基于工作流任务状态的访问权限分配模型

权限的分配是工作流系统访问控制中的核心问题.本文以任务状态为基础,用二维矩阵描述角色与任务、任务与状态、状态与权限之间的关系,并利用关系运算计算给定时刻角色、任务和权限之间的关系,实现了对角色权限的动态分配,提高了数据访问的安全性.     

基于RBAC模型的权限管理系统设计与实现

介绍了基于角色的访问控制技术(role-basedaccesscontrol,RBAC)在权限管理中引入角色的概念,把资源的访问权限分配给角色,通过给用户分配角色以及角色之间的继承关系简化权限的管理。在分析现有的权限管理系统的基础上,提出了一种基于RBAC模型的权限管理系统的设计和实现方案,实现了安全的权限控制,取得了较好的效果。     

面向用户的可复用系统菜单权限的设置

设计了一种面向用户的菜单权限的设置方法,建立了所需的权限表,给出了面向用户的菜单权限的授予和收回方法、菜单权限的检查方法的算法描述。在设计和实现过程中,利用动态生成、获取和设置菜单属性的方法,实现用户菜单权限的分配;利用动态获取递推返回条件的递归调用方法进行权限的检查,从而使该方法具有良好的复用性,并且使菜单权限的授予和收回均非常方便。     

基于角色和任务的CSCW系统访问控制技术研究

针对现有方法不能很好地满足CSCW系统对访问控制的需求,提出基于角色和任务的CSCW系统访问控制模型RTBAC(Role and Task-Based Access Model).该模型形式化地描述了用户、角色、任务、权限、工作流等要素及其相互间的关系,通过分配和取消角色来完成对用户权限的授予和取消,并提供了角色间偏序继承和指派关系定义,通过引入任务概念、任务类型划分及角色和任务之间的关系定义,实现了依据任务和任务状态不同对权限进行动态管理.该模型是针对CSCW系统多用户、动态、协作等特性提出的,能较好地满足CSCW系统对访问控制的需求.     

在电子招投标系统中基于角色和任务访问控制的应用

该文设计并实现了基于角色和任务的访问控制（Role＆Task—Based Access Control T＆RBAc）的电子招投标系统,有效地解决了政府采购活动中错综复杂的访问控制问题,对角色分配相应的任务,根据角色和任务的状态不同对权限进行动态管理,实现了权限的按需分配,保证了电子政务活动的公开、公平、公正。     

高校业务管理系统中权限模型的研究与实现

为解决传统的基于角色的访问控制(RBAC)在高校业务管理系统中的局限性,提出了一种改进的权限模型,引进了用户组的概念,该模型在角色与用户之间添加用户组,将角色直接授权给用户组,而不是用户,传统的为用户分配角色就转化为用户组分配角色,而在权限上将权限具体分为数据权限和操作权限两种,分别用独立的建模软件和Web浏览器设置,使之具有高效、灵活的特点,非常适合高校的业务管理系统,最后给出了新模型的设计与实现.     

基于属性的权限-角色分配模型

基于属性的RBAC提供了一种其角色是基于企业指定授权规则的并自动进行用户-角色分配的机制.该机制只对用户-角色分配进行了讨论,而缺乏对权限-角色分配(PRA)部分的考虑.对基于属性的RBAC进行了扩展,描述了基于属性的权限-角色分配模型.最后将这两种模型结合起来使之应用于分布式环境下的访问控制中.     

基于业务流程的访问控制模型研究开发

在分析研究RBAC基本模型的基础上，根据网上申报、审批系统的实际需求，提出了一种基于业务流程的访问控制模型，将业务流程和基于角色的权限控制相结合，在业务流程和角色之间建立有效的联系，使有关业务流程的信息能够直接指导角色的设置。该模型克服了RBAC基本模型需要修改角色权限来适应不同业务流程的缺点，真正实现了权限的按需、按流程分配，角色只有在执行特定子任务时才具有权限，权限的分配和回收由系统动态实现。该模型已在网上申报、审批系统项目中应用。     

基于角色的访问控制

基于角色的访问控制(RBAC)是一个最新的授权方案。它通过分配和取消角色来完成用户权限的授予和取消,并且提供角色分配规则。整个访问控制过程被分成两个部分,即访问权限与角色相关联,角色再与用户关联,从而实现了用户与访问权限的逻辑分离。它比强制访问控制(MAC)和自主访问控制(DAC)更适用于非军事的数据处理。本文从以下几方面介绍了基于角色的访问控制:概述,定义,最小特权策略,职责分离和结论。     

面向SELinux的角色权限研究

SELinux通过组合IBAC,RBAC和TE模型实现了策略灵活性,然而其策略配置复杂且规则数目庞大,很难保证角色权限的正确分配.对SELinux策略语言进行了形式化表述,引入任务、全局域转换图、角色最大任务图、角色授权任务图等概念,用来刻画角色与域之间的授权关系,同时使用上述概念对最小特权原则、角色支配、责任分离等RBAC经典问题进行了讨论.认为该方法可以有效指导SELinux中角色权限的配置和验证过程.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.