基于残差谱显著性区域提取的极化SAR船只检测

极化合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）包含了丰富的目标散射信息,已被广泛用于海上船只检测.文中将机器视觉中基于残差谱视觉显著性区域提取方法扩展到极化SAR船只检测.首先,全面分析SAR极化特征的船海区分能力,利用5景RADARSAT-2全极化数据,对比45种极化特征的船海欧式距离、巴氏距离和对比度,筛选出16个船海对比度大于20 dB的极化特征;其次,挑选出适用于残差谱显著性区域提取船只检测的极化特征组合,通过特征间互信息、图像对数谱特性分析,确定利用相干矩阵的三个幅度极化特征组合成RGB图像进行船只检测;最后,将本文方法与基于恒虚警率的方法比较.在测试图像中,传统方法的品质因数小于0.9,本文方法的品质因数为0.95.本文方法能够很好地抑制虚警,同时还可直接提取出目标的轮廓等几何信息,具有一定的应用前景.     

基于纹理抑制和连续分布估计的显著性目标检测方法

为了取得更好的显著性检测结果,针对传统的显著性检测方法易造成边界模糊以及应用中央-周边差进行图像检测时,感兴趣目标的内部纹理会破坏目标的整体性的问题,提出了一种基于纹理抑制和连续分布估计的显著性检测方法。先对图像进行双边滤波的预处理,以平滑目标以及背景区域内部的纹理扰动,保留目标与背景之间的主要边缘。再采用SLIC超像素分割算法,对图像中具有相同特征的像素进行分组,通过多维正态分布提取分割区域的特征,利用二范数Wasserstein距离计算区域相似度:结合局部显著性检测以及全局显著性检测实现目标区域的提取。实验结果表明,本文的方法能够较好地提取显著性目标区域。     

基于局部显著性特征的人体检测方法

通过分析人体轮廓的性质,结合Sobel算子、HOG和LBP算子,提出一种基于脊模型的局部显著性特征提取方法,该特征将人体轮廓的方向特性和结构特性有机结合,属于一种多属性融合的人体描述方法。在人体梯度空间中,通过使用改进的LBP算子和简化的梯度方向直方图进行特征的提取、训练和识别。实验表明,使用该特征可有效的减少计算复杂度,提高行人检测速度;但与HOG相比,由于描述人体的特征维数较少,因此人体识别的检测率还有待提高。     

一种基于显著性深度特征的视觉场景识别方法

视觉场景识别是自主导航平台和定位模块中一项基本且极具挑战性的任务。现有的视觉场景识别方法通常对视觉外观变化表现敏感且计算开销大,文章提出了一种无需训练的基于显著性深度特征的视觉场景识别框架。首先,基于预训练的CNN模型对图像提取特征,然后运用聚类等无监督方法和特征剪枝筛选筛选出显著性区域,显著性区域的选取可以显著降低计...     

基于显著性检测的不同视角下红外与可见光图像融合

融合红外图像的热源目标和可见光图像的清晰背景可以实现低照度条件下与场景关联的异常行为识别。现有以特征匹配为主的融合方法,受监控场景下可见光与红外成像的尺度、视角、目标特性等差异影响,配准及融合效率及准确性受限。针对该问题,本文提出了基于显著性检测的不同视角下红外与可见光图像融合方法。通过预设热敏感目标,计算可见光与红外的视场转换模型,预先配准红外与可见光视场。使用Mask R-CNN网络提取红外图像中的行人目标显著性区域,根据视场转换模型点将每个目标区域与可见光图像局部融合。最后,通过违规入侵行为辨识为目标进行实验验证。实验表明,论文提出的融合方法能够有效地将红外图像的热敏目标信息与可见光的场景进行融合,可以准确地判断是否发生违规入侵行为。     

鲁棒的实时多车辆检测与跟踪系统设计

场景中的运动阴影导致多目标粘连,车辆间的相互遮挡使得跟踪识别困难.本文针对这两个影响实时车辆检测与跟踪系统性能的主要因素,采用基于无偏卡尔曼滤波器(UKF)的方法为场景背景建模,提取出运动区域,再通过边缘特征检测出场景中的运动阴影,然后利用角点信息将目标与阴影分离;提出了一种基于运动预测框的目标跟踪算法,将它与基于车辆平行四边形轮廓的遮挡分割方法结合,构建了多车辆目标的实时跟踪系统,并用实验验证了它的实用性与鲁棒性.     

基于全卷积网络的语义显著性区域检测方法研究

基于底层视觉特征和先验知识的显著性区域检测算法难以检测一些复杂的显著性目标,人的视觉系统能分辨这些目标是由于其中包含丰富的语义知识.本文构建了一个基于全卷积结构的语义显著性区域检测网络,用数据驱动的方式构建从图像底层特征到人类语义认知的映射,提取语义显著性区域.针对网络提取的语义显著性区域的缺点,本文进一步引入颜色信息、目标边界信息、空间一致性信息获得准确的超像素级前景和背景概率.最后提出一个优化模型融合前景和背景概率信息、语义信息、空间一致性信息得到最终的显著性区域图.在6个数据集上与15种最新算法的比较实验证明了本文算法的有效性和鲁棒性.     

海上舰船目标轮廓检测算法

利用高分辨率光学遥感图像对海上舰船进行监控,具有广阔的应用前景。针对舰船轮廓检测时易受干扰,且对噪声敏感的问题,为了更精确地检测舰船轮廓,以关键点描述方法理论为基础,提出了新的关键点检测方法。基于灰度信息提取出舰船目标区域,结合灰度和形状信息,提取出对称点对来检测关键点,对舰船轮廓拟合效果较好。该船只轮廓检测算法结合舰船灰度特征和形状特征,适用于多种船形和场景,轮廓检测效果良好,鲁棒性强。     

基于图像显著轮廓的目标检测

为了应对由复杂场景和目标形变所造成的目标难以检测的问题,提出一种基于图像显著性轮廓的目标检测方法.该方法首先利用全局概率边界算法（Globalized probability of boundary,gPb）提取图像轮廓,然后利用改进的最大类间方差法（Otsu）自适应地阈值处理获得图像的显著性轮廓;再通过检测并移除目标不稳定轮廓部分构造目标的鲁棒扇形模型;最后联合轮廓的多种局部及全局特征提出三种相似且基于特征概率密度分布的匹配策略,分别检测目标、目标镜面翻转以及发生旋转的目标.通过对多个数据库的实验分析,该方法能够有效地检测出目标及目标镜面翻转,同时在小偏转角范围有效检测旋转后的目标.     

基于显著性特征和DCNN的高分遥感影像场景分类

高分遥感影像的场景分类是解译遥感影像信息的重要工作之一.为了准确提取出目标信息,针对高分遥感影像场景分类中存在的背景复杂、目标多样、目标信息与背景信息难以区分等问题,提出了一种基于显著性特征和深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)的高分遥感影像场景分类方法.首先,利用K-means聚类与超像素分割算法得到影像的颜色空间分布与颜色对比图,融合不同对比图,以得到显著图.然后,通过对数变换增强显著图中的特征,采用自适应阈值分割方法提高目标的区分度并划分出目标区域和背景区域,以提取出感兴趣区域.最后,构建了一种用于提取深层语义特征的DCNN模型,并将得到的特征输入网络模型中进行训练和分类.实验结果表明,本方法能有效区分主要目标信息与背景信息,减少无关信息的干扰,在UC-Merced数据集和WHU-RS数据集上的分类精度分别为96.10％和95.84％.     

Saliency model-based face segmentation and tracking in head-and-shoulder video sequences

In this paper, a novel face segmentation algorithm is proposed based on facial saliency map (FSM) for head-and-shoulder type video application. This method consists of three stages. The first stage is to generate the saliency map of input video image by our proposed facial attention model. In the second stage, a geometric model and an eye-map built from chrominance components are employed to localize the face region according to the saliency map. The third stage involves the adaptive boundary correction and the final face contour extraction. Based on the segmented result, an effective boundary saliency map (BSM) is then constructed, and applied for the tracking based segmentation of the successive frames. Experimental evaluation on test sequences shows that the proposed method is capable of segmenting the face area quite effectively.     

非清晰区域抑制下的显著对象检测方法

基于上下文感知的显著区域检测模型（Context-Aware,CA）对于大目标和复杂背景图像中显著对象检测存在检测内容缺失和误检的问题.在CA模型的基础上,引入图像清晰度的视觉反差特性,提出非清晰区域抑制下的图像显著对象检测方法.该方法以离散度作为判断图像中是否存在清晰度差异的标准,并对存在差异的图像进行抑制.实验结果表明,非清晰区域抑制的CA方法可以在较好的解决大目标检测和复杂背景误检问题,提高了显著对象检测精度.     

High-level background prior based salient object detection

Salient object detection is a fundamental problem in computer vision. Existing methods using only low-level features failed to uniformly highlight the salient object regions. In order to combine high-level saliency priors and low-level appearance cues, we propose a novel Background Prior based Salient detection method (BPS) for high-quality salient object detection.Different from other background prior based methods, a background estimation is added before performing saliency detection. We utilize the distribution of bounding boxes generated by a generic object proposal method to obtain background information. Three background priors are mainly considered to model the saliency, namely background connectivity prior, background contrast prior and spatial distribution prior, allowing the proposed method to highlight the salient object as a whole and suppress background clutters.Experiments conducted on two benchmark datasets validate that our method outperforms 11 state-of-the-art methods, while being more efficient than most leading methods.     

基于显著性区域的图像分割

在经典的Chan-Vese模型中结合显著性分析,提出了一种有效的目标分割方法.即首先利用频谱残差方法提取图像的显著性区域,针对阈值分割方法的缺点使用改进的自适应阈值分割方法获取目标的大致轮廓,并以此轮廓作为Chan-Vese模型中初始曲线.该方法使得活动轮廓可以从靠近目标物体的位置进行演化,去除复杂背景的干扰.这样就解决了背景复杂时无法得到较为准确的边缘的问题;同时,也减少了CV模型的迭代次数.实验结果表明无论是背景复杂的灰度图像还是医学彩色图像,该算法的分割精度和运行效率都优于CV模型.     

Visual saliency detection: From space to frequency

In this paper, a new saliency detection model is proposed based on a space-to-frequency transformation. Firstly, the equivalence of spatial filtering and spectral modulation is demonstrated to explain the intrinsic mechanism of typical frequency-based saliency models. Then a novel frequency-based saliency model is presented based on the Fourier Transformation of multiple spatial Gabor filters. Besides, a new saliency measurement is proposed to implement the competition between saliency maps at multiple scales and the fusion of color channels. In experiments, we use a set of typical psychological patterns and four popular human fixation datasets to test and evaluate the proposed model. In addition, a new energy-based criterion is proposed to evaluate the performance of our model and is compared with five traditional saliency metrics for validation. Experimental results show that our model outperforms most of the competing models in salient object detection and human fixation prediction.     

Salient object detection via a boundary-guided graph structure

Graph-based salient object detection methods have gained more and more attention recently. However, existing works fail to separate effectively salient object and background in some challenging scenes. Inspired by this observation, we propose an effective salient object detection method based on a novel boundary-guided graph structure. More specifically, the input image is firstly segmented into a series of superpixels. Then we integrate two prior cues to generate the coarse saliency map, a novel weighting mechanism is proposed to balance the proportion of two prior cues according to their performance. Secondly, we propose a novel boundary-guided graph structure to explore deeply the intrinsic relevance between superpixels. Based on the proposed graph structure, an iterative propagation mechanism is constructed to refine the coarse saliency map. Experimental results on four datasets show adequately the superiority of the proposed method than other state-of-the-art methods.     

Image saliency estimation via random walk guided by informativeness and latent signal correlations

Visual saliency is an effective tool for perceptual image processing. In the past decades, many saliency models have been proposed by primarily considering visual cues such as local contrast and global rarity. However, such explicit cues derived only from input stimuli are often insufficient to separate targets from distractors, leading to noisy saliency maps. In fact, the latent cues, especially the latent signal correlations that link visually distinct stimuli (e.g., various parts of a salient target), may also play an important role in saliency estimation. In this paper, we propose a graph-based approach for image saliency estimation by incorporating both explicit visual cues and latent signal correlations. In our approach, the latent correlations between various image patches are first derived according to the statistical prior obtained from 10 million reference images. After that, the informativeness of image patches and their latent correlations are jointly considered to construct a directed graph, on which a random walking process is performed to generate saliency maps that pop-out only the most salient locations. Experimental results show that our approach achieves impressive performances on three public image benchmarks.     

一种基于视觉显著图的舰船红外图像目标检测方法

提出了一种基于视觉显著图的红外舰船目标定位方法,即通过改进的Itti模型生成视觉显著图,并基于视觉显著图分割出目标区域,从而实现目标检测。先用小波变换替代Itti模型中的高斯滤波来生成图像多尺度金字塔,然后用center—surround算子提取出多尺度的视觉差异特征,并对生成的视觉特征图进行合成,生成显著图。最后,利用阈值分割方法分割出目标区域,并对原始图像进行标记,从而实现目标检测。实验结果表明,与传统的Otsu阈值分割方法相比,该方法能够准确检测出目标区域。     

A depth perception and visual comfort guided computational model for stereoscopic 3D visual saliency

With the emerging development of three-dimensional (3D) related technologies, 3D visual saliency modeling is becoming particularly important and challenging. This paper presents a new depth perception and visual comfort guided saliency computational model for stereoscopic 3D images. The prominent advantage of the proposed model is that we incorporate the influence of depth perception and visual comfort on 3D visual saliency computation. The proposed saliency model is composed of three components: 2D image saliency, depth saliency and visual comfort based saliency. In the model, color saliency, texture saliency and spatial compactness are computed respectively and fused to derive 2D image saliency. Global disparity contrast is considered to compute depth saliency. Particularly, we train a visual comfort prediction function to distinguish stereoscopic image pair as high comfortable stereo viewing (HCSV) or low comfortable stereo viewing (LCSV), and devise different computational rules to generate a visual comfort based saliency map. The final 3D saliency map is obtained by using a linear combination and enhanced by a “saliency-center bias” model. Experimental results show that the proposed 3D saliency model outperforms the state-of-the-art models on predicting human eye fixations and visual comfort assessment.