扩散泵真空机组零件的金属旋压成形

金属旋压一般可以分为强力旋压和普通旋压。在旋压过程中,既改变形状又改变壁厚者称强力旋压。只改变形状基本不改变壁厚者称为普通旋压。YH—500型扩散泵高真空机组有36种零件采用旋压成形工艺制造。     

铜合金厚板封头零件的旋压加工

目的加工出8 mm厚的较大尺寸铜合金封头零件。方法利用卧式数控旋压机,采用普旋成形进行封头零件的制备。结果通过工艺试验摸索采用卧式数控强力旋压机进行普旋,加工出厚度8 mm的铜合金球形封头零件,拓宽了设备的加工范围,开创了厚板普旋成形的先例,为铜合金球形零件的旋压加工增添了一条新方案。结论采用普旋加工厚板铜合金材料封头类零件是可行的,相对其他加工方案具有一定的成本优势,应对材料的减薄、解决零件贴模是旋压加工成败的关键。     

大型筒体对轮强力旋压成形特征与规律研究

目的 研究大直径薄壁筒体在对轮强力旋压过程中的应力–应变分布情况和材料流动特征,探明减薄率、进给比和主轴转速等工艺参数对成形结果的影响规律。方法 利用Forge仿真平台建立2.25 m级5052铝合金筒体对轮强力旋压的有限元模型,分析筒体成形过程中的应力–应变状态和主要工艺参数对成形精度与旋压成形力的影响规律。结果 在对轮旋压成形过程中,筒体内外侧应力–应变呈对称分布,成形区域内材料呈扇形流动。工艺参数对成形工件壁厚精度和旋压成形力的影响主次顺序为:减薄率＞进给比>主轴转速。结论 各工艺参数的增大均会降低工件的壁厚精度,减薄率和进给比的增大会引起旋压成形力增大,而主轴转速增大会使旋压成形力轻微减小。     

筒形件强力旋压工艺模拟及实验研究

采用有限元与工艺实验相结合的方法,对筒形件强力旋压工艺进行了研究。对于旋压加工工艺,利用有限元模拟软件建立三维弹塑性模型并进行数值模拟,然后在此基础上分析进给比、减薄率2个工艺参数对筒形件强力旋压成形过程的影响规律。根据数值模拟结果,设计并制造了工装与模具,同时进行了工艺试验,成功试制了壁厚减薄效果良好的筒形件强力旋压样件。     

小锥角零件多道次剪旋成形试验研究

针对小锥角零件(半锥角α=7°)的成形,以LF2,LF6,LF21铝板料为原料,采用先预制坯后多道次剪旋的成形方案,试验研究了材料塑性、工艺参数和壁厚减薄率对旋压件成形质量的影响,确定了成形小锥角零件的合理方案.研究表明:材料的塑性对可旋性有很大影响,为获得较高的成形极限,材料应同时具有较好的塑性和适当的加工硬化性;在每道次前均退火的条件下,合理的道次分配方案是前一道次在材料的成形极限范围尽量减薄,而最终道次减薄率需控制在一定的范围内(50%以内);旋压过程中保持一定的负偏离(3%左右),同时采用较大的进给比有利于提高旋压件精度.     

TA15钛合金筒-锥复合曲母线构件旋压成形工艺研究

TA15钛合金作为一种高比强度结构材料具有良好的室温和高温强度、热稳定性能,广泛应用于飞机、导弹和发动机等飞行器,实现关键受力构件的减重要求.本文针对钛合金筒-锥复合曲母线构件的特点,重点开展了TA15钛合金薄壁曲母线构件热旋压成形技术的研究,采用剪切旋压预成形,强力旋压/普通旋压多道次复合旋压终成形的工艺方案,获得了成形质量较好的TA15钛合金筒-锥复合曲母线旋压件.建立了多道次曲母线构件的有限元模型,结合旋压实验解释了强旋/普旋复合成形过程中出现的典型缺陷产生机制.对热旋压过程坯料的显微组织观察分析发现,剪切旋压对显微组织具有一定程度的晶粒破碎作用,多道次强旋/普旋复合旋压成形后显微组织沿构件轴向和切向都发生伸长.经历剪切旋压和多道次强旋普旋复合旋压成形后,坯料的微观组织更加细化,且均匀性得到改善.TA15钛合金旋压成形工件的单向拉伸实验结果表明,相对于原始坯料旋压件强度明显提高,塑性略有下降.     

超长筒形件旋压成形设备研制

目的 针对超长筒形件旋压成形的技术难题,研制了一种全新的多功能旋压成型设备。方法 该设备是由机械、液压、电气系统组成数控旋压设备,设备本体采用了卧式整体框架结构、纵向双丝杠驱动、双主轴箱、支撑装置等机构,为旋压加工超长筒形件提供了重要的手段。结果 超长筒形件旋压成形设备具有工件同步旋转、轴向牵引力、浮动芯模、在线检测等多种功能和技术。结论 能够有效地解决超长筒形件弯曲变形、扭转变形、刚度不足及超长芯模的制造难题,对提高此类零件的加工精度和质量具有重要意义。     

不锈钢管冷旋压成形试验

介绍了3种奥氏体不锈钢材料的特性,主要旋压工艺参数对旋压成形的影响.在不同工艺参数下,采用三旋轮错距、无中间退火、直接强力冷旋压工艺,对3种奥氏体不锈钢管材料进行反旋压成形,分析了不同参数下奥氏体不锈钢管旋压成形的特点,提出了针对3种奥氏体不锈钢管冷旋压的合理工艺参数.     

带内筋复杂薄壁件旋压成形研究进展

结构轻量化和大型整体化是高性能复杂薄壁构件精确塑性成形的永恒追求,带内筋复杂薄壁构件作为典型的高性能复杂薄壁构件,其成形制造方式一直被学者所关注。旋压成形作为先进的精确塑性成形工艺,有望实现此类构件的整体制造。为此,对带内筋复杂薄壁构件旋压成形的国内外研究进展进行归纳,主要涉及带内筋曲母线构件的有模外旋成形和无模内旋成形,以及带纵向内筋、内齿、横向内筋和纵横内筋的筒形构件旋压成形,包括复合旋压、滚珠旋压、错距旋压等成形方式,对成形特征、工艺参数的影响以及旋压成形规律等进行总结,为带内筋复杂薄壁构件的旋压成形及工艺优化提供指导。     

带环形凸台薄盘形件旋压成形规律研究

目的 探明带环形凸台薄盘形件旋压成形工艺的可行性,揭示成形过程的特点、成形缺陷的类型和产生机制,以及工艺参数对成形极限的影响规律。方法 基于ABAQUS\Explicit有限元模型,分析成形过程中的材料流动、应力分布、缺陷的产生机制和工艺参数对成形极限的影响规律。结果 旋压成形过程分为内槽填充、轴向隆起和径向扩展3个阶段,应力场沿径向和周向呈梯度分布,坯料在径向扩展阶段由于受压失稳产生了凸台凹坑缺陷。成形极限随凸台增厚比、盘缘宽厚比和型槽倾角的增大而增大,随旋轮进给比f的增大,成形极限先增大后减小。结论 总结了增厚旋压工艺的成形特征、缺陷演化机制以及工艺参数对成形极限的影响规律,为带环形凸台薄盘形件旋压成形工艺的设计和优化提供指导。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.