不同牌号丁苯橡胶的耐低温性能研究

研究3种牌号丁苯橡胶(SKMS-10,SL-4525-0,SBR1502)的硫化特性、物理性能和耐低温性能。结果表明:SKMS-10具有优异的耐低温性能,生胶的玻璃化转变温度(T_g)为-73.3℃,硫化胶的T_g为-59.8℃,适于在极寒条件下使用;SL-4525-0胶料的F_max-FL较大,硫化胶的拉伸强度为19.3 MPa,撕裂强度为53 kN·m^-1,T_g为-48.6℃,具有优异的综合性能;SBR1502硫化胶的拉伸强度高达24.9 MPa,撕裂强度为49 kN·m^-1,但T_g为-38.4℃,耐低温性能较差,适用于载荷较大且耐低温性能要求不高的橡胶减振制品。     

多壁碳纳米管/有机硅改性环氧树脂复合材料的研制

以有机硅改性EP(环氧树脂)为聚合物基体、经强碱处理及硅烷偶联剂表面改性的MWCNTs(多壁碳纳米管)为功能性填料,采用原位聚合法制备了MWCNTs/有机硅改性EP复合材料。研究结果表明:经表面改性处理后的MWCNTs可在聚合物基体中良好分散,当w(MWCNTs)=0.6%(相对于有机硅改性EP质量而言)时,复合材料的拉伸强度(86.03 MPa)、弯曲强度(154.07 MPa)相对最大,并且比表面未改性的MWCNTs体系分别提高了17.12%、8.19%。     

预处理对汉麻杆芯粉填充天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶性能的影响

以废旧的生物质材料汉麻杆芯粉(HP)为填料,通过不同的预处理改性,研究了其对所填充的天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶(NR/SBR)复合材料的硫化性能、微观形态结构、拉伸力学性能、动态力学性能以及耐磨性和耐疲劳性能的影响。结果表明,具有较小尺寸的HP对橡胶的硫化性能影响不大,填充后的硫化胶拉伸断裂强度从3.5 MPa增加到10.6 MPa,撕裂强度从22.9 kN/m增加到32.9 kN/m,但耐磨性和耐疲劳性能下降;改性处理明显改善了填充效果,乳液改性处理方法优于偶联剂改性处理方法。     

改性凹凸棒土补强丁苯橡胶的研究

在大量实验的基础上,选择分别含有氨乙基和巯基的两种硅烷偶联剂协同改性具有纳米纤维结构的凹凸棒上(AT),作为橡胶的补强填料.研究了凹土改性工艺及填充量对改性凹土(MAT)填充丁苯橡胶(MAT/SBR)力学性能的影响,利用X射线衍射(XRD)分析比较了MAT晶体结构变化,并结合扫描电镜(SEM)观察填料在橡胶基体中的分散性.结果表明:尽管AT未经阳离子化处理,橡胶分子链通过机械混炼就能插层到凹土层间,形成插层型的MAT/SBR复合材料.SEM观察显示,改性凹土能够以单根纳米纤维的形式均匀分散在橡胶基体中,并与橡胶形成良好的界面结合,从而使MAT/SBR的拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别由补强前的1.73 MPa和9.78 kN·m-1提高到21.31 MPa和77.67 kN·m-.     

赤泥改性及其对丁苯橡胶复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响

烧结法赤泥分别经硬脂酸、铝酸酯偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂和十二烷基苯磺酸钠湿法球磨改性后,与丁苯橡胶（SBR）进行熔融共混,制得改性赤泥/SBR复合材料,然后对改性赤泥和赤泥/SBR复合材料的表面性质、微观结构和力学性能进行表征测试。结果表明：球磨改性后的赤泥粒度减小,表面官能团含量发生变化。经硅烷偶联剂改性的赤泥,Si—O—C和Si—O—Si官能团含量增加,触角明显增大;改性赤泥在丁苯胶复合材料中分散性和相容性增加,硅烷偶联剂改性后的赤泥填充橡胶复合材料的力学性能显著增加,拉伸和撕裂强度分别由纯胶的1.6MPa和8.8 kN/m²增加到9.8MPa和21.6kN/m²,改性赤泥补强效果较为明显。     

芦苇/碳纤维补强PP/EVA复合材料性能研究

将芦苇(L)、碳纤维(C)与聚丙烯(PP)和乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)进行共混,制备了L/C/PP/EVA复合材料,并研究L/C复配比例对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:当L/C复配比例为1∶5时,PP/EVA复合材料的综合力学性能较好;与L/C/PP/EVA复合材料相比,改性芦苇和碳纤维复配补强PP/EVA复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了1.44 MPa,4.76 MPa和0.83 k J·m^-2,但加工流动性有所下降。     

石墨烯纳米片/顺丁橡胶复合材料的制备和性能研究

采用高比表面积的石墨烯纳米片(GNP)对顺丁橡胶(BR)进行改性研究,考察不同质量份的GNP对BR的影响。采用扫描电镜分析GNP在基体中的分散情况以及与基体相容性,通过万能拉伸试验机和动态热力学分析仪的测试考察GNP填料对复合材料力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:GNP与BR具有良好的相容性,且当GNP用量为1质量份(BR用量为100质量份,下同)时,复合材料的力学性能最优,断裂强度可达9.11 MPa,断裂伸长率达到221%,撕裂强度为46 kN/m,与未添加GNP改性的复合材料相比断裂强度和撕裂强度分别提高了45%和24%;复合材料在不同频率范围内的储能模量均明显提高,但过量的GNP(GNP用量大于1质量份)对BR的增强效果不明显。     

HDPE/改性蛭石复合材料的制备与气体阻隔性能研究

利用改性后的蛭石作为填充材料,通过熔融共混法制备了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/改性蛭石复合材料。研究了改性蛭石的添加量对复合材料热稳定性能、结晶性能、力学性能和氧气阻隔性能的影响。结果表明,相比纯HDPE,HDPE/改性蛭石复合材料仍能保持较好的拉伸强度,当含量为1%时拉伸强度为24.1 MPa,断裂伸长率先提高后下降,当含量为0.5%时断裂伸长率达到最高为535%;改性蛭石的加入提升了材料的韧性,当改性蛭石含量为1%时材料缺口冲击强度达到最高为45.8 kJ/m²;HDPE/改性蛭石复合材料的氧气阻隔性能明显提升,当改性蛭石含量为1%时材料的氧气阻隔性能达到最优,氧气渗透系数为6.9×10^-15 cm³·cm/(cm²·s·Pa)。     

低掺杂石墨烯对聚氨酯弹性体的增强作用

采用预聚体法,以聚环氧丙烷醚二醇、4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-丁二醇为原料,羧甲基纤维素钠改性的电化学法石墨烯（GN）为填料,制备了聚氨酯弹性体（PUE）/GN复合材料,并对PUE/GN复合材料进行了测试与表征。结果表明：GN在PUE基体中分散良好,与基体的相容性良好;与PUE相比,PUE/GN复合材料的热性能、力学性能显著提高,当掺杂0.10%(w)的GN时,PUE/GN复合材料的拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别达到38.64 MPa,97.79kN/m,质量损失5%时的温度提高20℃。     

天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶/Ni/MWCNTs复合材料的结构与吸波性能

以Ni和多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为填料,天然橡胶(NR)/丁苯橡胶(SBR)共混物为基体,采用机械共混法制备了性能优异的NR/SBR/Ni/MWCNTs多维复合材料,研究了填料共混及其组成对复合材料微观形貌和电磁损耗网络行为的影响.结果表明:Ni与MWCNTs共混有助于促进两者在橡胶基体中的分散,形成更优的双填料网...     

Surface modification of nanocrystalline cellulose and its application in natural rubber composites

As a biopolymer with high mechanical strength, nanocellulose was generally considered as a green filler for reinforcing polymer. In this study, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) isolated from softwood pulp was successfully modified by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB), a cationic surfactant, and the modified nanocrystalline cellulose (m-NCC) was used to reinforce natural rubber (NR). In this composite architecture, it was found that when the filler content was 5 or 10 phr, the surface modification of NCC improved the dispersion state of NCC in NR matrix and the interfacial interaction between NR and NCC. Therefore, the NR/m-NCC composites exhibited outstanding mechanical properties, and its tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength was increased by 132.8, 20, and 66.1%, respectively, compared to pristine NR composites. Besides, the modified NCC could accelerate the vulcanization and improve wet-skid resistance and aging resistance of NR composites. It is envisioned that the modified NCC has the potential to be generalized to manufacturing other polymer matrix composites strengthened with nanocellulose.     

Chemically modified starch reinforced natural rubber composites

Chemically modified starch paste (MST) with polybutylacrylate (PBA) graft chains is investigated as a reinforcing filler of rubber through mixing and co-coagulating with natural rubber (NR) latex. The PBA graft chains are designed to prevent hydrogen bonding and crystallization of starch and to improve compatibility between starch and rubber. Through the comparison of mechanical properties and phase morphology, MST is proved to be much superior to unmodified starch paste. Unmodified starch paste acts as essentially inert filler causing a decrease of tensile strength, tear strength and elongation at break. In contrast, optimum MST shows obvious reinforcement effect on NR matrix by increasing tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength besides modulus and hardness. Moreover, fine starch dispersion and strong interfacial interaction are achieved in NR/MST composites. The observed reinforcement effect is interpreted based on the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses of grafted starch in comparison with natural starch and gelatinized starch.     

Cure characteristics,mechanical, thermal,and coloring properties of natural rubber/dye‐loaded shell powder composites

To explore the application of shell powder (SP) in rubber, a dye‐loaded SP (DSP) bio‐filler based on SP and Congo red was incorporated into natural rubber (NR). The adsorption experiments demonstrated that the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of Congo red onto SP was 69.3 mg/g. The effect of aluminate coupling agent and DSP was investigated by evaluating the cure characteristics, mechanical, thermal, and coloring properties of NR/DSP composites. It was suggested that the optimum amount of aluminate coupling agent was 2 wt %, and the best tensile strength (24.80 MPa) of vulcanizates was achieved at the DSP content of 20 phr, while other mechanical properties such as tear strength kept increasing with the addition of DSP. Furthermore, the improved thermal stability and uniform color distribution of the NR composites was obtained. The results indicate that DSP is promising to become a low‐cost filler and pigment for rubber materials. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45750.     

Maleated Natural Rubber as a Coupling Agent for Recycled High Density Polyethylene/Natural Rubber/Kenaf Powder Biocomposites

Kenaf powder (KP) was incorporated into recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE)/natural rubber (NR) blend using an internal mixer at 165°C and rotor speed of 50 rpm. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites decreased, while the tensile modulus increased with increasing filler loading. The water absorption was found to increase as the filler content increased. The maleic anhydride grafted natural rubber was prepared and used to enhance the composites performance. The addition of MANR as a coupling agent improved the tensile properties of rHDPE/NR/KP biocomposites. The water absorption was also reduced with the addition of MANR.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Composites of Polypyrrole/Polypyrrole-Coated Short Nylon Fiber and Natural Rubber

Pyrrole was polymerized in the presence of anhydrous ferric chloride as oxidant and p-toluene sulphonic acid as dopant. Polypyrrole-coated short Nylon fibers were prepared by polymerizing pyrrole in the presence of short Nylon fibers. The resultant polypyrrole (PPy) and polypyrrole-coated Nylon fiber (F-PPy) were characterized using SEM and then used to prepare rubber composites based on natural rubber. The cure pattern, cure kinetics, filler dispersion, DC conductivity, mechanical properties and morphology of the resulting composites were studied. The presence of PPy-coated fibers in the natural rubber/PPy system reduced the cure time significantly. The DC conductivity of the composites was found to be better for the F-PPy system compared to PPy-filled NR composite. The F-PPy system also showed better tensile strength, modulus and tear resistance.     

不同种类短纤维对天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶复合材料性能的影响

分别以尼龙66短纤维、芳纶短纤维及聚酯短纤维作为增强剂,天然橡胶（NR）和丁苯橡胶（SBR）作为基体制备了短纤维增强NR/SBR（短纤维/NR/SBR）复合材料,采用正交实验方法研究了短纤维种类、长度及用量对短纤维/NR/SBR复合材料的拉伸性能、硬度、撕裂强度的影响。结果表明,经过浸渍处理后的尼龙66短纤维与NR/SBR基体之间的结合最为紧密;浸渍处理后的尼龙66短纤维可以有效提高NR/SBR复合材料的拉伸强度,在一定范围内,随着短纤维长度和用量的增加,短纤维/NR/SBR复合材料的拉伸强度有所提高;短纤维的加入提高了NR/SBR复合材料的撕裂强度和硬度,但扯断伸长率则有所下降。     

反式聚辛烯橡胶改性天然橡胶/顺丁橡胶共混胶的性能

研究了反式聚辛烯橡胶(TOR)改性天然橡胶(NR)/顺丁橡胶(BR)(二者质量比80/20)共混胶的性能.结果表明,采用5～15份(质量,下同)TOR改性NR/BR混炼胶的门尼黏度逐渐降低、Payne效应基本不变,共混胶的焦烧时间和工艺正硫化时间延长、硫化速率减慢.相比NR/BR硫化胶,NR/BR/TOR硫化胶的拉伸强...