反应自生Al3Ni—Al2O3—Al复合材料

通过热力学计算，选择Ｎｉ２Ｏ３粉末作原材料，采用反庆挤压铸造方法实现了Ａｌ与Ｎｉ２Ｏ３直接压铸反应合成Ａｌ３Ｎｉ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ原位复合材料，研究了压铸工艺数和预制块中纯Ａｌ粉的含量对反应合成复合材料过程扣影响，并对反应机理做了较深入的分析。结果表明，Ｎｉ２Ｏ３与Ａｌ的反应是为高放热反应，反应是爆发式的，通过调整预制块中Ａｌ粉的体积分数控制了反应的剧烈程度，并能获得不必基体含量的复合材料，对反应     

Bonding of Al to Al2O3 via Al–Cu eutectic method

The Al oxidation layer in the manufactures of direct aluminum bonded Al₂O₃ substrates (DAB) has been a long-term trouble for industries. In this work we propose a new method for fabricating the DAB substrates with no requirement of high vacuum or active O₂-getters. The new method comprises two stages: (i) Cu-film is bonded onto Al₂O₃ ceramic surface via DBC method; (ii) Al foil is joined to the DBC substrate by Al–Cu eutectic method at 600 °C in pure N₂ atmosphere. KF–AlF₃ flux was used to disrupt the Al–oxide layer on the surface of Al foil. The wetting ability was significantly enhanced due to the diffusion of Cu into Al and the dissolving of Al. The final contact angle is achieved of 22.10°. Microstructure and composition of the interface between Al and Al₂O₃ substrate were analyzed. The XRD, SEM and EDS results show that two new phases Al₂Cu and CuAlO₂ were formed, leading to a strong bonding along the interface. The thermal cycling reliability and adhesion strength of DAB substrates were also evaluated. The results show that the DAB substrates can satisfy application requirements completely.     

Synthesis and characterisation of nanostructured Al–Al3V and Al–(Al3V–Al2O3) composites by powder metallurgy

In this study, the formation and characterisation of Aluminium (Al)-based composites by mechanical alloying and hot extrusion were investigated. Initially, the vanadium trialuminide (Al₃V) particles with nanosized structure were successfully produced by mechanical alloying and heat treatment. Al₃V–Al₂O₃ reinforcement was synthesised by mechanochemical reduction during milling of V₂O₅ and Al powder mixture. In order to produce composite powders, reinforcement powders were added to pure Al powders and milled for 5?h. The composite powders were consolidated in an extrusion process. The results showed that nanostructured Al-10?wt-% Al₃V and Al-10?wt-% (Al₃V–Al₂O₃) composites have tensile strengths of 209 and 226?MPa, respectively, at room temperature. In addition, mechanical properties did not drop drastically at temperatures of up to 300°C.     

Al含量对Al-Fe-Si/Al原位复合材料的影响

采用粉末冶金瞬时液相烧结法制备Al-Fe-Si/Al原位复合材料。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)以及M-2000型磨损试验机研究Al含量对原位复合材料的微观结构、硬度和耐磨性的影响。结果表明:随着Al含量的增加,粗大FeAl相消失,针状的金属间化合物增强体Al0.5FeSi0.5长大成短棒状。当Al质量分数为77%时,细小的短棒状Al0.5FeSi0.5增强相弥散分布在基体中,复合材料硬度HV具有最高值283.7,其硬度约是纯铝的8倍,铝硅合金的2.5倍;复合材料的耐磨性约为纯铝的6.6倍,铝硅合金的4.5倍;耐磨性能最佳,磨损率为0.3781%,磨损机制为磨粒磨损。     

Al2O3/Al复合材料的界面结构特征

利用高分辩透射电子显微镜研究挤压铸造法制备的亚微米 Al 2O 3颗粒增强 Al 基复合材料的界面微观结构。结果表明 : Al基体的 (200) 和 (111) 面优先沿 Al 2O 3颗粒表面生长 , 在复合材料界面处 Al 基体与 Al 2O 3颗粒具有 Al (200) ∥Al 2O 3 (101 2) 、Al [011 ] ∥Al 2O 3 [0221 ] 的晶体学位向关系并形成半共格界面 , 且界面存在 Al (111) / / Al 2O 3 ( 1120) 的共格关系。界面干净无任何反应物。接近界面的 Al 基体中出现了柏氏矢量为 b= 1/ 3 [ 111 ] 弗兰克不全刃位错 , 该刃位错引起界面附近基体中明显的晶格应变场 , 位错周围晶格变形场的范围约为 20～30 层原子面宽度 , 而在 Al 2O 3颗粒靠近界面的区域中未观察到位错等缺陷。并从晶体学角度对界面的形成机制进行了分析。     

Grain refinement of Mg–Al alloys with Al4C3–SiC/Al master alloy

A novel Al₄C₃–SiC/Al master alloy for grain refinement of Mg–Al–Zn alloys has been developed in the present work. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) results show the existence of Al₄C₃ and SiC particles in this master alloy. The master alloy presents good grain refining efficiency on both AZ31 and AZ63 alloys, but little effect on AZ91 alloy. After addition of 0.5 wt.% Al₄C₃–SiC/Al master alloy, the average grain size of AZ31 and AZ63 decreased dramatically from 1300 to 225 μm, and from 300 to 200 μm, respectively. However, no further refinement of grain size was achieved with additional amount of Al₄C₃–SiC/Al master alloy exceeding 0.5 wt.% for both AZ31 and AZ63 alloys in the present investigation. Duplex phase of Al₄C₃ and SiC was found to be located at the grain center of α-Mg and is proposed to be the nucleating agent during solidification of α-Mg.     

Al含量对Fe—Al无序固溶体性能的影响

本文应用余氏理论，对不同Ａｌ含量的富Ｆｅ区Ｆｅ－Ａｌ无序固溶体进行价电子结构计算和分析，从理论上探讨了Ａｌ含量合金晶格常数、原子磁矩、塑性以及晶体内原子状态的影响。研究发现，Ｆｅ－Ａｌ无序固溶体的晶格常数、原子磁矩和塑性随含Ａｌ的变化，是由于合金中Ｆｅ，Ａｌ原子之间相互作用导致原子状态发生变化的结果。     

Al/Al2O3多层膜的研究

用真空蒸镀及自然氧化方法在玻璃基底上制备纳米量级的4、5、6、7对层的Al／Al2O3多层膜。采用称重法测定薄膜的厚度；在常温和低温下使用三点法测定多层膜的电特性；用扫描电镜（sEM）观察薄膜的表面和截面的形貌及成分。结果表明：制备的是纳米量级非晶态的Al／Al2O3多层膜，在常温和低温（77K）下均具有类似负阻的特性。     

Al巴西进口激增

从巴西外贸部门的统计可知，去年巴西进口坯料17，725t，是2009年3．922t的4倍。三个因素使进口量和现货价格达到如此高的水平：国内需求增加，国内初级铝生产量的长期停滞，以及长期停止了和日本及欧洲出口商的出口合同。     

Al/Al2O3陶瓷基复合材料的研究进展

在综述Al/Al2O3复合材料制备工艺的基础上,提出了将石英玻璃浸入铝镕体中,通过Al向SiO2玻璃中的反应浸渗.制备Al/Al2O3复合材料的新方法.获得了Al与Al2O3相互连通的Al/Al2O3复合材料.由于玻璃具有容易被加工成各种形状零件的特点,通过Al液向致密玻璃坯体的反应浸渗,可以获得近成形的Al/Al2O3复合材料.实验结果发现,由于Al/Al2O3中不存在孔隙,Al/Al2O3的弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别可达430MPa和13MPa·m1/2,其性能优于用Lanxide工艺制备的Al/Al2O3.     

Al2O3／Al复合材料阻尼行为的研究

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ复合材料的室温和高温阻尼行为，发现增强物含量增加，此复合材料的阻尼性能显著增加，优于铝合金，较多的位错阻尼和界面阻尼是提高复合材料阻尼性能的原因。     

Al含量对Fe－Al无序固溶体性能的影响

本文应用余氏理论，对不同Ａｌ含量的富Ｆｅ区Ｆｅ－Ａｌ无序固溶体进行价电子结构计算和分析，从理论上探讨了Ａｌ含量对合金晶格常数、原子磁矩、塑性以及晶体内原子状态的影响。研究发现，Ｆｅ－Ａｌ无序固溶体的晶格常数、原子磁矩和塑性随含Ａｌ量的变化，是由于合金中Ｆｅ、Ａｌ原子之间相互作用导致原子状态发生变化的结果。     

纳米Al/Al2O3复合材料的热稳定性机理

通过对纳米Al/Al2O3复合材料微观结构的研究，揭示了这种材料热稳定性的特点，在550℃以下，完整的Al2O3的外壳限制了Al的传输，从而保持了原来的晶粒形态和尺寸。在570～650℃的温度范围内，弥散分布的Al2O3碎片通过钉扎晶界抑制了Al晶粒的长大，即使在660℃，Al晶粒熔化后，弥散的Al2O3碎片仍可在冷凝过程中有效地抑制Al晶粒的长大。     

Al 及 Al 合金离子注入氮层组织结构及其耐磨性

选取能量为80keV、剂量范围为1×10~(16)-8.3×10~(17)N~+·cm~(-2)的氮离子对 L2,LD2,LF12,LY12,Al-4%Cu 等 Al 合金进行氮离子注入,并用 X 射线光电子能谱及透射电子显微镜分析了氮离子注入层的价态特征及组织结构特点。在此基础上进行了硬度及耐磨性试验。氮离子注入到 Al 及 Al 合金中在室温下能形成细小弥散的 AlN 析出相;氮离子注入加速了 Al-4%Cu 合金的时效析出过程。Al 及 Al 合金表层硬度及耐磨性随着氮离子注入剂量的增加而提高。     

Al2O3f／Al复合材料的超声特性

测定了体积含量Ｖｆ不同（５．４，９．１和１３．６％）的Ａｌ２Ｏ３短纤维增强的铝基复合材料的纵波声速，横波声速和密度，并由此得出它们的切变模量μ和杨氏模量Ｅ，结果发现，随Ｖｆ增加，纵波声速减小，横波声速增加，与纯铝相比，μ和Ｅ均明显增大，还给出纵波超声声速和超声衰减在１００～３００Ｋ温区内的温度响应曲线。     

泡沫Al制备研究进展

综述了泡沫Al的各种制备方法及发展状况.制备闭孔泡沫Al的方法有熔体发泡法、粉体发泡法;制备开孔泡沫Al的方法有渗流法、熔模铸造法、烧结溶解法和电沉积法.现有制备工艺的改进及新制备工艺的开发仍是泡沫Al研究的重要领域.     

Thermodynamic characterization of Al–Cr,Al–Zr,and Al–Cr–Zr alloy systems

Abstract

The equilibrium phase diagrams of Al–Cr, Al–Zr, and Al–Cr-Zr, with particular reference to aluminium-rich alloys, have been critically reviewed. On the basis of these, and consistent with measured thermodynamic values, the binary systems have been thermodynamically characterized. Using these characterizations, phase equilibria have been extrapolated in the ternary, with the intention of augmenting the sparse experimental information concerning the equilibrium liquidus (0–10 at.%Cr, Zr) and solid solution range of aluminium in Al–Cr–Zr. Using the same parameters that define the equilibrium phase relationships, metastable phase relationships can also be extrapolated into the ternary.

MST/418