PPO作为[PPO—PDMS—PHS]n／PS增容剂的研究

报导了一种新的共混增容体系，以均聚物ＰＰＯ作为相容共混体系「ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ」ｍ／ＰＳ的增容剂，ＤＳＣ和ＤＭＡ的研究结果表明，ＰＰＯ对「ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ」ｎ／ＰＳ共混体系确有增容作用，ＰＰＯ的含量在１３．５％以下时，ＰＳ，ＰＰＰＯ「ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ」ｎ中的硬段相容为一相；     

PPO作为PPO-PDMS-PHS_n/PS增容剂的研究

导了一种新的共混增容体系，以均聚物ＰＰＯ作为不相容共混体系ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ／ＰＳ的增容剂。ＤＳＣ和ＤＭＡ的研究结果表明，ＰＰＯ对ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ／ＰＳ共混体系确有增容作用，ＰＰＯ的含量在１３．５％以下时，ＰＳ、ＰＰＯ和ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ中的硬段相容为一相；ＰＰＯ的含量在２３．８％以上时，ＰＰＯ分布在ＰＳ相和ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ中的硬段相中，经ＰＰＯ增容后，材料的拉伸性能明显提高。     

具有双重相互作用PPO-PDMS-PHS_n/PPO共混相容性的研究

利用ＤＳＣ和ＤＭＡ研究了一种新的含有机硅三元多嵌段共聚物ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ与均聚物ＰＰＯ共混体系的相容性，结果表明，均聚物ＰＰＯ与ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ中的两种嵌段（ＰＰＯ和ＰＨＳ）有相容性，两种嵌段协同作用的结果提高了共混相容性的临界值，当均聚物ＰＰＯ的Ｍｎ为２００００时，ＰＰＯ嵌段的Ｍｎ为２００００，ＰＨＳ嵌段的Ｍｎ为５１６０时，ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ／ＰＰＯ共混物为一相容体系。     

聚苯醚与含有机硅嵌段共聚物共混的研究

利用差热扫描量热计（ＤＳＣ）、动态粘弹谱仪（ＤＤＶ）和力学性能测试等手段研究了ＰＰＯ／ＰＨＳ－ＰＤＭＳ、ＰＰＯ／ＰＰＯ－ＰＨＳ－ＰＤＭＳ和ＰＰＯ／ＰＳ／ＰＰＯ－ＰＨＳ－ＰＤＭＳ３个共混体系的形态结构和性能。结果表明，ＰＰＯ／ＰＨＳ－ＰＤＭＳ为一相容体系。当ＰＰＯ分子量与ＰＰＯ－ＰＨＳ－ＰＤＭＳ中ＰＰＯ分子量相同时，ＰＰＯ／ＰＰＯ－ＰＨＳ－ＰＤＭＳ与ＰＰＯ／ＰＳ／ＰＰＯ－ＰＨＳ－ＰＤＭＳ是两个相容体     

具有双重相互作用（PPO—PDMS—PHS）n／PPO共混相容性的研究

利用ＤＳＣ和ＤＭＡ研究了一种新的含有机硅三元多嵌段共聚物（ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ）ｎ与均聚物ＰＰＯ共混体系的相容性，结果表明，均聚物ＰＰＯ与（ＰＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ）ｎ中的两种嵌段（ＰＰＯ和ＰＨＳ）有相容性，两种嵌段协和的结果提高了共混相容性的临界值，当均聚物ＰＰＯ的Ｍｎ为２００００时，ＰＰＯ嵌段的Ｍｎ为２００００，ＰＨＳ嵌段的Ｍ国５１６０时（ＰＯ－ＰＤＭＳ－ＰＨＳ）ｎ共混物的一相容体系。     

聚酯／热致液晶聚合物体系的非等温结晶动力学研究

热致性液晶共聚酯ＰＥＴ／６０ＰＨＢ组分对ＰＥＴ及ＰＢＴ在两种共混体系中的非等温结晶行为的影响用ＤＳＣ方法进行了研究，并用Ｏｚａｗａ方法处理了动力学数据。随共混体系ＬＣＰ含量的增加，ＰＥＴ的Ａｖｒａｍｉ指数ｎ趋于降低而ＰＢＴ的ｎ值趋于增加，表明在非等温结晶条件下，对不同组成的共混物体系有着不同的成核和晶体生长的机理。     

PPS／PBT共混体系的研究

在Ｂｒａｂｅｎｄｅｒ混合仪中，用熔融混合法制备结晶／结晶共混体系ＰＢＴ／ＰＰＳ。采用ＤＳＣ、ＷＡＸＤ和ＳＥＭ对共混物的结晶，熔融，相容性和形态进行了研究。结果表明，ＰＢＴ／ＰＰＳ共混物是不相容的，各自自己的微区内进行结晶。ＰＢＴ加入可使窝本粘度明显上升。     

离聚体对PBT／PC共混体系结构与性能的影响

讨论了离聚体Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ９０２０对ＰＢＴ／ＰＣ共混体系的结构及其缺口冲击性能和结晶行为的影响。共混体系中加入适量离聚体，可使其缺冲击强度有较大提高，ＰＢＴ、ＰＣ间的界面相容性得到改善。ＤＳＣ、ＷＡＸＤ测试表明，离聚体的加入使共混体系的最大结晶速率有所增大，动力学结晶能力基本不变，体系保持了快速结晶的特性，且共混体系的结晶度略有提高。但是，当离聚体的含量较高（≥１５ｐｈｒ）时，共混体系的动力学性能和     

不对称熔融共混体系相行为的Monte Carlo模拟

用自由体积扩散（ＦＶＤ）算法模拟了不对称Ａ／Ｂ型不相容熔融共混体系的行为,模拟结果表明,如果温度足够高,即使不相容共混体系同类似于相容体系的相行为。还模拟了低分散相含量的Ａ／Ｂ型不相容共混体系呈现出的部分相容的现象,认为部分相容的原因是由于Ｂ的含量非常低,分子链热运动过程中,Ｂ与Ｂ聚集到一起的机会比７５／２５的Ａ／Ｂ共混体系要少得多,分散相相区尺寸非常小,部分锭甚至以分子级水平与Ａ相混,因而共混物     

PHB与PCL,PECL可生物降解高分子共混体系的研究

本文讨论了聚β－羟基丁酸酯／聚ε－己内酯（ＰＨＢ／ＰＣＬ）、聚β－羟基丁酸酯／聚ε－己内酯－聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物（ＰＨＢ／ＰＥＣＬ）共混体系的相容性、结晶性、形态结构及断裂表面形貌。ＰＨＢ／ＰＣＬ体系是不相容的，ＰＨＢ、ＰＣＬ的结晶度随共混组成而改变。ＳＥＭ结果表明，ＰＨＢ／ＰＣＬ共混膜断裂表面呈韧性断裂特征，ＰＨＢ的脆性得到改善，ＰＨＢ／ＰＥＣＬ，共混体系的相容性有所改善。     

Nucleation,growth and morphology of poly(hydroxybutyrate) and its copolymers

Measurements of the melting temperatures, growth rates and nucleation rates of meltcrystallized polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and two poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHB/HV) copolymers are reported for crystallization over a wide range of temperature. Examples are shown of the spherulitic morphologies obtained. From the variation in melting point with crystallization temperature values for the equilibrium melting points of PHB and PHB/HV are obtained. Growth and nucleation rate measurements are analysed using secondary nucleation theory to obtain approximations to surface energies within the crystals. PHB and PHB/7% HV are described well by secondary nucleation theory. PHB/23% HV exhibits more complex crystallization and melting behaviour, which suggests temperature-dependent exclusion of HV units from the crystals.     

聚羟基丁酸酯的等温与非等温结晶动力学

用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的等温与非等温结晶动力学。采用Avrami方程分析了等温结晶动力学,Avrami指数n≈2,表明PHB以异相成核的二维平面晶体方式生长,等温结晶活化能为82.4 kJ/min。采用Jeziorny法和莫志深法分析了PHB的非等温结晶动力学,Avrami指数n≈3,表明PHB非等温结晶过程以异相成核的三维球晶方式生长。     

Isothermal crystallization kinetics and morphology of biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)

Isothermal crystallization kinetics and morphology of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] with different 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB) molar fraction were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and polarized optical microscopy (POM). The results show that the crystallization mechanism and crystal structure of P(3HB-co-4HB) copolymers are the similar as those of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). While the equilibrium melting point and crystallization rate decrease with the increase of 4HB molar fraction. Banded spherulites are observed in neat PHB and P(3HB-co-4HB) copolymers, and morphology is influenced apparently by the crystallization temperature and 4HB unit.     

Compositional study and cytotoxicity of biodegradable poly(ester urethane)s consisting of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] and poly(ethylene glycol)

Biodegradable PHB–PEG multi-block polyurethane copolymers comprising PHB blocks (M_n: 1100, 1740 and 3240) and PEG blocks (M_n: 1960, 3250, 4150 or 7950) were synthesized followed by characterization by GPC, ¹H NMR, and FT-IR. The PHB contents ranged from 9 to 62% by weight. The copolymers displayed improved thermal stabilities compared with their respective precursors. The morphological structures of the copolymers were studied by FT-IR, DSC and XRD. FT-IR revealed the existence of amorphous and crystalline phases of PHB. Both DSC and XRD analyses showed that separate crystalline phases are formed by PEG and PHB blocks in the copolymers. Upon annealing, the melting transition temperature (T_m), melting enthalpy (ΔH_m) and the fractional crystallinity (X_c) of the PEG block increased when the length of PEG incorporated into the copolymer increased. These values were higher when the PHB block length is shorter as the shorter PHB chain does not disrupt the crystallization of PEG as much as the longer PHB chain. A similar disruptive effect on the crystallization of PHB segments was observed by varying PEG chain lengths but the effect is less pronounced compared with the PEG segments. A comparison of the swelling properties of the poly(ester urethane)s showed that the length and crystalline properties of the PHB block significantly affects the water uptake properties of the copolymers. The crystalline properties and the water uptake capacities of the copolymers could be fine-tuned by consideration of the length of the PHB and PEG block incorporated. The results of the cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that the poly(PHB/PEG) urethanes were non-cytotoxic and could potentially be used for biomedical purposes.     

聚乙二醇改性PET／PBT共混体系研究

本文以廉价易得的聚乙二醇(PEG)作结晶促进剂,利用WAXD、DSC研究了PET/PBT共混体系的结晶行为,并以共混体系结晶熔融峰面积计算PET和PBT各自的结晶度。结果发现,加入PEG可以使共混体系冷结晶峰温明显下降,PEG用量越大,冷结晶峰温越低,结晶速度加快;随着PEG分子量增大,当小于2000或等于2000时,冷结晶峰温随之降低,但当分子量≥6000时,冷结晶峰温随之略有升高;加入PEG,对共混体系中PET和PBT各自结晶的作用不同,二者的结晶度随PEG分子量或用量变化不同。     

PPSK／PPS共聚物的合成及其初步研究

用４，４＾’－二氟苯酮、１，４－二氯苯和硫化钠为原料，常压下采用分开预聚和共预聚两种不同的预聚方式，合成了聚苯硫醚酮－聚苯硫醚共聚物。用红外光谱、Ｘ射线衍射、差示热扫描和热失重分析等手段，对共聚物进行了初步表征。结果表明，不同配比的共聚物均为结晶性高聚物，并且具有良好较好的耐热性能，对于可溶性的共聚物还测定了其对数比浓粘度。     

聚苯醚改性环氧树脂基覆铜板的研制

利用浊点绘制了聚苯醚与溴化环氧树脂体系的相图,通过对相图的分析研究了体系的相容性;讨论了胶液的均一性、借助凝胶时间的测定研究了固化剂双氰胺以及促进剂2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑对体系反应性的影响;分析讨论了含胶量对体系电性能、机械性能以及耐水性的影响,确定了合理的制作半固化片的工艺。通过研究认为,聚苯醚/溴化环氧树脂体系表现最高临界相容温度行为,同时当聚苯醚含量为60%~70%时体系的浊点曲线与玻璃化转变温度曲线相交;聚苯醚/溴化环氧树脂体系在甲苯-二氯甲烷的混合溶剂中的均一性良好,得到的层压板的性能较优,比传统的FR-4型覆铜板的性能尤其是电性能、耐热性、弯曲强度以及耐水性提高幅度较大。     

用液晶PET(40)/PHB(60)共聚酯对PET共混改性的研究

用热致性液晶高分子材料对塑料进行共混改性,借助液晶的在位复合制取自增强塑料是近年来许多人感兴趣的课题,我们合成了质量比为４０／６０的ＰＥＴ／ＰＨＢ共聚酯,用它对ＰＥＴ进行共混改性,用差示扫描量热（ＤＳＣ）、动态力学粘弹谱,以及小角激光光散射（ＳＡＬＳ）进行结构和性能的考察,表明ＰＥＴ／ＰＨＢ共聚酯对ＰＥＴ有增塑和促进结晶的作用。     

4，4＇－二苯醚二甲酸改性PET等温结晶的研究

采用光学解偏振法对４，４＇－二苯醚二甲酸（ＯＢＢＡ）改性ＰＥＴ的等温结晶进行了研究。结果表明，随着ＯＢＢＡ添加量的增加，共聚酯的结晶诱导期延长，总结晶速度减慢，结晶活化能增大，与均聚酯相比，结晶趋于困难。