参数的计算与选择

结合PG9171(E)燃气轮机的排气参数，对联合循环电站(S109E)中余热锅炉参数的选取进行计算，并运行这些计算结果与常规火电机组相应的参数进行对比分析，给出余热锅炉参数的选择建议。     

大型天然气发电工程主机选用及配置

介绍了浙江半山天然气发电工程采用三套350MW级燃气—蒸汽联合循环发电机组，每套机组有四大主机：燃气轮机(GT)、余热锅炉(HRSG)、汽轮机(ST)及发电机(G)。由于气价较高，确定采用F级燃机及相应的余热锅铲与汽轮机；对主机配置进行比选，确定每套机组由一台F级燃机、一台余热锅铲、一台汽轮机组成单轴系统(燃机、汽轮机与发电机同轴)。     

燃气-蒸汽联合循环余热锅炉技术研究现状

燃气-蒸汽联合循环技术发展迅速,余热锅炉处于燃气轮机和蒸汽轮机之间,是燃气-蒸汽联合循环电站的三大主要设备之一。论述了国内外关于余热锅炉在受热面布置、烟气流动特性、热力参数优化、快速启停和变工况运行等方面的研宛现状,并指出了其中的不足。对联合循环余热锅炉的研宛开发和优化谩计有一定的参考意义。     

CCPP余热锅炉入口烟道烟气流动的数值模拟研究

燃气-蒸汽联合循环（CCPP）余热锅炉入口过渡烟道连接着燃气轮机与锅炉本体,其结构参数影响着余热锅炉炉内气体流动及换热,进而影响循环机组的效率。以某9F级CCPP系统135 MW的余热锅炉入口烟道为研究对象,利用数值模拟方法针对上仰角及导流板对烟道内部流场的影响进行了研究,分析了气体流动平均速度及流动均匀性。结果表明：当烟道上顶面第1段上仰角α₁不变、烟道上顶面第2段上仰角α₂减小时,烟道底部高速区范围减小,上部回流区变大,平均速度减小,流动均匀性变差;当α₁减小、α₂不变时,结论刚好相反。α₁=30°,α₂=70°的方案为最佳方案,该结构下烟气平均速度较初始方案提高1.87%。导流板设置可以极大增加烟气的平均流速,增加流动均匀性;导流板角度为30°,25°和20°的烟道结构为最佳方案,该烟道内烟气平均速度较原方案提高48.15%。     

Transient thermal modelling of heat recovery steam generators in combined cycle power plants

Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is a major component of a combined cycle power plant (CCPP). This equipment is particularly subject to severe thermal stress especially during cold start‐up period. Hence, it is important to predict the operational parameters of HRSGs such as temperature of steam, water, hot gas and tube metal of heating elements as well as pressure change in drums during transient and steady‐state operation. These parameters may be used for estimating thermal and mechanical stresses which are important in HRSG design and operation. In this paper, the results of a developed thermal model for predicting the working conditions of HRSG elements during transient and steady‐state operations are reported. The model is capable of analysing arbitrary number of pressure levels and any number of elements such as superheater, evaporator, economizer, deaerator, desuperheater, reheater, as well as duct burners. To assess the correct performance of the developed model two kinds of data verification were performed. In the first kind of data verification, the program output was compared with the measured data collected from a cold start‐up of an HRSG at Tehran CCPP. The variations of gas, water/steam and metal temperatures at various sections of HRSG, and pressure in drums were among the studied parameters. Mean differences of about 3.8% for temperature and about 9.2% for pressure were observed in this data comparison. In the second kind of data verification, the steady‐state numerical output of the model was checked with the output of the well‐known commercial software. An average difference of about 1.5% was found between the two latter groups of data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Exergy analysis of a 420 MW combined cycle power plant

Combined cycle power plants (CCPPs) have an important role in power generation. The objective of this paper is to evaluate irreversibility of each part of Neka CCPP using the exergy analysis. The results show that the combustion chamber, gas turbine, duct burner and heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) are the main sources of irreversibility representing more than 83% of the overall exergy losses. The results show that the greatest exergy loss in the gas turbine occurs in the combustion chamber due to its high irreversibility. As the second major exergy loss is in HRSG, the optimization of HRSG has an important role in reducing the exergy loss of total combined cycle. In this case, LP‐SH has the worst heat transfer process. The first law efficiency and the exergy efficiency of CCPP are calculated. Thermal and exergy efficiencies of Neka CCPP are 47 and 45.5% without duct burner, respectively. The results show that if the duct burner is added to HRSG, these efficiencies are reduced to 46 and 44%. Nevertheless, the results show that the CCPP output power increases by 7.38% when the duct burner is used. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于传热性能变化的余热锅炉故障诊断及应用

以某电厂PG9171E燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组余热锅炉系统为研究对象,根据机组的热平衡图数据以及余热锅炉受热面的传热机理建立变工况模型,定义受热面的性能退化系数,建立故障诊断模型。利用建立的计算模型与故障数据计算出的结果,对机组低压汽水系统的异常现象进行分析诊断,可以明确看出低压蒸发系统出现异常。现场停机检查结果发现问题为低压汽包内部件脱落,导致汽水分离效果差,与理论分析结果一致,验证了计算模型的正确性。     

Effects of ambient conditions on the thermodynamic performance of hybrid nuclear‐combined cycle power plant

This paper provides a theoretical study of the effects of ambient conditions on the thermodynamic performance of a hybrid combined‐nuclear cycle power plant. The operational parameters investigated are based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, which include the ambient air temperature and ambient relative humidity (Φ). The results obtained for the gas turbine model are shown to agree very well with operational data from the Al‐Zour Emergency power plant in Kuwait. The ambient temperature was studied within the range of 0–55 °C. The analysis shows that the ambient air temperature has strong effects on plant performance and that operating the system at a high temperature will degrade the performance. Power output is reduced when the temperature is above the standard ambient temperature of 15 °C, and this loss rate is about 17% at 55 °C. The effect of ambient relative humidity (Φ) becomes significant only at higher temperatures. The ambient temperature has a large effect on the exergy destruction of the heat recovery steam generator exhaust, but it has little effect on other components of the plant. The analysis also indicates that reducing the temperature from 55 to 15 °C could help decrease the total exergy destruction of the plant by only 2%. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论余热锅炉型联合循环中三压无再热的余热锅炉之特性与汽轮机特性的优化匹配问题

推导了三压无再热的余热锅炉排气温度tA2的计算关系式,并探讨了各种因素对tA2的影响。在此基础上研究了余热锅炉的当量效率ηh与汽轮机循环有效效率ηst之间的优化匹配关系。由此可以来优化选择汽轮机的主蒸汽、中压蒸汽与低压蒸汽的压力和温度参数。     

Influence of the heat recovery steam generator design parameters on the thermoeconomic performances of combined cycle gas turbine power plants

This paper proposes a methodology to identify the most relevant design parameters that impact on the thermal efficiency and the economic results of combined cycle gas turbine power plants. The analysis focuses on the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) design and more specifically on those operating parameters that have a direct influence on the economic results of the power plant. These results are obtained both at full and part load conditions using a dedicated code capable of simulating a wide number of different plant configurations. Two different thermoeconomic models aimed to select the best design point are proposed and compared: the first one analyzes the generating cost of the energy while the second one analyzes the annual cash flow of the plant. Their objective is to determine whether an increase in the investment in order to improve the thermal efficiency is worth from an economic point of view. Both models and the different HRSG configurations analysed are compared in the results section. Some parametric analysis show how the design parameters might be varied in order to improve the power plant efficiency or the economic results. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

利用燃气—蒸汽联合循环改造老电厂

利用燃气－蒸汽联合循环对老电厂进行改造,能够提高能源的综合使用率,降低能耗,并有效利用老电厂的现有设备,可以减少投资并见效快,文章对利用燃气－蒸汽联合循环对老电厂进行改造的主要方式和热效率进行了分析。