固溶处理对7075/6009层状复合材料组织与性能的影响

通过分析7075/6009铝合金层状复合板材内层显微组织与显微硬度分布,研究了固溶处理对板材内层显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:在470～500℃范围内,随着固溶温度的升高,板材内层和过渡区的显微硬度值呈先升后降的趋势,在485℃时达到峰值,而外层显微硬度值呈上升趋势;内层显微组织在485℃时残留的颗粒相数量最少,而在500℃时发生"过烧"。在15～300 min内,板材内层和过渡区显微硬度值在30 min时达到峰值,而外层显微硬度值变化不明显;内层显微组织随着固溶时间的延长而变粗大,残留颗粒相数量在30 min后趋于平衡。通过T6热处理工艺:485℃固溶30 min+水淬+175℃时效8 h,7075/6009铝合金层状复合板材可获得较高的力学性能:抗拉强度为404 MPa,屈服强度为364 MPa,伸长率为15.3%;同比T6热处理的6009铝合金板材,其抗拉强度提高36%,屈服强度提高75%,但伸长率降低16%。     

电解低钛6009铝合金板材组织的研究

通过X射线、SEM和TEM分析,研究了电解低钛铝合金和熔配加钛铝合金在铸造状态、轧制状态和热处理状态的组织。在6009铝合金中,球形Mg2Si是主要强化相,熔配加钛合金时效过程调幅分解明显。在电解低钛铝合金中,球形Mg2Si分布更为弥散、均匀。结果表明:电解低钛铝合金的性能优于熔配加钛铝合金。     

Refinement Mechanism Research of Al3Ni Phase in Ni-7050 Alloy

在7050合金的基础上,使用铸锭冶金工艺制备镍含量为 5%,10%的 2 种复合材料,研究 Al3Ni 相的细化机制。通过硬度测试,金相观察,SEM,DSC 等测试手段分析其组织及性能。结果表明该材料的硬度在 T6 时效后分别达到 1918 MPa(5%镍)和 2364MPa(10%镍),高于 7050 合金(1800 MPa)。材料断口观察结果显示,器断裂机制主要为 Al3Ni 相的沿晶脆性断裂及与基体界面分离 2种断裂模式。退火及轧制工艺对材料性能的影响主要为:长时间退火处理可使 Al3Ni 相明显细化,并使其球化。随着退火时间的延长,材料的硬度先增加后减小;经过多道次的冷轧/热轧工艺,Al3Ni 沉淀相逐步细化,由长棒状被破碎为大小相似的颗粒。     

Al-Si/Al-Mn复合连铸坯料均匀化热处理研究

对Al-Si/Al-Mn复合连铸坯料通过不同热处理温度和保温时间进行了均匀化热处理研究,并对均匀化热处理后的微观组织、硬度和微观成分分布进行了分析。结果表明:Al-Si/Al-Mn复合连铸坯料经过均匀化热处理后,Al-Si合金一侧的微观组织由粗大的网状结构转化成点状或短棒状混合组织,Al-Mn合金一侧微观组织趋于均匀一致,复合界面处的界限更加明显;均匀化热处理后Al-Si合金硬度有明显下降,但对Al-Mn合金的影响较小;微观元素分布分析表明均匀化热处理后溶质元素更加均匀,在复合界面处溶质元素出现互扩散现象,特别是Mg元素扩散后复合界面模糊;综合分析表明,Al-Si/Al-Mn复合连铸坯料在480℃保温15 h后效果最佳。     

道次压下量对2197铝锂合金轧制组织与力学性能的影响

针对铝锂合金塑韧性、成形性差的问题,本工作通过OM/SEM微观组织分析、拉伸及硬度/电导率测试,研究了在总压下量75%条件下、轧制道次压下量(即10%、30%、30%+60%,分别对应小、中、大道次压下量)对2197铝锂合金组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明：道次压下量显著影响铝锂合金的晶粒结构、析出相的数量及分布。轧制态合金的强度随单道次轧制压下量的增加而显著增加、而塑韧性则明显下降。T8时效处理使析出相大量析出,轧制合金中的Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC)效应得到消除,小、大道次压下量轧制合金的力学性能得到显著提升。大压下量轧制合金经时效处理后强塑性综合力学性能最高,抗拉强度为384.94 MPa、断后伸长率为12.45%,较小、中道次压下量轧制时效合金分别提高2%、21%和29%、31%。     

轧制变形对高熵合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

对(FeNi)₆₇Cr₁₅Mn₁₀Al₅Ti₃高熵合金进行退火、冷轧和热轧+冷轧等工艺处理,采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和万能试验机分别对合金进行物相组成、组织形貌以及力学性能测试和表征。结果表明,铸态和退火态的非等主元(FeNi)₆₇Cr₁₅Mn₁₀Al₅Ti₃高熵合金更易形成单相固溶体;在中等变形的热轧+冷轧工艺下,合金形成FCC+BCC的双相固溶体,其屈服强度可提高到460.0 MPa;在中等变形的冷轧工艺下,合金会形成细小的金属间化合物,从而具有细小金属间化合物强化机制,使屈服强度显著提升并达到722.0 MPa,同时,合金仍具有约25.7%的均匀伸长率,综合力学性能最佳。     

新型Al-Ni/7050复合材料中强化相尺度与形态的定量表征

采用熔铸原位合成法制备Al-Ni/7050复合材料,结果显示,原位生成的Al-Ni相尺寸不一,以长径50μm以上为主,拉伸试验发现,Al-Ni硬脆相粗大是引起脆性断裂的主要原因。对7050-10Ni复合材料进行多道次热/冷轧制显示,Al-Ni相尺度与形态递进变化,采用矩形近似测量法测量和表征材料中大块板条第二相尺寸的变化规律,结果表明：轧制后,Al-Ni增强相破碎,由初始树枝状板条破碎为近等轴颗粒,其中冷轧后颗粒棱角破碎迹象明显,热轧后颗粒倾向于保持原有棱角,仅缩小颗粒尺寸,硬度测试表示,Al-Ni相尺寸与硬度有峰值对应关系,其中冷轧加工硬化趋势较明显。     

Enhanced Strength in Cu-Ag-Zr Alloy by Combination of Cold Working and Aging

In this investigation, the effect of different degree of cold rolling and post-aging treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Cu-3wt.%Ag-0.5wt.%Zr alloy was studied by means of hardness measurement, tensile tests, optical and electron microscopy. The alloy was subjected to cold rolling up to 80% followed by aging in the temperature range of 400-500 °C. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and hardness were found to increase as degree of cold rolling increased, but at the expense of ductility. Aging of cold rolled samples in the studied temperature range has resulted in different combinations of strength and ductility. However, aging of cold rolled samples at 400 °C for 1 h has resulted in a combination of high strength and moderate ductility. A yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 511 and 560 MPa, respectively with a ductility of 12% were achieved for 80% cold rolled and aged (400 °C for 1 h) sample. The high strength achieved after 80% cold rolling and aging is mainly attributed to precipitation of fine silver precipitates.     

Effect of deformation temperature on microstructures and properties of 7075/6009 alloy

The 7075/6009 aluminum composite ingot with the diameter of 65 mm was prepared by double-stream-pouring continuous casting. The deformation behavior and the mechanical properties of the composite ingot compressed at 543, 573, 623, 673 and 723 K were analyzed. The results show that the gradient distributions of composition and hardness in the transition layer of the composite plates still exist after plastic deformation of the ingots. Meanwhile, the thickness of the transition layer reduces from millimeter order to micrometer order. The mechanical properties of the composite plate increase with the increase in deformation temperature from 543 K to 673 K. The best mechanical properties of the 7075/6009 aluminum composite are: σ_b=381 MPa, σ_0.2=322 MPa and δ=16.6%. The appropriate deformation temperature range is (0.75–0.85)T_M, where T_M is the melting point of 7075 alloy.     

终轧加工率对钼及钼镧合金板材组织及性能的影响

以粉末冶金方法生产的25min×280min×320mm纯钼及钼镧合金板坯为实验原料,研究了不同的热轧终轧加工率对钼及钼镧合金板显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,将纯钼及钼镧合金板热轧终轧加工率控制在50％以上,轧后纯钼板材的显微组织为细化的纤维流线组织,纵、横向的吃分别为795,885MPa,也分别达到27％,21％,其后续的温轧加工不开裂;而钼镧合金板材不论是显微组织,还是力学性能均好于纯钼。进一步的生产实践证明,将钼及钼镧合金板的热轧终轧加工率控制在50％以上,其强度、塑性和硬度匹配良好,弯曲性能和后序的温轧加工性能明显提高。     

润滑对3104铝合金板变形织构的影响

在无润滑(WOL)和润滑(WL)2种轧制条件下,分别对2.3 mm厚的热轧3104铝合金板进行不同压下量的冷轧.应用取向分布函数(ODF)定量计算和分析在不同轧制压下量下润滑对3104铝合金板材沿板厚方向织构演变的影响.结果表明:随着轧制压下量的增加,样品各层的织构组分强度均逐渐增加;无润滑轧制时样品表面层主要织构组分取向密度普遍高于相同压下量下润滑轧制时的取向密度.导致表面层织构组分增强的原因是摩擦引起应变状态改变的结果.     

Post-treatment Process of Semi-solid Powder Rolling

Semi-solid powder rolling is a strip manufacturing process, which combines powder rolling with semi-solid rolling in one step to prepare high-performance metallic strips. A total of 7050 aluminum alloy strips were prepared by semi-solid powder rolling and then used to study the post-treatment process and evaluate qualities of post-treated strips.Three post-treatment processes involving sintering, pre-sintering—cold deformation—sintering, and hot rolling were used to process the semi-solid powder rolled strips. The results show that both swelling of pores and densification occur during solid-state sintering while microhardness increases. The decrease in density is due to that the swelling of pores has a larger effect on the density change than that of densification. The relative density reaches 92.6% with the maximum microhardness of 300 HV after ‘‘pre-sintering—cold deformation—sintering' process. High microhardness is due to the ultrafine secondary particles uniformly distributed within the grains. The microhardness and relative density of a hot rolled strip are 176 HV and 99%, respectively, and the secondary particles disappear. Occurrence of recrystallization in these three post-treatment processes makes the grains finer.     

轧制变形对CrCoNi中熵合金组织及性能的影响

通过真空悬浮熔炼炉熔炼制备了CrCoNi中熵合金,采用900 ℃热轧(变形量50%)、500 ℃温轧(变形量50%)获得轧制板材,利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、硬度计和万能试验机,研究轧制变形对合金组织结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:CrCoNi中熵合金铸态时为简单的单相FCC固溶体结构,随着轧制变形的进行,无新相产生;CrCoNi合金有较好的塑性变形能力,塑性变形后其力学性能得到大幅度的提升,热轧后,其抗拉强度能达到890 MPa,伸长率能达到60%,并且通过加大变形量以及热轧+温轧的组合可实现强度的进一步的提升;严重的晶格畸变、加工硬化以及细晶强化共同促进了其高强度与良好韧性的结合。     

预轧制路径对ZK60镁合金力学性能的影响

采用低轧制压下量的预冷轧(<3％)来改善轧制ZK60板的力学性能.详细研究轧制路径对力学性能的影响.沿横向的预冷轧和沿法向的预冷轧均可提高屈服强度.但是,在改善综合力学性能方面,沿横向预冷轧比沿法向预冷轧更为有效.预冷轧3％的压下量后,沿横向轧制的样品和沿法向轧制的样品具有相近的拉伸屈服强度(?270 MPa).但是,...     

The preparation and property research of the stainless steel/iron scrap clad plate

As an attempt to recycle iron scraps, a new method is proposed to produce stainless steel clad plate by hot rolling. Iron scraps (Q195) were cold pressed into stainless steel pipe (304), and were subsequently hot rolled to produce composite clad plates at 1250 °C. Experiments showed that the iron scraps could be compressed into solid steel and joined well with the outer stainless steel surface using the proposed method. The shear strength of the bimetallic interface formed is about 273 MPa after seven pass rolling. The clad plates produced show good bending ductility. Element diffusion occurred at the interface during the hot rolling processes. The peak hardness appears in the vicinity of the interface due to the severe plastic deformation under high temperature and pressure during the rolling processes.     

双级固溶工艺对7050铝合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用SEM分析、导电率测试、室温拉伸性能测试等方法,研究了双级固溶工艺对7050铝合金组织演变,以及对双级时效后析出相特征与力学性能的影响。结果表明,与单级固溶处理相比,双级固溶可使难溶的Al₂CuMg相完全固溶,显著增加晶内时效析出相的数量,晶界析出相断续分布。双级固溶处理显著提高了7050铝合金的拉伸强度和导电率,同时保持较好的伸长率,抗拉强度达到611.9 MPa,屈服强度达到587.5 MPa,导电率为42.43%IACS,而伸长率为13.5%。     

时效前冷变形对Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金组织及力学性能的影响

对热轧态Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金进行固溶+时效和固溶+冷轧+时效处理,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和万能力学试验机等研究了各状态合金的微观组织及力学性能。结果表明,冷轧可使饱和Al-Zn固溶体分解,并动态析出Zn相,同时冷轧还促使合金晶粒细化以及位错增殖。人工时效可使合金内析出高密度η′相,而冷轧所导致的高密度位错促进了析出过程并加速了η′相向η相的转变。时效前冷轧可明显优化Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金的力学性能,Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金经固溶+冷轧+70 ℃人工时效后,其屈服强度和极限抗拉强度分别为413和462 MPa,其强化机理包括细晶强化、位错强化和析出强化。而120 ℃时效会加速位错湮灭,从而削弱位错强化效果。     

滚动轧制对铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头性能的影响

采用自制滚动轧制头对5 mm厚铝合金7050搅拌摩擦焊接头的上表面及背面进行滚动轧制,并与其焊接态的接头作对比,研究了滚动轧制对焊接接头性能的影响. 结果表明,滚动轧制后接头表面的粗糙度由最大9.58 μm降低到平均约0.85 μm. 表层发生了剧烈的塑性变形,晶粒明显细化形成约200 μm厚的细晶层,亚表层晶粒细化程度降低,在焊核区伴有剪切带产生. 接头表层硬度明显提高,其平均硬度高达HV210,相比轧制前硬度HV110提高了91%. 接头表层残余应力由原来的拉应力转变为压应力,最大残余压应力场深度约为200 μm. 疲劳源由表层移至亚表层,疲劳寿命显著提高.     

A Study on Subsequent Static Aging and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Rolled AA2017

In this work, the effects of rolling parameters, cooling media, and deformation path on mechanical properties and aging behavior of hot-rolled AA2017 were studied. First, hot-rolling experiments were conducted under different working conditions, and the rolled strips were then aged at room temperature for up to 57 days during which hardness and tensile tests were carried out to record the changes in the mechanical properties of the alloy. Furthermore, due to the importance of static recrystallization on subsequent aging behavior, the rate of recrystallization was also computed. To this end, a mathematical model was developed to predict thermomechanical responses during hot rolling using the finite element software, Abaqus/Explicit. Then, a physically-based model was employed for the determination of the kinetics of static recrystallization using the predicted thermomechanical parameters. Finally, the effects of rolling schedule on the mechanical properties and the aging behavior of rolled alloy were evaluated by means of the experimental results and the predictions. The results indicate that natural aging occurs in the hot-rolled alloy, while its influence on the mechanical properties is highly affected by the static recrystallization occurring in the interpass region and/or after rolling on the run-out table.     

热轧生产工艺对C70250合金力学性能和导电性能的影响

在模拟工业化生产条件下研究C70250合金的热轧、固溶及时效处理工艺,对比C70250合金板坯的热轧、热轧+时效、热轧+冷轧+时效后合金的力学性能与导电性能,同时研究空冷与水冷对材料力学性能的影响.结果表明:时效析出为C70250合金的主要强化手段,时效前的塑性加工能使合金强度提高4%～5%.XRD分析表明:C70250合金铸锭经热轧开坯,在575～725 ℃之间保温1 h,析出相以Ni_2Si为主;合金开轧与终轧温度应控制在(900±50)～725 ℃之间,热轧板冷却速度不小于2.5 ℃/s;固溶处理制度为(900±50) ℃、1～3 h;时效工艺为400～ 450 ℃、4～6 h,该工艺制备的C70250合金抗拉强度不小于644 MPa,电导率IACS为40%,伸长率为8%.