复杂光照条件下的多姿状鲁棒性人脸识别方法

为改善复杂光照条件下的多姿状鲁棒性人脸识别的效果,提出了小波变换与LBP的多姿状鲁棒性人脸识别方法.通过二维离散小波变换对人脸图像进行二级小波分解提取到低频特征信息分量,并以重构初始图像的方式实现降噪滤波处理,滤除低频光照分量后完成复杂光照补偿;继续分解复杂光照补偿后的图像,采用LBP算子对子图像的鲁棒性部分纹理特征进...     

一种消除光照影响的人脸识别方法

光照变化容易使人脸图像的灰度分布不均匀,造成局部对比度差别较大,影响人脸识别的效果。为此本文首先分别对人脸图像进行直方图均衡化和对数变换,接着将处理后的图像进行融合,然后运用PCA算法对人脸图像进行特征提取,最后采用三阶近邻分类法来实现人脸识别。通过对Yale、ORL和FERET人脸库的仿真实验结果表明,该方法在人脸图像光照变化的情况下,能够较好地改善人脸补偿的效果,具有较高的平均识别正确率。     

An LBP-based multi-scale illumination preprocessing method for face recognition

It is one of the major challenges for face recognition to minimize the disadvantage of il- lumination variations of face images in different scenarios. Local Binary Pattern (LBP) has been proved to be successful for face recognition. However, it is still very rare to take LBP as an illumination preprocessing approach. In this paper, we propose a new LBP-based multi-scale illumination pre- processing method. This method mainly includes three aspects: threshold adjustment, multi-scale addition and symmetry re...     

On the use of phase of the Fourier transform for face recognition under variations in illumination

In this paper, we propose a representation of the face image based on the phase of the 2-D Fourier transform of the image to overcome the adverse effect of illumination. The phase of the Fourier transform preserves the locations of the edges of a given face image. The main problem in the use of the phase spectrum is the need for unwrapping of the phase. The problem of unwrapping is avoided by considering two functions of the phase spectrum rather than the phase directly. Each of these functions gives partial evidence of the given face image. The effect of noise is reduced by using the first few eigenvectors of the eigenanalysis on the two phase functions separately. Experimental results on combining the evidences from the two phase functions show that the proposed method provides an alternative representation of the face images for dealing with the issue of illumination in face recognition.     

Supervised within-class-similar discriminative dictionary learning for face recognition

The current study puts forward a supervised within-class-similar discriminative dictionary learning (SCDDL) algorithm for face recognition. Some popular discriminative dictionary learning schemes for recognition tasks always incorporate the linear classification error term into the objective function or make some discriminative restrictions on representation coefficients. In the presented SCDDL algorithm, we propose to directly restrict the representation coefficients to be similar within the same class and simultaneously include the linear classification error term in the supervised dictionary learning scheme to derive a more discriminative dictionary for face recognition. The experimental results on three large well-known face databases suggest that our approach can enhance the fisher ratio of representation coefficients when compared with several dictionary learning algorithms that incorporate linear classifiers. In addition, the learned discriminative dictionary, the large fisher ratio of representation coefficients and the simultaneously learned classifier can improve the recognition rate compared with some state-of-the-art dictionary learning algorithms.     

适用于彩色图像人脸识别的字典学习算法

现有的基于稀疏表示的人脸识别算法在识别前需要将彩色人脸图像转换成灰度人脸图像,这样虽然提高了运算速度,但忽视了不同色彩通道数据本身所包含的信息及它们之间的相关性。为了利用不同通道间相关性,基于标签一致的K奇异值分解（ LC-KSVD)字典学习算法,提出了一种适用于彩色图像人脸识别的字典学习算法。该算法将RGB通道数据顺序排列成列向量,并在稀疏编码的环节中,对正交匹配追踪（ OMP)算法的内积计算准则进行修正,以此提高字典原子的色彩表达能力。在彩色人脸数据库上进行实验,结果表明：所提出的字典学习算法能够有效地提高识别率。     

具有学习功能的自动人脸识别

人脸识别是模式识别领域中一个相当困难而又有理论意义和实际价值的研究课题。传统的基于K－L变换的自动人脸识别方法,不用过多地考虑人脸的局部特征,利用特征脸方法进行识别,取得了一定的。但是,人脸作为一个特殊的场景,脸像会受年龄、心情、拍摄角度、光照条件、发饰等因素影响,所成图像存在差异。传统的基于K－L变换的自动人脸识别方法不能很好地克服这些畸变的影响。文中就主成分分析方法引入人脸识别,模拟人脸脸像的各种变化,事先对脸像做相应的变化,产生一系列变形脸。然后对变形脸进行主成分分析,提取它们的主成分。最后应用遗传算法选择最优特征向量构造子空间,提出一种能抗御一定脸像变化的人脸识别方法,并运用该方法进行了实验。实验结果证明了该方法的可行性和良好的抗畸变能力。     

面向人脸识别的复杂光照下图像细节增强算法

为了提高在光照过度、不足或不均等复杂光照条件下的人脸识别率,提出一种复杂光照条件的人脸图像细节强化算法。首先采用对数和非线性变换对人脸图像动态范围进行压缩;然后利用反锐化掩模滤波算法消除图像模糊,增强人脸图像细节信息;最后采用Adaboost算法建立人脸分类器,并采用Yale B人脸图像数据进行仿真测试。仿真结果表明,该算法解决了复杂光照条件对人脸图像的不利影响,并进一步提高了人脸识别率。     

Multi-manifold metric learning for face recognition based on image sets

In this paper, we propose a new multi-manifold metric learning (MMML) method for the task of face recognition based on image sets. Different from most existing metric learning algorithms that learn the distance metric for measuring single images, our method aims to learn distance metrics to measure the similarity between manifold pairs. In our method, each image set is modeled as a manifold and then multiple distance metrics among different manifolds are learned. With these distance metrics, the intra-class manifold variations are minimized and inter-class manifold variations are maximized simultaneously. For each person, we learn a distance metric by using such a criterion that all the learned distance metrics are person-specific and thus more discriminative. Our method is extensively evaluated on three widely studied face databases, i.e., Honda/UCSD database, CMU MoBo database and YouTube Celebrities database, and compared to the state-of-the-arts. Experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Deep low-rank feature learning and encoding for cross-age face recognition

Cross-age face recognition (CAFR) is a challenging task, due to significant intra-personal variations. Furthermore, the training and testing data may contain random noise components. To address these issues, this paper proposes a deep low-rank feature learning and encoding method. Firstly, our method employs manifold learning in the low-rank optimization, which preserves the global and local structure of the data samples, while learning the clean low-rank features. Secondly, we encode the low-rank features using our locality-constrained feature encoding method, which learns an age-insensitive codebook from training data, and enables the intra-class samples to share the same local bases in a codebook. In the testing stage, the gallery and probe features are encoded by the learned codebook, which represents the images of the same identity by similar codewords for recognition. Furthermore, the periocular region of human faces is investigated for CAFR. Extensive experiments on five datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.     

Automatic lip localization under face illumination with shadow consideration

Lip-reading has potential attractive applications in information security, speech recognition, secret communication and so forth. To build an automatic lip-reading system, one key issue is how to locate the lip region, particularly under the changing illumination condition. Empirical studies have shown that the recognition rate of a lip-reading system greatly relies on the accuracy of the lip localization. Unfortunately, to the best of our knowledge, lip localization under face illumination with shadow consideration has not been well solved yet. Moreover, this problem is also one of the major obstacles to keeping an automatic lip-reading system from the practical applications. This paper therefore concentrates on this problem and proposes a new approach to obtain the minimum enclosing rectangle surround of a mouth automatically based upon the transformed gray-level image. In this approach, a pre-processing is firstly made to reduce the interference caused by shadow and enhance the boundary region of lip, through which the left and right mouth corners are estimated. Then, by building a binary sequence based on the gray-level values along with the vertical midline of mouth, the top and bottom crucial points can be estimated. Experiments show the promising result of the proposed approach in comparison with the existing methods.     

小波核极限学习机在人脸识别中的应用

文章提出了一种基于小波核极限学习机(Wavelet Kernel Extreme Learning Machine,WK-ELM)的人脸识别算法。首先,使用2D盖博小波变换对人脸图片进行初步的人脸特征提取。为了从所有提取的特征中选择出与人脸识别相关的、必要的特征,使用主成分分析法(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)对经过初步处理后的图像再进行进一步处理,有效地降低了特征维数。然后使用小波核极限学习机对提取到的图像进行分类。实验证明,小波核极限学习机不仅识别性能高,而且训练速度也优于其他算法。     

An appearance model constructed on 3-D surface for robust face recognition against pose and illumination variations

We propose a face recognition method that is robust against image variations due to arbitrary lighting and a large extent of pose variations, ranging from frontal to profile views. Existing appearance models defined on image planes are not applicable for such pose variations that cause occlusions and changes of silhouette. In contrast, our method constructs an appearance model of a three-dimensional (3-D) object on its surface. Our proposed model consists of a 3-D shape and geodesic illumination bases (GIBs). GIBs can describe the irradiances of an object's surface under any illumination and generate illumination subspace that can describe illumination variations of an image in an arbitrary pose. Our appearance model is automatically aligned to the target image by pose optimization based on a rough pose, and the residual error of this model fitting is used as the recognition score. We tested the recognition performance of our method with an extensive database that includes 14 000 images of 200 individuals with drastic illumination changes and pose variations up to 60/spl deg/ sideward and 45/spl deg/ upward. The method achieved a first-choice success ratio of 94.2% without knowing precise poses a priori.     

Eigenface-domain super-resolution for face recognition

Face images that are captured by surveillance cameras usually have a very low resolution, which significantly limits the performance of face recognition systems. In the past, super-resolution techniques have been proposed to increase the resolution by combining information from multiple images. These techniques use super-resolution as a preprocessing step to obtain a high-resolution image that is later passed to a face recognition system. Considering that most state-of-the-art face recognition systems use an initial dimensionality reduction method, we propose to transfer the super-resolution reconstruction from pixel domain to a lower dimensional face space. Such an approach has the advantage of a significant decrease in the computational complexity of the super-resolution reconstruction. The reconstruction algorithm no longer tries to obtain a visually improved high-quality image, but instead constructs the information required by the recognition system directly in the low dimensional domain without any unnecessary overhead. In addition, we show that face-space super-resolution is more robust to registration errors and noise than pixel-domain super-resolution because of the addition of model-based constraints.     

结合深度Q学习和注意模型的视频人脸识别

针对视频人脸识别中存在的动态人脸信息捕捉困难和局部人脸特征提取粗糙的问题,提出了一种基于深度Q学习和注意模型结合的视频人脸识别方法。首先,采用卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN)训练视频数据可提取多维特征;其次,将视频特征输入注意模型,根据视频数据时间连续性信息得到局部人脸特征、人脸位置和时间记忆单元;最后,采用Q学习迭代计算注意模型的输出,找到含人脸的最优帧序列,并以此计算视频匹配准确度。实验结果表明,该方法有效提高了复杂背景下视频人脸识别的准确性。     

字典学习优化结合HMAX模型的鲁棒人脸识别

针对人脸识别中由于姿态、光照等变化而影响识别性能的问题,提出了字典学习优化结合HMAX模型的人脸识别方法。首先,使用样本图像和从样本获得的仿射包模型联合表示一幅图像;然后,利用HMAX模型提取C2特征,并利用字典学习优化特征矩阵;最后,将视觉注意模型与原始模型的C2特征进行组合,并利用支持向量机完成分类。在Caltech和AR人脸数据库上的实验结果表明,相比其他几种较新的人脸识别方法,提出的方法取得了更好的识别性能,对人脸表情和光照变化具有鲁棒性。     

Background learning for robust face recognition with PCA in the presence of clutter.

We propose a new method within the framework of principal component analysis (PCA) to robustly recognize faces in the presence of clutter. The traditional eigenface recognition (EFR) method, which is based on PCA, works quite well when the input test patterns are faces. However, when confronted with the more general task of recognizing faces appearing against a background, the performance of the EFR method can be quite poor. It may miss faces completely or may wrongly associate many of the background image patterns to faces in the training set. In order to improve performance in the presence of background, we argue in favor of learning the distribution of background patterns and show how this can be done for a given test image. An eigenbackground space is constructed corresponding to the given test image and this space in conjunction with the eigenface space is used to impart robustness. A suitable classifier is derived to distinguish nonface patterns from faces. When tested on images depicting face recognition in real situations against cluttered background, the performance of the proposed method is quite good with fewer false alarms.     

单幅图像的深度标签流形学习

图像中背景与前景对象的空间位置决定了场景在图像中的相对深度,利用图像的局部特征相似性和流形结构的降维性能,并应用salient区域DCT高频系数分布的深度排序索引性能,定义出图像深度的马尔科夫概率图模型MRF。通过划分场景对象检测salient区域模糊度,最后估计得出图像场景的相对深度图。通过学习图像数据的流形嵌入对数据流形分布概率密度函数进行迁移,得出遵循相似流形分布的对象特征类别标记概率密度分布。进一步检测空间变化salient区的模糊程度,融合多尺度梯度幅度的高频离散余弦变换DCT系数特征,依据模糊变化高频特征计算深度标记索引确定深度标签的层级次序,融合类别标签以生成深度图。这种模型框架下检测单个图像中模糊和未模糊的区域,可获得图像中场景的相对深度,而无需了解相机设置或模糊类型的先验参数。在典型的深度图估计数据集中应用MRF深度图模型评测图像的深度估计性能,实验结果给出该方法在检测场景分布和划分场景深度次序上的准确率,验证了方法的有效性。     

不同光照下的绝缘子串劣化灰度图像识别方法

作为故障多发元件的绝缘子串,其劣化严重影响输电线路安全,为此提出基于无人机搭载红外传感器下的绝缘子串劣化灰度图像识别方法,提升不同光照条件下的绝缘子串劣化图像识别效果。采用无人机搭载红外传感器采集绝缘子串图像,通过灰度级线性变换对图像进行增强,提高图像中绝缘子串与背景之间对比度,利用开闭运算去除增强后图像中非必要存在区域。根据图像二值化变换特征,利用连通区域标记法提取完整绝缘子串图像,采用Hough变换求取绝缘子串倾斜角度,经水平校正及定位后完成绝缘子串劣化灰度图像识别。经实验验证:该方法在不同光照条件下,绝缘子串劣化灰度图像识别效果较好,具有实用性。