宽频率范围的单子带压控振荡器设计

基于TSMC 180 nm CMOS工艺,提出了一种振荡频率为2～3 GHz的宽频率范围、低相位噪声的单子带压控振荡器(VCO).采用双平衡吉尔伯特混频结构,将单子带5～6 GHz压控振荡器与固定频率3 GHz压控振荡器进行下混频,可得到振荡频率为2～3 GHz的单子带压控振荡器,实现相对带宽从18.18％到40％的展...     

A Differentially-Tuned Voltage ControlledOscillator Using Symmetric Transformer

This letter proposes a new voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) topology that cancels common-mode noise by adoption of differential tuning varactor. To suppress common mode noise effectively, a symmetric three-coil transformer is proposed as a differential tuning resonator. The measured phase noise shows -128.7 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency from the 1.2 GHz oscillation frequency. Over the whole frequency range, common-mode noise rejection is larger than 36 dB. Measured tuning range of the proposed VCO is about 204 MHz from the 1.18 GHz to 1.38 GHz while dissipating 1.2 mA at 1.8 V power supply.     

射频卫星电视天线电路中LC压控振荡器设计

本文设计了一款应用于卫星电视天线电路中低功耗、低相噪的宽带单片集成压控振荡器。该振荡器利用PMOS尾电流源和MIM电容阵列结构。在保证调谐范围的前提下,有效的降低了相位噪声。使得该压控振荡器实现了3.384GHz~4.022GHz频段的覆盖,在中心频率为3.7GHz时,100Hz和1MHz频偏处的相位噪声分别为-90.4dBc/Hz和-119.1dBc/Hz,工作电压下为1.8V,功耗仅为2.5mW。     

A 0.5 V LC-VCO with improved varactor tuning technique for WSN

A 0.5 V LC-VCO implemented in 0.18 μm CMOS technology for wireless sensor network is described in this paper. An improved varactor tuning technique is proposed to decrease low frequency noise up-conversion and AM–FM phase noise of VCO, also it can increase Q of LC tank and reduce power consumption of VCO. For coarse tuning of VCO, it can increase the varactor control voltage variation range. For fine tuning of VCO, it can reduce the varactor nonlinearity. The measured tuning range is 4.58–5.26 GHz and power consumption is 2.2 mW. The measured phase noise is ?114 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz frequency offset from a 4.8 GHz carrier.     

基于90nmCMOS工艺的低功耗宽带压控振荡器设计

A low power VCO with a wide tuning range and low phase noise has been designed and realized in a standard 90 nm CMOS technology. A newly proposed current-reuse cross-connected pair is utilized as a negative conductance generator to compensate the energy loss of the resonator. The supply current is reduced by half compared to that of the conventional LC-VCO. An improved inversion-mode MOSFET(IMOS) varactor is introduced to extend the capacitance tuning range from 32.8% to 66%. A detailed analysis of the proposed varactor is provided. The VCO achieves a tuning range of 27–32.5 GHz, exhibiting a frequency tuning range(FTR) of 18.4%and a phase noise of –101.38 d Bc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from a 30 GHz carrier, and shows an excellent FOM of –185d Bc/Hz. With the voltage supply of 1.5 V, the core circuit of VCO draws only 2.1 m A DC current.     

A 4.8GHz CMOS Fully Integrated LC Balanced Oscillator with Symmetrical Noise Filter Technique and Large Tuning Range

This paper presents a fully integrated 4.8GHz VCO with an invention——symmetrical noise filter technique.This VCO,with relatively low phase noise and large tuning range of 716MHz,is fabricated with the 0.25μm SMIC CMOS process.The oscillator consumes 6mA from 2.5V supply.Another conventional VCO is also designed and simulated without symmetrical noise filter on the same process,which also consumes 6mA current and is with the same tuning.Simulation result describes that the first VCO’ phase noise is 6dBc/Hz better than the latter’s at the same offset frequency from 4.8GHz.Measured phase noise at 1MHz away from the carrier in this 4.8GHz VCO with symmetrical noise filter is －123.66dBc/Hz.This design is suitable for the usage in a phase-locked loop and other consumer electronics.It is amenable for future technologies and allows easy porting to different CMOS manufacturing process.     

具有自校准压控振荡器和精确自动频率校准算法的低噪声频率合成器

A low noise phase locked loop （PLL） frequency synthesizer implemented in 65 nm CMOS technology is introduced. A VCO noise reduction method suited for short channel design is proposed to minimize PLL output phase noise. A self-calibrated voltage controlled oscillator is proposed in cooperation with the automatic frequency calibration circuit, whose accurate binary search algorithm helps reduce the VCO tuning curve coverage, which reduces the VCO noise contribution at PLL output phase noise. A low noise, charge pump is also introduced to extend the tuning voltage range of the proposed VCO, which further reduces its phase noise contribution. The frequency synthesizer generates 9.75-11.5 GHz high frequency wide band local oscillator （LO） carriers. Tested 11.5 GHz LO bears a phase noise of-104 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz frequency offset. The total power dissipation of the proposed frequency synthesizer is 48 mW. The area of the proposed frequency synthesizer is 0.3 mm^2, including bias circuits and buffers.     

Dual-band ultra-wide tuning range CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator

A dual-band wide-tuning range LC CMOS voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) topology is proposed. Dual-band operation is realised by employing a double-tuned double-driven transformer as a resonator. The proposed approach eliminates MOS switches, which are typically used in multi-standard oscillators, and thus improves phase noise and tuning range characteristics. The concept is demonstrated through the design of an LC VCO in a standard 0.18 mum CMOS process. Two frequency bands are realised (2.4 and 6 GHz) with 740 MHz tuning range in the first band and 1.56 GHz tuning range in the second band. Operating from a 1.8 V supply, the VCO has a simulated phase noise of -119 dBc/Hz in the 2.4 GHz band and -110 dBc/Hz in the 6 GHz band at 600 KHz offset from the carrier     

一种LC全集成、具有对称噪声滤波及宽调节范围的4.8GHz CMOS平衡振荡器

将对称噪声滤波技术应用到4.8GHz LC全集成VCO设计中.该VCO具有很低的相位噪声以及716MHz的调节范围,在SMIC 0.25μm单层多晶、五层金属、n阱 RF CMOS工艺上实现,在2.5V电源电压下工作电流仅为6mA,与常规VCO比较,在相同条件下,噪声性能改善了6dBc/Hz.芯片测试结果表明,在偏离4.8GHz载波1MHz的地方相位噪声为-123.66dBc/Hz,该设计在锁相环及其他消费类电子产品中有广泛应用.     

低电压CMOS压控振荡器设计

设计和分析了一种低电压CMOS压控振荡器,对设计的电路进行理论分析和模型建立,并使用仿真工具对电路进行验证和优化。设计中主要考虑相位噪声和调谐宽度等指标,通过采用电感电容滤波技术以及合理调整电路结构和元器件参数,使相位噪声和调谐宽度均达到了较高的性能指标。结果表明,在1.2 V工作电压下,设计的VCO的尾电流为3 mA,输出振荡频率为2.24~2.57 GHz,中心频率约为2.4 GHz,调谐范围达到13.7%。     

一种L、S波段微机械压控振荡器

报道了一种中心频率为2GHz的电感电容(LC)压控振荡器,其谐振回路由微机械可变电容和键合线电感构成。微机械可变电容采用与集成电路兼容的表面微机械工艺制造,在2GHz时其Q值约为32.6,当调节电压从0V增大到12V时,电容量变化范围为25%。通过键合技术将微机械可变电容与有源电路集成在一起,制备了MEMSVCO器件,测试结果表明,载波频率为2.004GHz时,VCO的单边带相位噪声为-103.5dBc/Hz@100kHz,输出功率为12.51dBm。调频范围约为4.8%。     

A 1-V 9.7-mW CMOS Frequency Synthesizer for IEEE 802.11a Transceivers

A 1-V CMOS frequency synthesizer is proposed for wireless local area network 802.11a transceivers using a novel transformer-feedback voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) for low voltage and a stacked frequency divider for low power. Implemented in a 0.18-mum CMOS process and operated at 1-V supply, the VCO measures a phase noise of -140.5 dBc at an offset of 20 MHz with a center frequency of 4.26 GHz and a power consumption of 5.17 mW. Its tuning range is as wide as 920 MHz (23%). By integrating the VCO into a frequency synthesizer, a phase noise of -140.1 dBc/Hz at an offset of 20 MHz is measured at a center frequency of 4.26 GHz. Its output frequency can be changed from 4.112 to 4.352 GHz by switching the 3-bit modulus of the programmable divider. The synthesizer consumes only 9.7 mW and occupies a chip area of 1.28 mm².     

Low-Phase Noise Hartley Differential CMOS Voltage Controlled Oscillator

This letter presents a novel Hartley low phase noise differential CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The low noise CMOS VCO has been implemented with the TSMC 0.18-mum 1P6M CMOS technology and adopts full PMOS to achieve a better phase noise performance. The VCO operates from 4.02 to 4.5GHz with 11.3% tuning range. The measured phase noise at 1-MHz offset is about -119dBc/Hz at 4.02GHz and 122dBc/Hz at 4.5GHz. The power consumption of the VCO core is 6.75mW     

准恒定压控增益的压控振荡器设计

在DRM DAB系统设计中,压控振荡器需要满足宽的调频范围,而其压控增益的差别需要控制在一定的范围内,以使得锁相环的稳定性得到提高,同时为了降低锁相环环路对噪声的敏感性,我们需要低的压控增益。据此,本文所采用的可变电容阵列结构有效地满足了上述要求,使用SMIC 0.18μm CMOS工艺,仿真得到的结果显示在1.71G振荡频率1MHZ频偏处的相位噪声为-124.3d Bc/Hz.压控范围为1.71-2.31GHz。     

应用于IMT-A和UWB系统的0.13μm CMOS宽带压控振荡器设计

基于TSMC 0.13μm CMOS工艺设计并实现了应用于IMT-Advanced和UWB系统的双频段宽带频率合成器中的电感电容压控振荡器(LC-VCO)。此压控振荡器的设计采用了开关电流源、开关交叉耦合对和噪声滤波等技术,以优化电路的相位噪声,功耗,振荡幅度,调谐范围等性能。为达到宽的调谐范围,核心电路采用了4比特可重构的开关电容调谐阵列。整个芯片包括焊盘面积为1.11′0.98 mm₂。测试结果表明,在1.2V电源电压下,两个频段压控振荡器所消耗的电流分别为3mA和4.5mA,压控振荡器的调谐范围为3.86~5.28GHz和3.14~3.88GHz。在振荡频率3.5GHz和4.2GHz上,1MHz频偏处,压控振荡器的相位噪声分别为-123dBc/Hz与-119dBc/Hz。     

Fundamental low phase noise InP-based DHBT VCO operating up to 89 GHz

A fundamental low phase noise W-band VCO extended by an output buffer using InP/InGaAs DHBT technology is reported. The fully integrated differential VCO exhibits operation frequencies ranging from 83 to 89 GHz. At 87 GHz, a minimum phase noise of -102 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency has been achieved. Within the tuning range, a single ended output power up to 5 dBm was measured, resulting in a total signal power of 8 dBm.     

A 20-GHz InP-HBT voltage-controlled oscillator with wide frequencytuning range

This paper presents the design and implementation of a 20-GHz-band differential voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using InP heterojunction-bipolar-transistor process technology. Aimed at 20- or 40-Gb/s fiber-optic applications, the design is based on a single-stage feedback amplifier with no intentional L or C. The salient features of the proposed VCO are wide frequency tuning range compared to LC oscillators, and low power consumption and transistor count compared to ring-oscillator counterparts. The implemented VCO has an adjustable frequency range from 13.75 to 21.5 GHz and provides two complementary outputs. Total power consumption at 18.6 GHz is 130 mW, while the phase noise is -90.0 dBc/Hz measured at 1-MHz offset frequency     

A 580-μW 1.8–6 GHz Multiband Switched-Resonator SiGe VCO With 0.3-V Supply Voltage

This letter presents a fully integrated low-power low-voltage multiband switched-resonator differential cross-coupled voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) implemented in 0.18 SiGe-BiCMOS technology. The VCO operates with a supply voltage as low as 0.29 V, owing to the low knee-voltage provided by the technology, and consumes a total power of 580 muW. Utilizing a switched-resonator, the VCO covers a wide switched frequency range of 1.83-2.97 GHz and 4.36-6.17 GHz with measured phase noise of around 112.2 dBc/Hz with 0.29 V supply and 119.7 dBc/Hz with 1 V supply at 1 MHz offset. Since high-frequency bands experience higher phase noise than the low frequency bands, high- short microstrip line inductors have been used for the high-frequency bands. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the reported VCO achieves the widest switched frequency tuning range with lowest core supply voltage.     

S波段低相噪同轴介质压控振荡器设计

运用串联反馈振荡器理论设计了一个工作于S波段的低相噪同轴介质压控振荡器。首先分析了同轴介质谐振器的理论以及串联反馈振荡器的工作原理,然后在高频电磁仿真软件HFSS和ADS中进行仿真和设计。为了实现电调谐,将变容管合理地加入振荡器,最终设计完成了一个S波段的低相噪同轴介质压控振荡器。通过对实物成品的测量和调试表明,此压控振荡器达到了预定的技术指标,各项性能良好。测试结果:工作频率为2.075~2.250 GHz,调谐范围为1.75 GHz,输出功率≥11 dBm,谐波抑制度≥23 dBc,相位噪声优于-133 dBc/Hz@100kHz。     

Fully Differential 5‐GHz LC‐Tank VCOs with Improved Phase Noise and Wide Tuning Range

In this paper, we propose two LC voltage‐controlled oscillators (VCOs) that improve both phase noise and tuning range. With both 1/f induced low‐frequency noise and low‐frequency thermal noise around DC or around harmonics suppressed significantly by the employment of a current‐current negative feedback (CCNF) loop, the phase noise in the CCNF LC VCO has been improved by about 10 dB at 6 MHz offset compared to the conventional LC VCO. The phase noise of the CCNF VCO was measured as ?112 dBc/Hz at 6 MHz offset from 5.5 GHz carrier frequency. Also, we present a bandwidth‐enhanced LC VCO whose tuning range has been increased about 250 % by connecting the varactor to the bases of the cross‐coupled pair. The phase noise of the bandwidth‐enhanced LC‐tank VCO has been improved by about 6 dB at 6 MHz offset compared to the conventional LC VCO. The phase noise reduction has been achieved because the DC‐decoupling capacitor Cc prevents the output common‐mode level from modulating the varactor bias point, and the signal power increases in the LC‐tank resonator. The bandwidth‐enhanced LC VCO represents a 12 % bandwidth and phase noise of ?108 dBc/Hz at 6 MHz offset.