工程图纸图像图文自动分割工具SegChar

文章分析了工程图纸图像图文分割的技术特点、关键步骤和基本框架,着重介绍了图文自动分割工具SegChar采用的技术,如:(1) 自动字符尺寸阈值过滤技术,可使图文分割过程自动化和智能化;(2) 任意方向、任意长度字符串检测技术,通过精确HOUGH空间需求、松弛共线、基于字符串的HOUGH域更新等策略,提高了字符分割的处理速度,降低了处理的空间复杂度,能够使复杂的中西文字符串得以完整提取.文章最后给出了性能评价.     

工程图矢量化中图文分离的一种快速算法

工程图纸通常是由图形和文字符合两部分组成，由于在矢量化中对图形和文字进一步处理的要求不同，故在矢量化之前把工程图中的图形和文字符号区分开来是十分重要的。本文提出了一种工程图矢量化图文分离算法，它能有效地将图形和文字分开，这种算法不仅可以减少多余的数据量，加快后期的线条提取速度，而且可使数据的关系更为清晰明了，分离出来的符号文件保留了其原来在图纸中的位置，为文字符号的识别或重新写入提供了方便。     

一种新的货运列车车号分割算法

在对现有的货运列车车号分割算法及相关字符分割算法对比研究的基础上,文中提出并实现了一种新的货运列车车号分割算法。根据上下轮廓特征初步确定车号字符串图像的候选分割位置,然后根据字符尺寸比例和数字的弧特征,对断裂字符进行合并和对粘连字符进行再分割。该方法巧妙地避免了传统的投影分析分割法中处理粘连字符的难题,也避免了噪声对连通域的影响。与传统方法相比,具有较好的鲁棒性,达到了较高的精度和运行效率,为整个车号识别系统的精确性和稳定性提供了保障。     

复印机图文分离技术及应用

本文阐述了目前图文分离技术及其在复印机中的应用现状，提出了一种适合在复印机中应用的最佳阅值和穿越次数相结合的图文分离算法，给出了应用这种方法后取得的实际效果。     

字符串模式匹配算法的改进

字符串模式匹配算法是入侵检测系统中的一种重要算法.通过对两种著名的匹配算法KMP和BM算法以及现有的各种改进算法的分析,提出一种简单实用、易于理解的字符串匹配改进算法.该算法通过每次匹配失败时特殊位置上字符的启发来获得字符串向后移动的可能距离,这个距离由定义的一个统一函数求出,取其中的最大值作为字符串向后移动的实际距离.实验结果表明,该算法能减少模式匹配中字符的比较次数和尝试次数,提高模式匹配的效率.     

分段处理的1／p概率字符串匹配

现有的概率字符串匹配算法通过计算字符串之间的最小失配字符数(编辑距离),可求出字符串之间的相似度.这些算法平等地看待模式串和文本串,虽然可求出二者之间完整的编辑距离,但并不能解决以下问题:即判断是否模式串中至少有1/p的字符顺序地出现在文本串中.基于动态规划字符串匹配算法,提出了一个改进算法.该算法通过将字符串分段,在段内执行改进的概率匹配算法可求出段内的编辑距离,再结合回溯策略可以很好地解决上述问题.该算法的复杂性要低于基本动态规划匹配算法,且在某些情况下效率更高.就问题的一般性而言,该算法可广泛地应用于计算生物学、信息安全和信号处理等诸多领域.     

"工控软件互操作规范OPC技术"讲座第4讲OPC服务器与客户程序的设计

1 设计基础1.1 宽字符和VARIANT数据类型宽字符(unicode)的含义是用双字节表示一个字符,用于解决多种语言编程的符号表示问题.OPC接口的字符串参数都使用宽字符,具体实现时采用BSTR类型来传递字符串参数.BSTR类型是一个宽字符的指针,但其前4个字节表示字符串中所有的字节数,后面的字节才代表真正的宽字符串.     

强噪声背景下图像标定符号定位算法研究

金属断口图像中标定符号信息是进一步计算图像对应实际物理空间距离的依据.标定符号通常为印刷体,所以准确定位是正确识别的前提和关键.对强噪声复杂背景下的金属断口图像标定符号的定位算法的研究,先对直线特征明显的标尺符号定位,其中对Radon变换进行分块改进,使快速性和准确性有了明显改善.字符定位利用符号的纹理特征进行数学形态学粗定位和图像边缘模板匹配精定位结合的方法,并根据标尺位置和长度等信息缩小搜索区域.实验结果表明,该算法的定位准确率达到94%.     

面向微博图文相关关系识别的多模态特征组合研究

微博是常用的社交媒体,但对于微博图片和文本相关性的研究还很少。为研究中文图文微博相关性,使用了三种方法计算图文微博相似度特征,并将其与图文微博文本特征、社会特征组合起来,采用三种机器学习方法进行相关性分类。实验结果表明,针对三种图文相似度特征计算方法,基于WordNet的方法与基于Word-Embedding的方法效果较好,基于余弦相似度的方法效果较差,而加入文本特征和社会特征后,相关关系识别结果在三种机器学习算法上都有提高。综合考虑三种因素,使用Word-Embedding方法计算图文微博相似度特征,将其与文本特征和社会特征相组合,采用BP神经网络进行相关关系识别效果最好。     

基于多特征融合的东亚文种识别

针对目前基于统计特征和符号匹配的识别方法对字体较敏感的问题,提出一种基于多特征融合的东亚文种识别算法。该算法首先分析并提取高频形状特征、排版特征以及字符复杂度特征,然后采用模糊集贴近度准则进行识别。实验结果表明,该算法具有较高的识别准确率,并对不同字体具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。