基于网格的电子商务安全结构

通过一个示例介绍了网格及其性能特征，以及网格的安全需求、两种基本的安全结构和网格安全中的关键技术；其次通过对电子商务的安全需求的分析，基于OGSA安全体系结构和多级代理链的思想，给出了基于网格的电子商务安全结构，并对其安全性能进行了分析。     

网格环境下信任体系结构建模

为了提高网格的安全性,针对网格环境的动态特点,首先给出网格环境下信任和信任关系等概念的基本定义,在此基础上提出信任评价和动态信任的概念,并构建了一个基于动态信任的信任体系结构模型,同时设计了该体系结构所涉及的4个基于信任的安全算法。最后,通过仿真分析验证了该模型能够增强网格系统的安全。     

网格安全研究现状及面临的问题

随着Internet技术的高速发展及计算机网络的不断壮大,其安全问题日益突出,已成为人们关注的焦点。网格作为在网络环境下构建的应用系统,会遇到计算机网络同样的安全问题,此外,网格还要面对其独有特征带来的更严峻的安全问题。文章对网格安全需求、网格安全研究现状及面临的问题、网格的安全研究内容、与网格相关的安全技术分析以及典型的网格安全实现技术网格安全体系结构(GSI)进行了较为详细的讨论。     

基于临时安全域的网格安全认证模型的研究

分析了现有网格安全体系结构模型存在的问题,结合网格固有的特点设计了一个网格环境下的认证模型,该模型以虚拟组织和信任域为基础,针对域内和域间环境采用不同的认证策略并且引入了临时安全域(TSD)的概念,通过分析表明该模型在提供安全身份鉴别的同时简化了实体之间的认证,满足网格环境的安全需求。     

网格计算技术及其应用研究

网格计算技术被誉为继Internet和Web之后的第三次信息技术浪潮。阐述了网格计算的基本概念，详细地分析了网格计算的两种典型体系结构——5层沙漏结构和开放网格服务体系结构OGSA，指出了网格计算需要跟踪的关键技术，并对网格计算技术的应用和发展前景作了展望。     

军用网格体系结构及Petri Net模型

网格体系结构是网格计算的关键技术之一.针对军事应用需求,提出了一种面向军事应用的网格体系结构,讨论了各层次组成及功能,并研究了网格体系结构的Petri Net描述方法.与经典网格体系结构相比,提出的体系结构有助于提高网格系统的好用性、透明性、自治性、模块性、一致性等.     

网格体系结构标准的演变与分析

分析了网格标准的演变过程及其原因。从体系结构上看，从五层沙漏结构演变为开放网格服务体系结构（OGSA）；从实现机制上看，从开放网格服务基础设施（OGSI）演变为Web服务资源框架（WSRF）。同时展望了网格体系结构标准的发展趋势。     

网格计算中间件的研究

在整个网格体系结构中,中间件层是网格计算中的核心,因此网格计算中间件就成为了最关键的部分.本文阐述了构建网格所必需的网格计算中间件的功能和组件模型,并着重对当前较为流行的中间件GT4进行了研究和探讨,最后对网格计算中间件的发展进行了展望分析.     

OGSA开放网格服务体系结构研究

网格计算是信息技术的又一次革命,它的出现为分布式资源的共享和服务提供了一种新的方式。在网格计算的发展过程中,先后主要出现了两种体系结构“五层沙漏结构”和OGSA开放网格体系结构。主要介绍了OGSA体系结构并对它和Web服务进行了一个比较。     

全球信息网格体系结构与企业级服务分析

作为网格计算发展的延伸，DoD提出的全球信息网格(GIG)是实现网络中心战的技术手段。GIG的体系结构可以通过其五层体系框架和作战视图、系统视图以及技术视图3个视图来描述。GIG通过企业级服务来支持网络中心战，企业级服务的领域功能都建立在发现、安全、中介、协作、存储、消息传送、企业级服务、应用以及帮助等核心企业级服务基础之上。介绍了网格以及全球信息网格的概念，分析了GIG的体系结构与企业级服务，最后指出了GIG的意义和面临解决的问题。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks