共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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叙述了发展可再生能源以生物质能源为主导的大趋势和必然性,指出,解决能源短缺和能源安全等问题,应将生物质能源提升到应有的战略地位.根据中国生物质能源具有的突出资源优势,为编制国家"十二五"规划,提出了加大发展固体生物质燃料的力度,加快燃料乙醉产能的步伐,把产业沼气替代天然气的议题提上议事日程,用20年时间建设本土的绿色"三田",制定优惠政策扶植生物质能源企业的建设以及"十二五"生物质能源规划目标的建议和对策. 相似文献
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发展生物质能源,在业内一直存在争议。支持者认为,作为“废料”的生物燃料用于能源生产,有利于提高能源的替代利用;而反对者认为,生物燃料的发展占用了生产粮食用的土地,存在“与人争地”的情况。孰是孰非?如何合理地利用生物质能源成为关键所在。 相似文献
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获悉,即将出台的《可再生能源发展“十二五”规划》明确了“十二五”生物质能源领域的发展目标及具体的产业发展布局,确定的生物质发电及生物燃料规模较“十一五”有大幅度提高。 相似文献
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可再生能源在各应用场景中取代传统化石能源比例越来越高,但在能源危机日趋加深的今天,以天然气与石油为代表的化石燃料仍然是今天能源市场的主力。由于短期内化石燃料的不可替代性,将可再生能源在合成燃料技术中利用。如今,风电和光伏被提出作为合成燃料能源的主要选择之一。避免直接使用生物质,例如生产生物质衍生燃料,主要原因包括土地利用短缺、有限的生物质可利用性、对食品供应的干扰以及对环境和生物圈的其他影响。因此,必须对这一技术进行详细分析,以满足其需求并在2050年满足100%可再生能源系统的标准。本文的目的是确定生产合成燃料的潜在途径,特别关注一步法供电解与CO2再循环相结合。 相似文献
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Yuzheng Lu Yixiao Cai Loembe Souamy Xiang Song Lei Zhang Jun Wang 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(28):12870-12891
Fuel cell technology motivates a variety of benefits, which are barely offered by other energy technologies. The fuel cell can be obtained through natural resources—biomass, coal and water, which are abundant in China. More importantly, most of these are sustainable and realize ecological circulation. Being blessed with a source of renewable energy, fuel cell technology is favorably promoted in China. Simultaneously, fuel cell technology offers China great opportunities to meet the energy consumption demand for its sustainable development. In this proposed method, useful results of leading research in solid oxide fuel cell relevant research in China are reviewed and the hybrid system based fuel cell technology is particularly detailed. Additionally, the effects of some important renewable energy parameters, future challenges and constructive recommendations for China's energy technology are suggested. 相似文献
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生物质能除了可以在改善世界一次能源结构、降低化石能源需求量方面做出重要贡献以外,还可在减少温室气体排放、保障能源供应安全、改善贸易平衡、促进农村发展和改进城市废弃物处理方式等方面发挥作用。目前全球每年一次能源消费总量为500EJ,生物质资源的年用量约占一次能源消费总量的10%左右,主要被用于传统的民用燃料和生产第一代生物燃料。第二代生物燃料技术预计将于2020年前后在一些国家实现工业化生产。IEA预测,2050年世界一次能源需求量为670EJ,生物质资源将占一次能源需求总量的20%左右。各方学者预测的2050年全球生物质资源量最低值基本在200~400EJ之间,最高值在400~1500EJ之间。中国的生物燃料产业尚处于起步阶段,不过应该说取得了良好的开端。我国生物质资源相对较少,且分布不均,发展生物质能产品需要依靠能源作物。只有通过合理开发、有效利用,才能在不与粮食和食用油争夺土地的前提下,在一定程度上提供生物运输燃料和生物质发电供热所需的原料,生物质能-农产品和/或生物质能-林产品联合生产系统应成为主要发展方向。美国生物燃料产业的发展模式对我国具有一定的借鉴意义。生物质最有效的利用方式是生产运输燃料,从长远来看,生物燃料可以与石油燃料竞争,尤其是喷气燃料和汽油更具替代优势,但受到生物质资源供应量的制约。 相似文献
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对传统能源的不可持续供应进行了说明,介绍了几种可以永续造福人类的可再生能源和新能源,包括:太阳能、风能、生物质能、水能、地热能、海洋能、氢能、受控核聚变能。 相似文献
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生物质能利用方式的分析比较 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
简要分析了几种生物质能利用方式的技术性、经济性和社会性特征。通过比较,认为通过热化学法或生化法将生物质转化为液态或气态燃料即可提升生物质能的能量品质,又可大大拓展生物质能的使用范围,是生物质能利用的主要方式。其中,生化法由于其近于零污染的特性而将成为生物质能利用的首选方式。 相似文献
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Despite the rapid development in fossil fuel, biomass is still the main energy resource in rural China. However, the research on household energy consumption on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is limited. We investigated the differences in household energy consumption pattern, the influencing factors of fuel type choice, and the willingness to use clean energy in agricultural, pastoral and agro-pastoral transitional zones in eastern part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Information was collected through Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and Physical Monitoring (PM). We found that biomass was the main energy resource in pastoral regions while fossil energy was the main fuel in agricultural regions. Energy consumption per capita in pastoral regions was higher than that in agricultural regions in our study area, and annual household energy consumption in pastoral regions was much higher than the provincial average. Altitude, livelihood and education level were main factors affecting domestic fuel type choice, while altitude and household size were two factors determining energy consumption per capita. The use of biomass as fuel could have negative influence on the material cycle in ecosystem and affect the carbon budget on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Householders were willing to use clean energy and most interviewees chose electricity as their favorite fuel type. Therefore, the modern utilization of biomass and the exploration of renewable energy are promising in future energy development in eastern part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, energy transition might be constrained by poor local transportation and traditional consumption habit of indigenous community. 相似文献
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我国能源结构从长期看仍将以煤为主,缺油少气。从我国能源结构来讲,生物质利用的最好方式不是发电.因生物质可以生产液体和气体燃料,而风能、太阳能、水能却只能发电。我国秸杆综合利用取得明显成效.在农业和畜牧业的利用领域还可能进一步拓宽,作为燃料利用的量还可能进一步缩减。从我国还在进行的第一次能源大转换来看,我国生物质使用量已大大减少,但还有相当的数量。要减少作为能源使用的生物质传统利用量,把它用于饲料、肥料和工业原料等还有发展前景的用途。在一次能源消费以化石能源为主的时期,中国存在液体燃料和气体燃料短缺的问题,以后进入第三次能源转换时期,新能源和可再生能源替代化石能源之后,液体燃料和气体燃料短缺的问题将会更加突出。因此,生物质应用于生产液体燃料和气体燃料,而不是用于发电。而且生物质发电厂投资高、燃料成本不断上涨,使发电成本高+生物质发电将长期缺乏竞争力。我国发展生物质液体燃料已具备一定的条件.前几年中石油、中石化和中海油已开始种植可提炼生物液体燃料的能源林。我国非粮生物质液体燃料生产基地正在积极建设之中。我国发展生物质气体燃料也具有一定优势,在沼气、气化和城镇有机废物处理方面都积累了一定的经验。总之生物质生产液体燃料和气体燃料是一种既适应我国当前、又适应未来能源需求的有效措施。 相似文献
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To achieve a national energy access target of 90% urban and 51% rural by 2035, combat climate change, and diversify the energy sector in the country, the Zambian government is planning to integrate other renewable energy resources (RESs) such as wind, solar, biomass, and geothermal into the existing hydro generation–based power system. However, to achieve such targets, it is essential for the government to identify suitable combination of the RESs (electricity generation fuel mix) that can provide the greatest sustainability benefit to the country. In this paper, a multicriteria decision-making framework based on analytic hierarchy process and system dynamics techniques is proposed to evaluate and identify the best electricity generation fuel mix for Zambia. The renewable energy generation technologies considered include wind, solar photovoltaic, biomass, and hydropower. The criteria used are categorized as technical, economic, environmental, social, and political. The proposed approach was applied to rank the electricity generation fuel mix based on nine sustainability aspects: land use, CO2 emissions, job creation, policy promotion affordability, subsidy cost, air pollution reduction, RES electricity production, RES cumulative capacity, and RES initial capital cost. The results indicate that based on availability of RESs and sustainability aspects, in overall, the best future electricity generation mix option for Zambia is scenario with higher hydropower (40%) penetration, wind (30%), solar (20%), and lower biomass (10%) penetration in the overall electricity generation fuel mix, which is mainly due to environmental issues and availability of primary energy resources. The results further indicate that solar ranks first in most of the scenarios even after the penetration weights of RES are adjusted in the sensitivity analysis. The wind was ranked second in most of the scenarios followed by hydropower and last was biomass. These developed electricity generation fuel mix pathways would enable the country meeting the future electricity generation needs target at minimized environmental and social impacts by 2035. Therefore, this study is essential to assist in policy and decision making including planning at strategic level for sustainable energy diversification. 相似文献