失速型风电机组机网扭振的模型与机理

指出了研究并网大型风力机组机网扭振问题的必要性,为研究风电机组的机网扭振问题,针对失速型异步风力发电机,建立了研究其风力发电机和电网之间扭振相互作用的统一动态模型.采用有限元方法分析了实际的叶片结构,将风力发电机叶片、低速轴、齿轮箱、高速轴、转子组成的旋转系统等效为三质量块-弹簧模型,同时建立了发电机定子和电网在d-q坐标系下的模型,实现了机网接口.仿真分析得到了风力发电机的旋转系统在电网三相故障激励下叶片的扭振曲线,其扭振频率与风机旋转系统的理论固有频率相同,且故障切除以后扭振现象并未衰减;为进一步研究抑制机网扭振的方法提供了理论基础.     

内陆风力发电场风机布置方法探讨

提出风电场风机布置的原则.认为不同地理环境条件、风资源条件、地区经济状况都会对风机的布置方案产生影响.对内陆风电场和沿岸滩涂风电场设计中风机布置技术和经济进行了分析比较,并对内陆风场的风机布置提出了一种新的行列距组合选择原则.     

Experimental and analytical studies of lightning overvoltages in wind turbine generator systems

This paper presents the results of the experimental and analytical studies undertaken for the lightning protection of wind turbine generator systems by using a reduced-size wind turbine model. In the analytical studies, the FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) method is used. This study focuses on the overvoltages observed at the wavefronts of lightning surges. The lightning strokes on one of the blades and on the nacelle were considered, and the experiments and analyses were carried out by considering the cases of summer and winter lightning. The voltages and currents at various positions on the wind turbine model were considered.     

Matching wind turbine generators with wind regime in Egypt

This paper presents a novel method of matching wind turbine generators to a site using turbine performance index (TPI) in conjunction with minimum deviation ratio (DR) between rated speed of wind turbine generator (WTG) and optimal speed and resulting in minimum cost of energy (COE). The methodology allows yielding higher energy production at higher capacity factor and minimum cost of energy. The wind speeds are parameterized using cubic mean cube-root and statistically modeled using Weibull probability density function. Normalized power (P_N) and capacity factor (CF) are expressed entirely in normalized rated speed. The plots of P_N, CF and TPI versus normalized rated wind speed are drawn for known values of Weibull parameters of a site. The proposed methodology for identifying optimum wind turbine generator parameters for two sites with installed WTG and two candidate locations for installation of WTG in Egypt are examined. The cost of energy (COE) and capital cost of WTG under different tower heights at the sites are also determined. The proposed methodology, if used at the planning and development stages of wind power stations, will serve as useful tool to make a judicious choice of a wind turbine generator that yields higher energy at higher capacity factor.     

变速变桨距风电机组的高风速变桨距控制

变速变桨距风电机组由于主要部件风轮机的高度非线性,导致在高风速下不能用常规的PI控制变桨系统.为解决该问题,对变速恒频顺桨调节类风电机组工作点进行了分析和研究,在高风速情况下采用了根据桨距角度的分段 PI 控制方式,在该方式的控制下,风轮机的变桨过程既能保证不同角度下的快速调整,又能保证 PI 控制系统的稳定性;并且最终通过自建的小功率风电试验平台,验证了分段 PI 控制方式的实现效果.试验数据验证了分析结果的正确性.     

An optimization approach for wind turbine commitment and dispatch in a wind park

This paper describes an operational optimization strategy to be adopted at the wind park control level, that enables defining the commitment of wind turbines and their active and reactive power outputs following requests from Wind Park Dispatch Centers, assuming that individual wind turbines short-term wind speed forecasts are known and are expressed as power availability. This operational strategy was also developed with a concern on the minimization of the connection/disconnection changes of the individual wind generators, for a given time horizon. When identifying the active/reactive dispatching policies, wind generators loading capabilities are also taken in account. This optimization tool is especially suited to manage large wind parks.     

某风电场风机基础不同地基处理方式探讨

本文简要介绍了针对某风电场具体地基土的不同情况,地基形式分别采用了天然地基、PHC管桩处理方法。     

变速风力发电机组的多变量桨距控制策略

针对大型双馈式变速变桨(variable speed variable pitch,VSVP)风力发电机组在额定风速以上如何保持输出电功率稳定和降低风轮转速波动的控制技术进行研究.在研究了传统变桨距控制策略的基础上,提出非线性转矩控制结合以独立变桨作为主体因素的多变量控制策略,并基于Bladed软件平台开发的外部控制器对该控制策略与传统的变桨控制策略进行仿真比较.结果表明:相对待统的变桨距控制,提出的变桨距控制使风力发电机组能够在额定转速下保持稳定的电功率输出,同时也能减小齿轮箱转矩尖峰.     

风力发电机组低电压穿越的控制策略

针对风力发电机组并网后出现的电网电压跌落状况,分析了风力机组运行特性,建立了飞轮储能单元数学模型.提出了一种新的低电压穿越控制策略,即低电压穿越协调控制策略.基于PSCAD/EMTDC对电网电压不同深度跌落的2个算例进行仿真,其结果验证了该控制策略的有效性和正确性.     

基于时间序列法的风电场风速预测研究

采用Box.Jenkins时间序列分析方法,通过Matlab软件,利用达坂城风电场30 m处,每10 min采集1次得到的风速数据,建立ARMA模型,阐述了数据预处理、模型参数识别及模型诊断、检验。实现提前1 h的风速预测,为更长时间(0.5~2 d)的风速预测提供理论基础。     

Matching between straight‐wing nonarticulated vertical axis wind turbine and a new wind turbine generator

In the current wind turbine generation system, there are substantial problems such as the fact that the maximum power of the wind turbine cannot be obtained in the presence of fluctuating wind speed, as well as high cost and low annual net electricity production (due to mismatch between generators and wind turbines). A new wind turbine generator optimized for the wind turbine output is presented in order to solve such problems. This wind turbine generator consists of a permanent magnet generator, a reactor, and a rectifier, and uses neither a control circuit which requires standby electricity nor a PWM converter having a switching element. By selecting the most appropriate combination of a permanent magnet generator with multiple windings and a reactor connected in series with each winding, the maximum output of the wind turbine can be obtained without using a control circuit. The new wind turbine generator was directly coupled with a straight‐wing nonarticulated vertical‐axis wind turbine (SW‐VAWT), and matching of the generator with the wind turbine was examined in field tests. The test results and review confirm that the new wind turbine generator is highly matched with the wind turbine in the presence of fluctuating wind speed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 174(2): 26–35, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21036     

蚁群算法在风电机组变桨控制中的应用

运行在额定风速以上区间时,变速变桨风力发电机组采用恒功率变桨控制方式,由于额定风速至切出风速之间的风速变化范围大且迅速,使得功率波动较大且频繁,传统PID变桨控制器难以达到很好的控制效果。本文提出的蚁群PID变桨控制器,利用蚁群算法的寻优特性来优化PID参数,使得恒功率变桨控制系统更具自适应性和鲁棒性。分析了风机的恒功率变桨控制,然后给出了蚁群算法优化PID参数的策略以及具体实现步骤。仿真与实验结果验证了蚁群PID变桨控制器的良好动态性能,其有效地减缓了额定风速以上风机的功率波动。     

直驱型永磁风电机组并网控制系统的研究

对直驱型永磁风电机组并网控制系统工作结构与原理进行讨论,并研究变流器电机侧与电网侧的并网控制电路与控制策略。应用并联多变流器的方法,采取电网电压定向的电流、电压双闭环矢量控制模式,设计逆变并网控制。基于对交-直-交背靠背双PWM变流器的控制,运行软件仿真了690 V/2.5 MW直驱型永磁风电机组的变流器并网过程。实验结果表明,控制电路与策略正确有效,并网变流器能进行双向的能量传递,并且具有良好的静动态特性。     

基于RBF神经网络的风力发电机组故障诊断研究

风力发电机组是一个复杂的机电系统,采用整机诊断模式将使系统非常复杂,诊断效果也不理想;采用两层诊断模式不但实现起来简单,而且可以获得很好的诊断效果。使用RBF神经网络对发电机子系统进行故障诊断,仿真结果表明该诊断方法满足要求。     

一种新型双风轮风力发电装置的特性分析

利用Bin方法对一种新型的双风轮风力发电装置与同规格的单风轮风力发电装置的运行数据进行处理,得到风电机组性能评估所需要的发电功率、发电效率和功率标准差等相关参数的曲线图与直方图,并进行比较分析。结果表明:相对于单风轮风电装置,新型双风轮风力发电装置的发电功率及发电效率高,启动风速低,低风速风能资源的利用效率高,并且运行稳定。该新型风电装置的研发成功将为以后的风电研究开辟一条崭新的道路。     

Intelligent soft-starter-based grid-integrated induction generator for pitch-regulated wind turbine system

Among the renewable energy sources, wind turbines play a vital role in power generation. One of the effective ways of power regulating systems is the pitch-regulated wind turbine, which is used to interface the grid and generator smoothly. In this paper, a novel approach of a pitch-regulated wind turbine using an intelligent soft-starter-based induction generator is presented. A neuro-fuzzy approach has been used as an intelligent tool in the soft-starter to estimate the firing angle of thyristors accurately so as to integrate the generator to the grid smoothly. Various wind turbine models such as 600, 1,000, and 1,500 kW are taken for simulation and simulation results have been presented to prove the proposed methodology.     

风电场机型选择中的技术经济评价指标

风机的选型直接关系到风电场建设项目的投资效益,甚至投资成败,通过对风电场资源条件及各型风机技术性能的分析,提出了对风电场进行整体技术经济分析的"技术经济评价指标"。以"技术经济评价指标"分析不同风机对风电场场址的适应性和性价比,分析了影响风机机型选择的各项因素。可用于风电场前期机型选择或风机设备采购评标工作。     

Reduced-order model of Type-C wind turbine generators

This paper presents a wind turbine generator (WTG) reduced-order model for time domain simulations. Selective modal analysis is used to reduce the model order by focusing on the most relevant modes and variables. In most cases, a single relevant mode is found; thus, a first-order model that captures the relevant mode is derived. Depending on the WTG dynamics, in some cases, reduced-order models of higher order are required. The proposed model is applied to both 4-bus and 39-bus test systems. The results show that the proposed reduced-order model closely resembles the impact of WTGs in a power system, even when large perturbations occur. Line and synchronous generator (SG) outages are taken into account. The proposed model reduces the simulation time and the power system model complexity.     

2.5-MW domestic wind turbine passed tests

The 2.5-MW direct-drive permanent magnetic wind turbine,independently developed by Guangxi Yinhe Avantis Wind Power Co.Ltd.,recently passed a low-voltage ride-through test.This is so far the largest direct-drive permanent magnetic wind turbine in the world that has passed the test.The test measures the capacity