共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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建立了内径为1.31 mm单管的三维模型,使用CFD软件Fluent分析了超临界二氧化碳在竖直微细管道内的换热特性,并对热通量、进口质量流速、流动方向和压力对超临界二氧化碳换热和压降的影响进行了研究。数值结果表明:增加进口质量流量能够使壁面边界层减薄,增强换热效果。改变热通量的大小对超临界二氧化碳换热和压降影响很小。由于重力和浮升力的影响,流动方向对换热性能的影响较大,流体竖直向上流动时的传热系数大于竖直向下和水平方向流动时的传热系数。 相似文献
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使用甲烷代替液化天然气(LNG),对超临界LNG在单根蛇形管内的流动与传热特性进行了数值模拟,分析了流体物性、进口速度、压力及壁温对超临界流体传热特性的影响。结果表明,表面传热系数的总体变化趋势与定压比热容随温度压力的变化类似,表面传热系数沿管程先增大后减小;而在远大于拟临界温度的区域,除弯管处由于二次流出现突变外,表面传热系数渐趋稳定。壁温、入口速度及压力都会对表面传热系数的峰值位置和大小产生影响。增大压力可以改善超临界区域传热恶化现象;进口速度对传热影响较大,随着进口速度增大,表面传热系数显著增加。 相似文献
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As a natural working,fluid carbon dioxide (CO2) has shown great potential in refrigeration and air conditioning industry. The heat transfer and pressure drop performance of supercritical CO2 in pipes is necessary for gas-cooler design. This paper presents an experimental investigation of supercritical CO2 heat transfer characteristics using temperature oscillation method.Considering the variable fluid temperature, an extended and more reasonable temperature oscillation model is built and used for heat transfer coefficient evaluation. The convective heat transfer coefficient of supercritical CO2 flowing in an aluminum multi-channel flat pipe is measured for the first time.Experiments are performed under one typical pressure and temperature condition.The experimental setup and data acquisition as well as processing program are described in detail. New dimensionless heat transfer data in the form of Nusselt number via Reynolds number are given and analyzed.The results could be a good reference to gas-cooler design.The paper also supplies a general model or tool for determining local convective heat transfer coefficient which can be used more widely. 相似文献
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为了得到加热条件下润滑油对超临界二氧化碳换热特性的影响,利用Fluent软件建立CO_2/润滑油两相混合物流动传热模型,通过改变润滑油浓度、质量通量、热通量和压力进行换热特性分析。结果表明,润滑油的存在显著削弱超临界二氧化碳的对流换热过程,随着润滑油浓度的增加,对流换热进一步恶化。当油浓度小于1%时,不影响对流传热系数的变化趋势,当油浓度超过3%,温度高于二氧化碳拟临界温度时,传热恶化程度降低。热通量的增加使得对流换热进一步恶化,提高质量通量能有效改善对流换热恶化现象。二氧化碳在润滑油中的溶解度直接影响对流换热过程,提高运行压力可增加二氧化碳在润滑油中的溶解度以降低高润滑油浓度下的传热恶化程度。 相似文献
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热力学超临界流体换热计算与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
超临界流体技术是新兴的化工技术之一 ,换热是其工程应用研究的重要方向。该文以水作为超临界流体的代表 ,以逆流操作的套管式换热器为对象建立简化的物理模型 ,再通过微元热量平衡分析 ,建立数学模型 ,并用数值方法求解。文中研究了 2 5MPa、 30MPa和 35MPa ,及 2 5— 6 0 0℃范围内冷热流体的温度、总传热系数和热流密度沿管长的变化 ,结果显示了在近临界区由于物性变化剧烈 ,使占整个管长的 1/ 3— 1/ 2的区段换热效率变低的独特规律。压力升高有利于换热的进行 ,并讨论了管径的影响。 相似文献
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超临界二氧化碳(supercritical carbon dioxide, S-CO2)布雷顿循环燃煤发电系统中,炉膛内水冷壁管内S-CO2传热恶化行为,对该系统的设计建造与安全运行具有重要意义。建立S-CO2垂直上升管流动传热过程数值模型,开展S-CO2在垂直上升管流动及传热行为的数值模拟研究,分析了压力、质量流量、热通量和管径以及由物性变化引起的浮升力效应与流动加速效应等因素对传热特性的影响。结果表明:对于垂直上升管内加热条件下的S-CO2,提高其压力与质量流量有利于降低传热恶化程度。而提高热通量与管径则会加剧传热恶化。此外,在S-CO2垂直上升管内,存在明显的浮升力效应,导致发生传热恶化现象,而流动加速效应对传热的影响可以忽略。最后,在内径为4~10 mm、压力为11.07~22.14 MPa、质量流量为0~1200 kg/(m2·s)、热通量为0~200 kW/m2的宽范围工况下,建立深度神经网络模型(DNN),提出了临界热通量预测关联式,其预测精度可提升至94.96%。 相似文献
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为了测试润滑油对二氧化碳流动沸腾换热特性的影响,对外径6 mm、内径4 mm紧凑通道内的CO2/润滑油混合物的换热进行实验研究。实验工况为质量流量2.74~5.61 kg·h-1,饱和温度-4~8℃,热通量3.2~5 kW·m-2,油浓度0~6%。结果表明:润滑油浓度越大,CO2的局部传热系数越小;含1.5%油浓度相对于无油工况下平均传热系数下降了约42.4%; 传热系数随热通量、饱和温度的升高而增加,干涸后随着质量流量的增加传热系数增加;干涸随油浓度的增加、热通量的减小、饱和温度的升高、质量流量的增加而延迟;干涸特性对传热系数有显著影响,干涸阶段占整个换热过程的35.4%。 相似文献
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A. Molero G mez E. Mart nez de la Ossa 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2000,77(9):969-974
The extraction of wheat germ oil by liquid and supercritical CO2 is described from the point of view of both operative method and pretreatment of raw material. The best conditions for wheat
germ oil extraction are: pressure, 150 bar; temperature, 40°C; and solvent flow rate, 1.5 L/min at standard temperature and
pressure. The yields and fatty acid compositions obtained are very similar to those resulting from the conventional extraction
process using hexane as solvent (8.0 wt%), although a higher-quality oil is obtained by using CO2 as solvent (free fatty acids, 12.4%; tocopherol content, 416.7 mg tocopherol/g wheat germ oil). These factors lead to the
conclusion that the extraction process using CO2 could be economically competitive with the conventional process, since it considerably simplifies the oil refinement stages
and completely eliminates the solvent distillation stage, which are the most costly processing steps in terms of energy consumption. 相似文献
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垂直上升管内超临界CO2 流动传热特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在压力为7.5~21 MPa,热通量为50~413 kW·m-2,质量流速为519~1500 kg·m-2·s-1的实验参数范围内,对超临界CO2在内径为10.0 mm的垂直上升管内的流动传热特性进行了均匀加热条件实验研究。分析了热通量、压力和浮升力对圆管内传热特性的影响规律。实验结果表明:随着热通量的增加,传热出现恶化现象,并且随着热通量的增加壁温峰值点向入口段移动。传热恶化发生在流体温度小于拟临界温度而壁面温度大于拟临界温度附近。增大压力时由于物性的变化趋于平缓,传热恶化被抑制。当传热恶化发生时,浮升力对传热恶化有明显的影响。基于实验数据,综合考虑物性变化和浮升力对传热的影响,建立了新的超临界二氧化碳传热关联式,在实验工况范围内,预测值与实验值的平均偏差和标准差分别为1.2%和16.29%。 相似文献
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Enzymatic alcoholysis of cod liver oil, with an immobilized lipase, was carried out in supercritical carbon dioxide. The enzyme
was catalytically active under the experimental conditions used. The reaction medium was investigated to preferentially extract
ethyl esters, synthesized during the course of the experiment, from the unconverted cod liver oil substrate and side-products.
The effect of pressure changes on the amount of tri-, di-, and monoglycerides and ethyl esters, present in both the extract
and the remaining lipid residue, was determined. Furthermore, the fatty acid compositions of the lipid classes were analyzed,
and the relative amounts of both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid to palmitic acid were determined. The results
show that it is possible to preferentially extract the synthesized ethyl esters at low pressures. The extract collected at
9 MPa contained 64 g ethyl esters/100 g extract, while the total amount of all other lipid classes detected was 19 g/100 g
extract. As the pressure was increased, the relative amount of the other lipid classes detected in the extract, especially
triglycerides, was enhanced. The relative amounts of both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid to palmitic acid
increased for some lipid classes in the extract. This increase was most pronounced for the monoglyceride lipid class. The
integration of biocatalysis and product fractionation, applied in this study, suggests that the potential for biocatalysis
in industrial processes is considerably wider than had been thought. 相似文献
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印刷电路板式换热器(printed circuit heat exchanger,PCHE)作为一种新型高效微通道换热器,将其应用在LNG浮式储存与气化装置(FSRU)上具有非常大的潜力。对超临界甲烷在PCHE通道中的流动和传热特性进行了数值模拟,结果表明:传热系数随温度先增大后减小,并在准临界温度(202~212 K)处达到峰值;压降随温度先保持不变,然后在准临界温度附近急剧上升,之后随温度增大的趋势变缓;当温度在准临界温度附近时,低质流密度下增大热通量会恶化传热;不同压力下传热系数均在准临界温度处达到峰值;温度低于准临界温度时,压力对压降的影响可以忽略,温度高于准临界温度时,压降随压力增大而显著降低;压力由6.4M Pa提高到8.5 MPa时,传热最大降低32.5%,压降最大降低28.5%;开发的换热和压降关联式平均误差分别为5.6%和4.2%。 相似文献