一价Cu掺杂ZnS纳米晶光学性质影响因素分析

利用亚硫酸钠作为还原剂对二价Cu离子的还原制备了一价Cu离子掺杂的ZnS纳米晶。透射电子显微镜观察结果表明所制备的样品的尺寸约为2.7nm,而X射线衍射的结果证明其为立方闪锌矿结构。利用紫外可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱对样品的光学性质进行表征,发现随着Cu离子掺杂浓度的增加,ZnS∶Cu纳米晶的吸收边及紫外光激发下的荧光发射峰均发生了红移现象,且Cu离子浓度越高红移越显著。还原剂量调整的对照试验表明,还原剂过量将导致ZnS∶Cu纳米晶发光峰位的进一步红移。     

混合溶剂及浓度对磺化聚苯乙烯荧光光谱的影响

测定了磺化聚苯乙（ＳＰＳ）在二氯乙烷及混合溶剂中的荧光光谱,在甲苯／甲醇混合溶剂中,ＳＰＳ的荧光光谱随含量变化显示共溶性行为,在稀溶液中,分别在２８５ｎｍ和３３５ｎｍ附近出现两个发射带,它们分别对庆于单体和激基缔合物谱带,随浓度增高,激基合物发射峰出现红移现象,除了单体和激基缔合物发射峰外,在３８０ｎｍ处出现一个“类激基缔合物”发射峰,ＳＰＳ溶液中的“类激基缔合物”荧光发射峰源于在浓溶液中生色团     

稀土Ce掺杂纳米TiO_2的制备及其光催化性能研究

以Ce2O3前驱体,通过溶胶—凝胶法制备一系列Ce3+/TiO2纳米微粒,对样品进行了XRD、DRS表征及吸附和光催化性能测试.结果表明,试验制备Ce3+/TiO2催化剂为锐钛矿TiO2,随Ce3+掺杂量增加,晶面衍射峰强度减弱,说明Ce3+掺杂掺杂有利于提高晶体的热稳定性,阻碍晶粒生长;Ce3+-TiO2的光吸收带边往长波方向移动(红移),意味着可能被可见光激发.吸附和光催化活性试验表明,Ce3+/TiO2催化剂吸附能力超强,阻碍光的利用率,不利于提高二氧化钛光催化降解甲基橙.     

5-磺基水杨酸在不同酸度下的荧光光谱研究

研究了5-磺基水杨酸(5-Sulfosalicylic acid,SSA)在不同酸度下的荧光光谱性质.酸性条件下,SSA的荧光激发峰λex分别位于201,210,236,297 nm,荧光发射峰λem位于401 nm;随pH值升高,荧光激发峰和发射峰均逐步升高,但激发光谱和发射光谱的形状无变化.碱性条件下,随pH值升高,201,210,236,297 nm的激发峰位置发生红移且强度逐渐降低,261 nm出现一个新的逐步升高的激发峰;401 nm位置的荧光发射峰位置发生蓝移,且强度逐渐降低.pH=2~6,荧光强度随pH值升高而上升;pH=6~9.5,荧光强度基本不变;pH=9.5~13.3,荧光强度随pH值升高而下降.同时,讨论了SSA作为三元酸的解离.     

稀土掺杂发光玻璃的全色显示及白光发射

用高温熔融法制备了稀土Ce、Tb和Sm单掺杂和三元共掺杂的CaO-B2O3-SiO2（CBS）发光玻璃材料,并使用荧光分光光度计和CIE色度坐标对其光谱学和发光特性进行了研究.光致发光图谱表明,单掺杂Ce、Tb和Sm的发光玻璃在光激发下分别出现了稀土离子Ce3＋、Tb3＋和Sm3＋的特征发射峰;同时,在374nm激发下,Ce/Tb/Sm三元共掺杂CBS发光玻璃的发射光谱中同时观测到了蓝光、绿光和红橙光的发射带,这些发射带的混合实现了白光的全色发射显示.此外,三元共掺杂发光玻璃显示出了发光颜色随稀土元素共掺杂比的可调节性,极大地扩展了其在白光发光二极管中的应用.     

有机染料在SiO_2凝胶玻璃基质中的荧光谱线位移机制

研究探明了有机染料的荧光发射波长的位移机制 .R6G和 RB染料随掺杂浓度的提高而出现的谱线红移是由于二聚物的形成导致的 ,而凝胶玻璃中 C12 0染料的红移是由溶剂效应引起的 .同时 ,Si O2凝胶玻璃中 RB的谱线红移也可能由酯化反应所导致 ,这种红移在热处理至 3 0 0℃时可由 RB的内酯化产物形成而降低     

稀土修饰TiO2光催化降解甲基橙反应机理

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纯的及掺杂不同量Ce的TiO2纳米粒子,利用UV-Vis漫反射光谱及XRD等对所制备样品进行表征,以紫外灯为光源,甲基橙水溶液的脱色为模型反应,研究了CeO2/TiO2的光催化降解反应活性.实验发现:掺杂Ce的TiO2纳米粒子反射光谱特性向可见光方向红移到了500nm;掺杂Ce的TiO2纳米粒子比纯的TiO2纳米粒子对光的吸收率高、吸收能力强;掺杂的Ce4+仅有少量进入TiO2晶格中,而大部分的Ce4+没有进入TiO2晶格中,而是以小团簇的CeO2形态均匀地分散在TiO2纳米粒子中或者是覆盖在其表面上,说明了掺杂Ce能提高TiO2光催化反应活性,且掺杂Ce最佳浓度是2.0mol%.光催化降解反应机理可能有两种途径,一种途径是掺杂离子协同光催化降解甲基橙反应机理,另一种途径是光敏剂与掺杂离子协同光催化降解甲基橙反应机理.     

白光LED用YAG：Ce3＋，Pr3＋荧光粉的合成与表征

在一氧化碳还原气氛下,通过高温固相法合成了YAG：Ce3＋,Pr3＋黄色荧光粉。研究Pr3＋的掺杂浓度（X）与助熔剂对该荧光粉光学性能的影响,实验结果表明：当P,的掺杂浓度x≤0．012时,光谱强度随X增大而增强;当x〉O．012时,光谱强度随X增大而减弱。同时还发现光谱的峰值和峰形不受X的影响,主激发峰位于468nm,发射峰位于530rim和610nm。在YAG：Ce3＋荧光粉中掺杂Pr3＋增加了荧光粉的红色成分。A1F3做助熔剂时,可以提高荧光粉的发光性能。     

Al掺杂对ZnO薄膜结构和光学性能的影响

研究了Al掺杂对采用直流磁控溅射方法制备的ZnO薄膜结构及光学性能的影响。X射线衍射结果揭示薄膜具有良好的C轴择优取向生长特性,同时,衬底温度对它们的透射谱和荧光谱有着明显影响,所有薄膜都有大于86%的可见光透过率和陡峭的本征吸收边,但ZAO薄膜的光学透过率略低。Al掺杂导致了更宽的光学带隙,光致发光光谱显示ZnO具有较强的近带本征吸收峰和深能级发射峰,但Al掺杂使得深能级发射峰降低。随着衬底温度的升高,近带边吸收峰蓝移,与光学带隙Eg变化趋势一致。     

CdS:Co掺杂量子点的合成与表征

通过微波辐射技术,过度金属钴离子可以成功地掺杂到CdS量子点内部.由于钴离子占据了量子点的中心位置,随着辐射时间的增加,钴离子逐渐向外渗透扩散,伴随此过程,掺杂后的量子点的紫外吸收峰和荧光发射峰都相应地发生了红移.通过X射线衍射和高分辨投射电镜表征发现,掺杂后的晶体依然为立体闪锌矿结构,并且具有量子点的晶体特征;经过紫外吸收和荧光光谱表征发现,与CdS量子点相比,除了荧光光谱的发射峰范围扩宽了50 nm,荧光稳定性和化学稳定性得到了很大的提高.     

Structure Electrical Conducting and Thermal Expansion Properties of Ln0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3 (Ln=La,Pr,Nd,Sm)Ceramics

Ln0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3 (Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm) perovskite-type complex oxides were synthesized using a glycine-nitrate process, and the structure, electrical conducting and thermal expansion properties of the resulting ceramics were examined with regard to the nature of the lanthanide cations. The results indicated that the La, Pr and Nd specimens had a rhombohedral symmetry, while an orthorhombic structure was determined for the Sm specimen. The pseudo-cubic lattice constant decreased with smaller lanthanide cations. It was found that the electrical conducting properties declined with decreasing lanthanide cation size. Fortunately, all the compositions remained rather high electrical conductivities exceeding 650Ω1.cm-1 in the intermediate temperature range (600-800℃). An appreciable thermal expansion increase at high temperatures was detected for all the compositions. Decreasing the size of the lanthanide cations resulted in an increase of thermal expansion. With respect to the high electrical conductivities, the Ln0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3 oxides are considered to be acceptable as mixed conducting component in composite cathode designs together with doped ceria electrolytes.     

X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTRA ANALYSIS ON THE STRUCTURE AROUND Ti4+ OF BaO-SiO2-B2O3-TiO2 SYSTEM GLASSES

The structure around Ti~(4 ) in BaO-SiO_2-B_2O_3-TiO_2 had been studied by X-ray fluorescence spectra. The results show that the Ti~(4 ) mainly exists in the [TiO_4] and enters the network of [SiO_4]. [TiO_4] has the tendency to change to [TiO_6] with the increase of TiO_2 content. When the TiO_2 content increases to about 20mol% the tendency reaches its maximum.     

Coexistence of antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic in Mn-doped anatase TiO2 nanowires

A series of Mn-doped TiO_2 nanowires (NWs) were prepared by hydrothermal method at the mole fraction of Mn changing from 0 to 12.0%. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that all the samples have pure anatase structure. SEM and TEM studies show that the diameter and the length of the Mn-doped TiO_2 NWs are larger than those of the undoped TiO_2 NWs. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) reveals that the samples are composed of Ti, Mn and O. According to magnetization measurements, all samples show ferromagnetic behavior, but only the undopedTiO_2 NWs are completely ferromagnetic with a saturated magnetization about 1.0 mA·m~2/kg. Mn-doped TiO_2 samples exhibit antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic (AF-FM) behaviors simultaneously. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra demonstrate the existence of MnO_2 sublattice. These observations indicate that an AF-WF crossover is induced by the coexistence of TiO_2 sublattice and MnO_2 sublattice.     

TiO2对堇青石微晶玻璃结构及性能的影响

采用IR、XRD、SEM等现代测试方法，着重探讨了晶核剂TiO2对堇青石微晶玻璃的结构与性能的影响。IR研究表明，在经低温热处理的样品中检测到有四配位的钛存在，但在经高温热处理的样品中却未检测到六配位的钛离子的吸收峰，这可能是由于生成的含钛晶相太少，红外光谱未能敏感地检测到。根据微观结构和性能测试结果，发现晶核剂TiO2最佳添加量为质量分数5％，其制备的微晶玻璃的综合性能最佳。     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of Gd-doped TiO_2 nanofibre

1INTRODUCTION TiO2hassomespecialpropertiesincludingphotocatalyticactivity,chemicalstability,andre sistancetowear,non poisonlowcostandcanbepreparedatlowcost.Ifmodifiedwithproperinter mingle,itcanbedirectlyusedinthesunlight.Sotitaniumdioxideisoneofthemostpotentialphoto catalyzers[1,2].Itsphotocatalyticoxidationabilityincreasesrapidlywiththedecreaseofparticledi ameter.Whenitsdiameterreaches10100nm,itwillshowobvioussurfaceeffectandquantumeffect.Moreover,itwillshowhighphotocatalyticactivityif…     

TiO_2 preparation by improved homogeneous precipitation and application in SCR catalyst

Ultrasonic treatment and hydrothermal method were applied in the traditional homogeneous precipitation for nano-TiO_2 preparation, which was used as carrier material for the production of honeycomb selective catalytic reduction(SCR) catalyst. The influence rules of the two improved methods on characterization of TiO_2 samples, denitration activity and mechanical strength of honeycomb SCR catalyst samples were mainly focused on. The results indicate that the specific surface area, particle size and uniformity of TiO_2 samples are significantly improved by both of the ultrasonic and hydrothermal treatments compared with the traditional homogeneous precipitation. Also, the denitration activities of catalyst samples are enhanced by the two improved methods(the NO_x reduction ratio increases from 88.89% to 95.45% by ultrasonic homogeneous precipitation process, and to 94.12% by hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation process). On the other hand, because of good spherical shape and high particle distribution of TiO_2 sample from hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation process, the corresponding honeycomb catalyst samples get the best mechanical strength, which is even higher than that of the reference sample from commercial nano-TiO_2. So, it is concluded that the hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation can be a feasible and effective preparation method of TiO_2 carrier for the honeycomb SCR catalyst production.     

Comparative study on photocatalytic properties of TiO_2 nanoparticles prepared in acidic medium and basic medium by hydrothermal method

In order to investigate the difference of phtotocatalytic propenties of TiO_2 samples prepared in different pH conditions, TiO_2 nanoparticles were prepared in acidic medium and basic medium by a hydrothermal process,respectively.The samples were characterized using XRD,TEM, BET,XPS,surface photovoltage spectroscopy(SPS)and field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy(FISPS).Effects of temperature and pH in the hydrothermal process on particle sizes,specific surface areas,and photocatalytic properties of the TiO_2 nanocrystalline were investigated.The experimental results indicate that the photocatalysis activity of TiO_2 nanoparticles prepared in basic medium (B-TiO_2) is superior to that in acidic medium (A-TiO_2),which is ascribed to the difference of surface state between A-TiO_2 and B-TiO_2.     

Highly Efficient Synthesis of Environmentally Friendly Ag-modified TiO_2 Nanoflowers to Enhance Photocatalytic Performance

Ag-modified TiO_2 nanoflowers were prepared using a two-step process. The experimental process is green and free from contamination and can be synthesized directly at room temperature. Compared with pure TiO_2, Ag-modified TiO_2 enhances the absorption of visible light and effectively promotes the detachment of photoelectron pairs, Ag-TiO_2 has a significantly enhanced visible light response activity to photodecomposition of methyl orange(MO). It is shown that the strong interaction between Ag nanoparticles and TiO_2 enhances the photocatalytic activity of TiO_2 nanoflowers. The self-made open-air reactor was used to test the photocatalytic performance of different samples. The results showed that Ag-modified TiO_2 nanoflowers had excellent photodegradation ability. After repeated photodegradation of MO, Ag-modified TiO_2 nanoflowers showed good stability.     

Fabrication and Photocatalytic Activity of Ag_3PO_4-TiO_2 Heterostructural Nanotube Arrays

To extend the absorption capability of TiO_2 into visible light region and inhibit the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes,we put forward an effective strategy of the coupling of TiO_2 with a suitable semiconductor that possesses a narrow band gap.Meanwhile,Ag_3PO_4-TiO_2 heterostructuralnanotube arrays were prepared by the two-step anodic oxidation to obtain the TiO_2 nanotube arrays and then by a deposition-precipitation method to load Ag_3PO_4.The samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-vis DRS).The experimentalresults showed that Ag_3PO_4 nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the highly ordered TiO_2 nanotube arrays,which increased the visible-light absorption of TiO_2 photocatalyst.The photocurrent density and photocatalytic degradation of methylorange indicated that the performance of Ag_3PO_4-TiO_2 heterostructuralnanotube arrays was better than that of the TiO_2 nanotube arrays,which could be attributed to the effective electron-hole separation and the improved utilization of visible light.     

微波法改性纳米Fe3+/TiO2粉体及性能研究

以十二烷基苯磺酸钠和硬脂酸为表面活性剂,采用微波加热技术对纳米Fe3 /TiO2粉体改性,对改性后的纳米Fe3 /TiO2各项性能进行了测试.结果表明,经过改性的纳米Fe3 /TiO2粉体由极性转化为非极性,同时表现出良好的流动性.此外,十二烷基苯磺酸钠的改性效果优于硬脂酸.