Prices for petrochemical raw materials and synthetic fibres and thread in the second half of 2005

We analyzed the situation in the second half of 2005 for crude oil, petrochemical raw materials — acrylonitrile, caprolactam, p-xylene, terephthalic acid, and monoethylene glycol; commercial polymers — polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate, and for the basic types of synthetic fibres and thread made from these raw materials: polycapronitrile tow, polyester fibres, textile and industrial cord, polyamide industrial (cord) and textile thread. Brief information is given on the situation in world production and consumption of cotton and hyperelastic Spandex fibre. Price fluctuations for synthetic fibres and thread following the changes in the price of crude are observed in the examined regions of the world — Asia/Far East, USA, Western Europe: an increase in prices in the middle of the second half and slight weakening at the end of the year. Pressing problems of providing petrochemical raw materials and its cost on the Russian market are discussed. E. V. Kalitova, marketologist, participated in processing the PCI statistical data. __________ Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 67–79, March–April, 2006.     

Prices of petrochemical feedstock and synthetic fibres and filaments in the first half of 2004

The increase in the price of crude oil on the world market has been much higher than predicted by politicians and experts. In the first half of 2004, the prices for basic petrochemical feedstock for synthetic fibres underwent insignificant fluctuations on Asian/Far Eastern, USA, and Western European markets, but they increased almost everywhere in comparison to the end of 2003. The prices (from 10 to 20%) for commercial polypropylene and poly(ethylene terephthalate) increased sharply in the same period. Following the negative trend of the change in the prices of crude and oil-based raw materials all over the world in the first quarter of 2003-June 2004, the prices for PAN tow and PES fibre, industrial and textured PES cord fibre (except for Western Europe), and industrial (cord) and textile PA fibre (except for Western Europe) increased markedly. In most Asian countries, including China, imports of cotton (fibres and yarn) continuously increased in comparison to exports.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 3–18, September–October, 2004.     

Future of petrochemical raw materials in oleochemical markets

The petrochemical industry (PCI) has undergone profound changes during the last decade and is continuing to adjust to changing world economic conditions. One of the most important of these is the price of crude oil. Although an equilibrated pricing structure remains to be demonstrated, anticipated adequacy of supply and versatile, innovative methods of converting crude and natural gas to high valued products assures it a vital and healthy future. The product areas in which the PCI and the oleochemical industry (OCI) overlap are actually quite small in terms of the total capacity. In those limited areas of overlap, we expect the role of the PCI during the next several years to continue to be cone of a complementary nature. By providing security of supply at competitive prices, it will create confidence and reliability which will benefit both the petrochemical and oleochemical industries. And most significantly, the resources of the petrochemical industry will also allow it to respond to new market conditions, particularly those of accelerated volume needs and specific performance, with the flexibility and creativity which have been its hallmarks.     

Biologically active synthetic fibres and materials of the new generation

A new generation of biologically active suture materials capable of a combined action on wound pathology is being developed. The effect of the developed organoelemental biologically active complex on the wound process in all three of its phases is demonstrated. Biologically active fibre material with a honeycomb structure for scleroplastic operations that accelerates regeneration processes in ocular membranes and prevent possible primary and secondary infection of wound tissues was developed. __________ Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 43–46, November–December, 2005.     

2006年上半年硫酸行业态势

介绍2006年上半年全国磷肥、硫酸生产情况。磷肥产量(以P2O2计)5 990 kt,其中高浓度磷复肥产量3 820 kt(磷酸二铵1260 kt、磷酸一铵1440 kt、NPK复合肥890 kt、重过磷酸钙190 kt、硝酸磷肥40 kt),低浓度普钙、钙镁磷肥2170 kt。硫酸总产量(以H2SO4计)24460 kt,其中硫磺制酸产量10490 kt,硫铁矿制酸产量8150 kt,冶炼烟气制酸产量5460 kt,其它原料制酸产量360 kt。2006年上半年硫酸表观消费量25620 kt,化肥用酸占总消费量69．9％,工业用酸占总消费量30．1％。2006年上半年累计进口硫磺3917 kt,进口硫酸1180 kt。分析了硫酸产品技术经济指标、市场情况和储运安全。     

大力发展优质合成耐火原料

进入新世纪,应根据我国耐火原料资源丰富的优势,加快发展有自己特色的矾土基和镁砂基的优质合成耐火原料.它们可分为均质料、改性料、转型料三种类型.     

The effects of coal-based raw materials utilization within the system of the petrochemical industry

The system of processes for production of olefins and aromatics is investigated in order to assess the possibilities and the effects of substitution of actual petrochemical raw materials by coal. As the coal conversion technologies offer more alternative processing routes for the production of olefins and aromatics the mathematical model of the system is used for generation of optimum system structures with respect to different objectives. The importance of direct, as well as indirect, coal liquefaction processes is indicated by introduction of coal as the source of raw materials for the chemical industry.     

我国合成镁钙耐火原料及制品的发展

回顾了我国合成镁钙耐火原料及制品的发展历程;介绍了我国合成镁钙耐火原料及制品的现状;展望了我国合成镁钙耐火材料的发展前景;提出了我国合成镁钙耐火材料今后的发展方向.     

2006年上半年橡胶行业经济运行情况

2006年上半年,业内企业积极进行生产结构调整,经济运行趋于平缓增长。从中国橡胶工业协会250家会员单位统计情况看,1～6月轮胎总产量同比增长13.9%,胶鞋产量同比增长4.15%,输送带产量同比增长20.4%,炭黑同比增长13.9%,子午胎活络模具同比增长10%。上半年橡胶消耗量达到111.9万吨,同比增长20.23%。1.轮胎:据43家轮胎会员企业统计,上半年轮胎产销呈增长态势,实现工业总产值413亿元,同比增长18.44%;综合外胎产量完成8814万条,其中子午胎5732万条,子午化率达到65%,斜交胎产量继续下降,呈现负增长;出口继续增长,上半年实现出口交货值142亿元,同比…     

Hydroconversion of kerogen-containing raw materials into synthetic crude oil

The hydroconversion of kerogen-containing rock (oil shale) into synthetic crude oil was studied, and an optimum combination of catalytic additives, extractants, and modifiers in the hydroprocessing was found to ensure reasonable yields and quality of the synthetic oil. With the use of modifiers and catalytic additives, is possible to increase the conversion of kerogen into shale oil to a value of >90%. The modifiers and additives based on a mixture of cobalt and molybdenum compounds exhibited the greatest activity.     

Polypropylene fibres and yarns in the current state of development

Polypropylene (PP) production capacities in 2010 will exceed 60 million tons and by 2020, 90 million tons at an average annual growth rate of 8% in 2005–2010 and 4% in 2010–2020. Consumption of PP in 2010 will be 53 million tons, more than half of which will be in Asia, where 2/3 of production capacities are concentrated. World production of PP textile materials is slightly over 7 million tons, which is approximately 10% of natural and chemical fibres. Film fibres, staple fibre, carpet twist, and different kinds of nonwovens are the basic consumers of PP in the textile sector. In Russia, manufacture of PP for fibre applications is 7%, versus 11–12% in world practice. In 2007, production of PP fibres and yarns reached 24,300 tons (8.7% higher than the preceding year), and 56.4% was for manufacture of film fibres, 20.7% was for staple fibre, and 12.5% was for spunbond. Moscow Office of Coltech, Canada. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 3–8, September—October, 2008.     

Thermodynamic aspects of the utilization of coal-based raw materials within the system of the petrochemical industry

The system of processes for producing olefins and aromatics was investigated in order to assess the thermodynamic aspects of the substitution of actual petrochemical raw materials by coal. As coal conversion technologies offer several alternative processing routes for the production of olefins and aromatics, a mathematical model of the system was used to generate the optimum, as well as suboptimum system structures, with respect to the objective of efficient energy utilization, expressed as the minimum total lost work rate. The relative importance of direct, as well as indirect, coal liquefaction processes was discussed considering both raw materials and energy utilization efficiency.     

2006年中国聚丙烯研发与应用论文题录(上半年)

有机磷酸盐类成核剂对PP性能的影响；α-成核剂对聚丙烯结晶性能和形态的影响；国外聚丙烯新产品开发动向；混凝土用聚丙烯纤维的应用现状及研究进展；反应挤出方法制备高熔体强度聚丙烯……     

合成纤维原料供求和增设动向

介绍了世界合成纤维原料丙烯腈(AN),己内酰胺(CPL),对苯二甲酸(PTA),乙二醇(MEG)的供求现状和增设动向,并对发展趋势进行了展望。今后几年内,世界合成纤维原料仍将继续供不应求,中国是世界合成纤维生产和原料消费大国,原料自给率进一步提高,到2010年以后有望改变大量进口原料的局面。     

World production of chemical fibres and yarns in 2005

World production of chemical fibres and yarns did not increase significantly (+0.8%) in 2005 for the first time in recent years. China is still the indisputable leader, with a large annual increase in production of all types of fibres. A decrease (−17.2%) in production of both synthetic (−5.9%) and man-made (−40.2%) fibres and yarns occurred in Russia. Of the CIS countries, the chemical fibre sector in Belarus developed most successfully. __________ Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 71–76, September–October, 2006.     

Basic principles for constructing controllable electrotechnical complexes for production of synthetic fibres and nonwoven materials

A concept for building the structure and studying controllable electrotechnical complexes for manufacturing equipment that increase the efficiency of saving energy and resources by optimizing the speed regimes is proposed. Selection of the velocity diagram of transportation, spinning, and winding of synthetic fibres and nonwovens should precede the process study to determine the optimum regime indexes.