基于斜投影极化滤波的高频雷达电台干扰抑制

为进一步扩展可有效抑制短波电台干扰的极化滤波在非正交极化情况下的应用范围,提出了一种新的极化滤波方法,将目标和干扰信号的极化参数分别看做干扰子空间和信号子空间,构造斜投影算子形成斜投影极化滤波器,进而在时域和频域利用斜投影极化滤波器来消除干扰。理论分析和仿真结果表明该算法方便、有效,可对高频地波雷达系统中的电台干扰进行有效的抑制,是传统极化滤波器的推广。     

一种改进的多普勒中心频率估计方法

在合成孔径雷达成像及其应用中,需要对多普勒中心频率进行估计。在分析目标回波多普勒历程的时频模型基础上,提出了一种时频滤波的方法,该方法通过滤除部分强散射点的时频分布来消除功率谱的扭曲,进而提高多普勒中心频率估计的精度。实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

Static beamforming method of frequency diverse array

Focused on the time-varying property of the transmit beampattern of the frequency diverse array, a static transmit beamforming method is proposed to control the beampattern of the pulsed frequency diverse array, and the characteristics of its radiating pattern are studied. With a tiny progressive incremental frequency shift applied between the adjacent antenna elements, a range-angle dependent radiating pattern is achieved. Compared with the conventional phased array, the frequency diverse array is low in price and small in complexity without the use of phase shifters, which enables it to be suitable for the miniaturization design of an array antenna. Moreover, its range-angle dependent characteristic significantly enhances the flexibility of antenna beam scanning. Simulation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

高频雷达频率监测系统的时频抗脉冲干扰方法

通过分析脉冲干扰在高频雷达频率监测系统(FMS)中的时频特性,提出了通过时频处理剔除脉冲干扰的一种有效方法．用二维OS算法实时获得强脉冲干扰下的噪声基底,用幅度和百分率双门限方法检测脉冲干扰、实际应用表明,该方法能够很好地提高FMS的性能、     

New method for range-ambiguous clutter suppression in non-side-looking airborne radar

To suppress the seriously range-ambiguous clutter, an approach based on the frequency diverse array (FDA) technique is proposed. Based on the space-time signal model in FDA radar, the frequency increment is designed to distinguish the clutter at ambiguous ranges and avoid signal decorrelation. Then, the subspace projection algorithm is used for range-ambiguous clutter suppression. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Even when the number of the elevation degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) is limited, the proposed method performs better than the conventional elevation filtering method.     

Linear frequency diversity array synthetic aperture radar imaging based on enhanced back-projection algorithm

Based on the signal model of multiple carrier frequency (MCF) for linear frequency diversity array synthetic aperture radar (LFDA-SAR), we propose an enhanced back-projection (EBP) algorithm. Compensation for the quadratic phase error in echoes is executed and the spatial-variant range drifting amount and phase of the target are amended during the process of back-projection. The proposed algorithm can effectively rectify the image blurring and geometric distortion problem in classical back-projection imaging results, realize a high precision imaging of targets with an arbitrary imaging geometry and distinguish adjacent strong and weak targets. All results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

交替极化敏感阵列投影滤波性能分析

针对基于极化敏感阵列的传统投影滤波中阵列结构设备量大、对极化参数要求高以及无法确定滤波损失量等问题,以交替极化敏感阵列为信号接收模型,在设备量减半的情况下也可有效滤波,解决了极化敏感阵列结构性价比较低的问题.同时对传统投影滤波算法做了改进,新的斜投影滤波在期望信号极化参数未知的情况下推导出斜投影滤波算子,再利用该算子提取干扰信号,然后利用对消原理获取纯净的期望信号,有效地解决了传统斜投影滤波对极化参数要求较高的问题;而新的正交投影滤波通过构造正交投影滤波算子,可以确定滤波损失量的变化情况.分析结果表明:改进的斜投影滤波,可以有效地滤除干扰信号,极大地拓展斜投影滤波的限制条件;改进的正交投影滤波可以获得滤波损失量,具有重大的理论意义.     

宽带非平稳信号的瞬时频率测量方法

针对宽带非平稳信号,提出一种瞬时频率测量方法.利用加限自适应滤波器将信号分解为多个渐进单频信号,根据其解析信号的相位函数求出其瞬时频率;综合所有分量的时频关系实现对宽带非平稳信号瞬时频率的准确测量.仿真实验和误差分析结果表明,该方法克服了Fourier分析、Wavelet变换和Hilbert-Huang算法求解宽带非平稳信号瞬时频率的困难,在整个分析频段都能实现较高的频率测量分辨率,对信噪比在0dB以上的信号具有优于0.2MHz的测量误差.对8μs长度信号,该方法除了有25.816μs初始运算延时外,对连续数据处理具有实时性,能够满足宽带非平稳信号频率的瞬时测量要求.     

预应力水平拉杆作用效应增量的计算

根据瑞利—李滋法,对先张法预应力吊车梁首次提出了预应力水平拉杆作用效应增量的计算公式.效应增量对吊车梁是有利的,可以提高预应力的利用率,从而提高吊车梁的承载能力.利用本公式确定水平拉杆作用效应增量,不仅可避免直接将最大拉应力作为初始预应力造成的危险,而且降低了施加初始预应力的难度.算例表明,所提出的公式具有简洁明了、适用性强、计算精确度高的特点.     

频变交叉耦合滤波器的矩阵优化综合方法

为了解决传统交叉耦合滤波器模型中的非频变耦合系数无法准确表征宽带条件下耦合结构的频率特性问题,提出了一种含有频变耦合系数的N+2型交叉耦合滤波器矩阵优化综合方法。首先通过矩阵的缩放和相似变换过程,将指定拓扑的N+2型频变耦合矩阵变换为非频变耦合矩阵;然后以N+2型全规范耦合矩阵的特征值为趋近目标构造目标函数;最后通过梯度优化算法进行搜索,即可获得指定拓扑的N+2型频变耦合矩阵。不同拓扑结构的优化综合实例表明,该方法可以高效地解决复杂频变交叉耦合滤波器的综合问题。     

雷达波形优化的特征互信息方法

针对扩展目标识别中距离敏感性的波形优化问题,在通用注水法的基础上提出了基于特征提取的波形优化设计方法,简称为特征互信息方法．该方法通过最大化识别特征与目标特性之间的互信息以达到增加各类目标可分性的目的．仿真结果表明,相对于线性调频信号和注水法优化信号,特征互信息方法优化信号可以得到更大的互信息,并能较好地提高目标的识别性能．     

减少速度更新频率的混沌粒子群算法

把速度更新策略和混沌优化相结合,提出了减少速度更新频率的混沌粒子群算法．该算法根据群体适应值的方差进行早熟收敛判断,从而使算法摆脱后期易于陷入局部最优点的束缚,同时又保持前期优秀的搜索速度的特性．通过几个基准函数测试,结果表明,新算法的性能较基本粒子群优化算法有明显的改善．     

Energy increment criteria for evaluation of train derailment

The criteria for evaluation of train derailment were studied. The worldwide commonly used evaluation criteria for wheel derailment were summarized and their main problems were pointed out. The mechanism of train derailment was expounded on the basis of system dynamics stability concept. And the energy increment criteria were proposed to evaluate train derailment. By applying the criteria, the calculated results concerning 6 cases of freight train derailment on tangent railway line and 6 cases of freight train derailment on bridge were obtained, which are all in agreement with the practical situation. The safety, comfort and stability results concerning 3 cases of freight train running on bridge were analyzed. In addition, the running speed limits of freight train on the Yanconggou and Donggou bridge in the Beijing-Tonghua railway line of 50 km/h and 60 km/h, respectively, were proposed. And the running speed of freight train on the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge can reach 70 km/h.     

基于相电流增量的故障区间定位新方法

为解决配电网单相接地故障时定位效果不佳的问题,根据故障发生后健全线路及故障线路故障点下游暂态三相电流增量波形相似,而故障线路故障点上游故障相与非故障相暂态相电流增量波形差异较大的特点,提出一种基于相电流增量的故障区间定位新方法。该方法利用各个检测点的三相电流增量求出各自的功率系数并发送到主机,通过对比相邻检测点的功率系数判断出故障区间。其优势在于仅利用电流作为故障区间定位特征量的同时减少了通信系统的压力。通过仿真和数据分析表明,该方法在各种初始电压相位下发生高、中、低阻接地时均能正确的判断出故障区间,具有原理简单、适用性好的特点。     

New smart noise jamming of radar signal frequency modulation

A new frequency modulation smart noise jamming technique is proposed against the radar linear frequency modulation(LFM) signal and pulse compression processing.The jamming signal is acquired by modulating the received radar signal frequency with gause white noise.It can produce frequency domain deceptive jamming and Doppler frequency narrowband noise jamming according to the gause white noise bandwidth.This smart noise jamming signal has much correlation with the radar signal, can get a high pulse compression gain after matched filtering and raising the jamming power efficiency.     

建立熵增加原理的一种简便方法

本文根据物理量之间的对称关系应用类比的方法引出了熵的概念 ,并得到熵的性质 ;利用可逆过程与不可逆过程中的功能关系的对比建立了熵增加原理。     

LFM信号调频非线性测试技术

表面声波（ＳＡＷ）器件所产生的大时宽大频宽的线性调频信号在脉冲压缩雷达、逆合成孔径雷达（ＩＳＡＲ）等设备中得到广泛的应用,其调频线性度对设备性能有着重要的影响,因此测量ＳＡＷ器件所生线性调频信号的调频线性度就成为评价该器件性能的关键技术。信号频率是线性调制,其相位就是平方率调制,在调制时间（脉冲宽度）内,信号相位将变化几千个３６０°,在这么大的测量数据中,使测量精度为几度十分困难。本文利用ＨＰ８５     

多天线正交频分复用的频偏估计算法研究

针对基于多入多出技术和正交频分复用技术(MIMO-OFDM)相结合的分布式系统能够很好的利用多径效应提高天线分集接收性能的特性,提出一种基于IEEE802.16m的分布式MIMO-OFDM系统频偏估计方案,给出分布式MIMO-OFDM系统中抗多天线干扰的解决方法,并对原有频偏估计算法进行改进。在MIMO-OFDM系统环境下的仿真结果显示,改进算法可降低算法复杂度,其总体性能相对于传统算法有较大改善。     

OFDM-MIMO相控阵雷达带宽合成方法研究

OFDM-MIMO相控阵雷达采用的发射信号具有频率分集特性,通过带宽合成方法可将发射的窄带信号获得的回波合成为大的带宽信号,能显著提高雷达的距离分辨力.基于所建立的OFDM-MIMO相控阵雷达回波模型,分别讨论了时域和频域带宽合成处理方法,推导出了其所需要的相位补偿因子的理论表达式,并通过仿真实验对提出方法的有效性进行了验证.     

应用斜投射法研究画法几何中图解问题

介绍了投影变换中的斜投射法及其在解决工程图学一些问题中的应用。用这种方法要解决工程图学中用正投影方法不便解决的图示、图解问题,而且具有应用范围广、作图简便的优点。