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IEEE 802.11无线网络的两步指数退避算法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
IEEE 802.11标准引入二进制指数退避(Binary Exponential Backoff, BEB) 算法以降低节点发送数据包碰撞的概率。然而,BEB存在着不足之处,当数据包碰撞概率较大时,节点的竞争窗口长度会出现振荡,即节点每次发送数据包之前,需要多次加倍扩大竞争窗口长度,而在发送成功之后又把竞争窗口长度缩小到最小值,这个过程反复出现。为了克服竞争窗口振荡问题以增加吞吐量,该文提出两步指数退避(Two-step BEB, TBEB)算法,利用2维马尔可夫链进行建模,导出TBEB算法中节点的退避状态概率分布、平均竞争窗口长度、平均退避次数、每发送一个数据帧所耗时间以及吞吐量等指标,并通过仿真进行验证。通过求解一个简单的优化问题,TBEB可以获得最优竞争窗口长度复位值,使吞吐量达到最优。 相似文献
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本文把UV通信与Ad hoc网络相结合,利用Ad hoc网络的多跳特性来克服UV通信距离有限的弱点。为了使UV Ad hoc网络中的各个节点能够公平有效的接入信道,本文在二进制指数退避(Binary Exponential Backoff,BEB)算法的基础上,以提高公平性为目的,提出了一种基于历史的动态公平性避退算法(Uistory-Based Dynamic Fairness Backoff,HDFB)来改善节点接入信道的公平性。仿真结果表明:新算法能有效地改善信道接入的不公平性。 相似文献
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在IEEE 802.11标准定义的BEB退避算法基础上,提出一种生命周期约束的自适应退避算法LCAB,以生命周期代替最大重传次数作为分组丢弃的依据,并根据网络忙闲程度自适应地调整节点执行退避过程的权限,以最大化系统归一化有效吞吐量,适合于ad hoc网络中有严格时延要求的VoIP等实时性业务.构建Markov链模型分析LCAB算法性能,得到系统归一化有效吞吐量表达式.仿真结果表明,理论分析与仿真结果一致,且LCAB算法的归一化有效吞吐量优于BEB算法. 相似文献
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针对航空Ad Hoc网络在高负载下的低时延信道接入问题,提出一种优先级与公平性协作的多信道MAC协议(PBLL/HL)。在多信道检测统计基础上加以改进,结合优先级机制,在高负载网络中适时截流低优先级业务,优化网络流量,保证高优先级业务低时延发送;设计公平性优先级阈值与冲突退避窗口算法(PCA),减小低优先级业务接入时延。仿真结果表明,PBLL/HL能够在高负载网络有效控制信道接入,维持良好的网络流量,降低网络平均接入时延(低优先级业务时延过载时降低10%以上),稳定高负载网络吞吐量(最大吞吐量88.1%,过载时吞吐量下滑平缓),解决了航空数据链高业务量带来的高时延和网络拥塞。 相似文献
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针对物联网(IoT)通信的低延时需求,为了保证数据传输的灵活性,本文构建一种基于短包传输的无人机(UAV)通信网络。由于非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术能够增加可服务的地面用户数量,故将该技术应用到无人机短包通信(UAV-SPC)系统中可以解决多用户的安全传输问题。与正交多址(OMA)技术相比,NOMA可有效提高用户接入公平性和频谱利用率,因此被广泛用于下行链路的通信传输。为解决复杂的安全传输问题,首先证明在功率和译码错误率约束的条件下,分别存在最优的功率分配,数据传输包长和系统传输比特数使目标用户的平均安全吞吐量最大。在此基础上,通过本文所提算法得到安全传输问题的优化解。实验结果验证了该算法的稳定性和可行性。此外,与基准方案相比,本文所提方案可有效降低短包传输的通信时延,提高系统中目标用户的平均安全吞吐量。 相似文献
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统计优先级的多址接入(Statistical Priority-based Multiple Access,SPMA)协议的优良性能符合未来数据链的发展趋势。经典的SPMA协议中存在固定门限设置导致的吞吐量下降、退避时间设置过于简单和低优先级分组“饥饿”等三个问题。针对这些问题,提出了统计差值退避算法和虚拟时间戳排队算法。统计差值退避算法使用负载统计量和优先级门限的差值,计算出合理的分组退避时间。虚拟时间戳排队算法根据接入带宽的最低要求,按照虚拟完成时间大小进行分组接入。结合这两个算法,设计了基于SPMA的介质访问控制层改进协议,并使用OPNET软件对改进协议进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,相比于SPMA协议的传统算法,改进协议的系统吞吐量更大且更稳定,优先级平均时延更低,同时保证了低优先级业务的最小带宽接入需求。 相似文献
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Xingyu Wang Shanghong Zhao Yongjun Li Zhuodan Zhu Yongxing Zheng Chen Yu 《International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking》2020,38(3):272-283
Data relay satellite (DRS) systems play an important role in space information networks. Characterized by highly dynamic topology and discontinuous communication links, it is suggested that the IEEE 802.11 protocol employed in such a network could be more flexible. However, such a terrestrial network protocol could not be applied to DRS systems directly, nor supports a fast response due to the long propagation delay and severe packet collision. To address this challenge, we proposed an enhanced media access control (MAC) protocol based on the IEEE 802.11 protocol providing multiaccess for low earth orbit (LEO) distributed constellations. In this paper, we investigated the access delay performance of the proposed protocol in our model. Then, we derived a contention window adaption by using an iteration algorithm that can dynamically adjust the values of the contention window depending on the number of user satellites in the communication coverage. Simulation results show that the average access delay does not exceed 20 seconds, which is significantly lower than the standard protocol. Moreover, the traffic threshold is increased to 0.6, and the maximum throughput has doubled compared with the standard protocol. It is proved that the enhanced MAC protocol shows a better performance in DRS systems. 相似文献
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Enhanced binary exponential backoff algorithm for fair channel access in the ieee 802.11 medium access control protocol
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M. Al‐Hubaishi T. Alahdal R. Alsaqour A. Berqia M. Abdelhaq O. Alsaqour 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2014,27(12):4166-4184
The medium access control protocol determines system throughput in wireless mobile ad hoc networks following the ieee 802.11 standard. Under this standard, asynchronous data transmissions have a defined distributed coordination function that allows stations to contend for channel usage in a distributed manner via the carrier sensing multiple access with collision avoidance protocol. In distributed coordination function, a slotted binary exponential backoff (BEB) algorithm resolves collisions of packets transmitted simultaneously by different stations. The BEB algorithm prevents packet collisions during simultaneous access by randomizing moments at stations attempting to access the wireless channels. However, this randomization does not eliminate packet collisions entirely, leading to reduced system throughput and increased packet delay and drop. In addition, the BEB algorithm results in unfair channel access among stations. In this paper, we propose an enhanced binary exponential backoff algorithm to improve channel access fairness by adjusting the manner of increasing or decreasing the contention window based on the number of the successfully sent frames. We propose several configurations and use the NS2 simulator to analyze network performance. The enhanced binary exponential backoff algorithm improves channel access fairness, significantly increases network throughput capacity, and reduces packet delay and drop. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. R. M. Rizk M. I. Dessouky Sami A. El‐Dolil Mohammed Abd‐Elnaby 《International Journal of Network Management》2009,19(4):305-314
Good backoff algorithms should be able to achieve high channel throughput while maintaining fairness among active nodes. In this paper, we propose a novel backoff algorithm to improve the fairness of random access channels, while maximizing channel throughput. The mechanism of the proposed backoff algorithm uses backoff delay (retransmission delay) and channel‐offered traffic to dynamically control the backoff interval, so that each active node increases its backoff interval in the case of collision by a factor which exponentially decreases as the backoff delay increases, and decreases its backoff interval in the case of successful transmission by a factor which exponentially decreases as the backoff delay of previous retransmission attempts increases. Also, the backoff interval is controlled according to the channel offered, traffic using a fuzzy controller to maximize channel throughput. Furthermore, the operation of the proposed backoff algorithm does not depend on knowledge of the number of active nodes. A computer simulation is developed using MATLAB to evaluate the performance of the proposed backoff algorithm and compare it with the binary exponential backoff (BEB) scheme, which is widely used owing to its high channel throughput, while its fairness is relatively poor. It is shown that the proposed backoff algorithm significantly outperforms the BEB scheme in terms of improving the performance of fairness, and converges to the ideal performance as the minimum backoff interval increases, while achieving high channel throughput. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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在低轨卫星通信系统下行链路中引入协作技术,可获得协作分集增益,从而减小信道衰落的影响。目前在目标通信区域内多星的覆盖率非常高,合适的中继卫星选择策略对于提升卫星通信网络的整体性能至关重要。针对这一问题,本文提出一种基于遍历容量的中继选择算法。该算法借助卫星轨道信息以及统计信道信息,综合考虑卫星本身载荷受限和高动态的特点,通过公平性因子进行遍历容量和能耗之间的折中,选择具有最佳权重遍历容量的节点作为协作卫星。并在此过程中,得到了卫星间协作链路信噪比概率密度闭式表达式,该表达式用来求解协作链路遍历容量。仿真分析表明,该方法可以动态的调整协作卫星的优先级,在误比特率性能和公平性之间可以达到很好的平衡,并且可以在低EIRP情况下提高卫星的服务时间。 相似文献
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低轨(LEO)宽带星座卫星通信作为地面5G无线通信系统的重要补充,始终面临地面可视卫星数量大、传统选星算法计算复杂度高等难题。为实现高效的卫星分组选择算法,基于多输入多输出(MIMO)系统原理,以大尺度路径损耗模型为基础,结合递减卫星选择算法,从而以较低计算复杂度、更快收敛速度有效逼近最优容量性能。该算法在典型LEO星座系统构型下通过数值仿真得到了验证,为未来5G低轨卫星星座通信传输方案设计提供了一种参考思路。 相似文献
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Current quality of service (QoS) routing schemes for low earth orbit (LEO) satellites IP networks either neglect the varying population density or fail to guarantee end-to-end delay. As a remedy, QoS routing protocol based on mobile agent (QoSRP-MA) is proposed. QoSRP-MA is a source-based routing protocol. Once connection requests arrive, QoS mobile agents are dispatched from ingress satellite to explore routes, which migrate using satellite routing tables. Upon arriving in egress satellite, QoS mobile agents migrate back towards ingress satellite to reserve bandwidth. To construct satellite routing tables, load balancing routing algorithm based on mobile agent (LBRA-MA) is presented. In LBRP-MA, at regular intervals mobile agents launched on all satellites migrate autonomously to evaluate path cost and update routing tables. Moreover, path cost between source and destination is evaluated considering satellite geographical position as well as inter-satellite link (ISL) cost. Furthermore, ISL congestion index is considered to update routing table. Through simulations on a Courier-like constellation, it shows that QoSRP-MA can achieve guaranteed end-to-end delay bound with higher throughput, lower connection failing ratio and signaling overhead compared to high performance satellite routing (HPSR) scheme. 相似文献
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GPS-based navigation and attitude determination of LEO satellites is presently considered as an alternative to the conventional systems which utilize earth sensors and magnetometers. The onboard GPS receiver determines the orbit position of the LEO satellite by the conventional system of linearized navigation equations, requiring the simultaneous reception of ranging signals from four GPS satellites by a single antenna. For attitude determination, pairs of antennae, suitably mounted on the satellite and feeding a common receiver, form several interferometric baselines. The baselines vectors, defined in a given coordinate system, determine the attitude of the satellite. For each baseline and each GPS satellite, the difference in phase of the received signal carriers is measured. The differencing operation eliminates the receiver clock bias. Solutions for the baseline vectors can be obtained with signals received from only three GPS satellites. If the coverage of a receive antenna is restricted to less than the hemisphere it will not have four GPS satellites in view all the time. It is demonstrated that a GPS pseudolite transmitter located on earth supplements the system, which then provides a usable geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) for position determination and an improved position dilution of precision (PDOP) for attitude determination. Pseudolites can be co-located with the gateways which provide access to the public switched telephone networks (PSTNs) for the LEO communication satellites. 相似文献