大型捣固焦炉煤饼输送稳定性研究

介绍了大型捣固焦炉煤饼输送机构的结构并分析了煤饼塌饼的原因。从配煤要求、捣固机选用、捣固煤箱刚度要求、煤饼高宽比等方面提出了保证煤饼输送稳定性的措施。     

捣固煤饼稳定性影响因素探讨

研究了捣固炼焦工艺中煤饼的稳定性与配合煤水分、粒度组成以及捣固频次等因素的关系。综合分析认为,煤饼的稳定性用抗压强度和抗剪强度指标反映更准确,当配合煤水分控制在9%～11%,频次在5左右,配合煤细度在90%左右时进行捣固炼焦生产较为适宜,此时捣固煤饼的稳定性较好。     

事故煤处理系统在大型捣固焦炉中的应用

捣固炼焦是将配合好的炼焦煤输送到捣固装煤机的煤箱内,用捣固机将煤料捣固成煤饼,捣固装煤机从机侧炉门把煤饼送入炭化室,煤饼在炭化室内高温干馏成焦炭后,用推焦机推出。     

6.25m捣固焦炉生产运行状况及技术改进

以唐山佳华煤化工有限公司6.25 m捣固焦炉为例,从焦炉产量、生产工艺参数及塌饼率的控制等方面介绍了焦炉的生产运行状况,详细分析了捣固方式的改进及改为分层捣固技术后的经济效益。采用改进的分层捣固技术,提高了煤饼的强度,降低了入炉煤水分,减少了化产污水量,降低了炼焦耗热量,提高了热工效率,并且解决了捣固焦炉的塌饼问题,可为以后国内6.25 m捣固焦炉的发展提供经验数据。     

捣固机摩擦片在应用过程中的问题处理

近年来，随着国际国内市场对焦炭需求量的增大和对焦炭品质的提高，使捣固焦炉迅速发展。捣固机是捣固焦工艺的关键设备，捣固机摩擦片出现问题直接影响提锤高度，降低煤饼的堆密度和强度，以致造成煤饼倒塌事故。目前国产捣固机的摩擦片故障率较高、更换频繁，影响了捣固效率和焦炭质量，因此摩擦片的质量及使用寿命倍受关注。     

关于捣固炼焦焦饼收缩度的探讨

分析了捣固炼焦与顶装炼焦的焦饼收缩度差异性及其影响因素,探讨了低挥发分配煤在捣固炼焦设计和生产等方面的问题,并提出了下列措施:适当降低加热水平;设定合理的结焦时间;设计可调煤饼宽度的装煤车;根据配合煤Vdaf和X值调整煤饼宽度、高度及采用XD值指导生产,以保证煤饼与炉墙有足够的间隙和适宜的空间温度。     

捣固炼焦工艺配煤方案的研究

研究了捣固炼焦工艺对配煤方案和焦炭质量的影响。捣固炼焦可在配煤方案中增加弱黏煤比例,增大煤饼堆密度,改善焦炭结构,增加气孔壁厚度,改善焦炭质量,提高焦炭的冷热态强度。     

影响捣固煤饼质量的全因素数字化定量研究

通过研究捣固焦炉入炉煤的堆密度、细度、捣固锤数与焦炭的单孔产量关系,合理控制堆密度、入炉煤细度及捣固锤数,稳定焦炉单孔产量,促使焦炉生产更加稳定、高效、环保。     

煤调湿在捣固炼焦中的应用

随着捣固炼焦大型化的推进,煤饼的成型率越来越受到人们的关注,而煤饼成型率的好坏很大程度决定于入炉煤的水分控制。利用烟道气的热量及适当的外加热源进行煤调湿,可以提高煤饼成型率,增加焦炭产量,有效地降低回炉煤气量、减小污水及CO2的排放量。     

捣固焦炉煤饼高度与加热制度关系的研究

根据炼焦过程热的传导机理及捣固焦炉炉体特性,对捣固焦炉实施平台炉温管理,采用加热制度调整入炉煤饼高度方法,使焦炭达到均匀成熟的同时,提高了捣固焦炉产量。在一定温度范围内,升高标准温度,可提高捣固焦炉煤饼高度。生产实践表明,平台炉温制度和入炉煤饼形态操作法符合捣固焦的炉体特点,是一种具有实用性和推广价值的炉温控制操作技术。     

贫煤和瘦煤捣固炼焦的试验研究

对贫煤和瘦煤混合煤料的捣固炼焦进行了试验研究,结果表明,对混合煤料进行捣固处理,可以增大煤料的最大胶质层厚度和堆密度,降低煤料的最终收缩度;对于贫煤配加量不超过10％的混合煤料,捣固炼焦后可以生产出合格的冶金焦。     

煤料堆密度对1/3焦煤黏结性能影响的研究

研究了典型煤料范各庄1/3焦煤在不同堆密度条件下胶质层指数和最终收缩度及胶质层体积曲线的变化规律.结果表明,范各庄1/3焦煤堆密度从0.8t/m3增加到1.1t/m3时,煤料的胶质层指数Y由17.7mm增加到24.5mm,增加了7.8mm,提高了44.1%;其最终收缩度由25.2mm降到-7.9mm,增加131%,表明煤料结焦后的体积变化为正膨胀性能.在煤料堆密度增加后,其胶质层体积曲线由之字型向之与山混合型及山字型转变,表明煤料的表观黏结性能得到明显改善,且在密度较高时由1/3焦煤向肥煤性能靠近.     

全自动捣固焦炉煤加水控制系统

结合捣固焦炉配合煤含水对煤饼成型影响较大的实际,设计开发了全自动加水控制系统。介绍了该系统的原理、工艺流程及主要设备。该系统实现了在线监测与自动控制精准结合,克服了人工操作的不稳定性,入炉煤水分稳定,煤饼成型好,适合粉块状原料的加水自动控制作业。     

Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Sludge Properties,Cake Layer Structure,and Membrane Fouling in a Thermophilic Submerged Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor

Sludge properties, cake layer structure, and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor were studied under various hydraulic retention times (HRT). A decrease in HRT resulted in an increase in extracellular polymeric substance production in bulk sludge and changes in cake layer structure from gel layer to one or two cake layers. Particle size distribution in cake sludge changed with respect to HRT. An evolution in cake layer thickness and porosity was observed with trans-membrane pressure (TMP) jump. The change in cake layer structure might bear more responsibility for the TMP jump than the quantity of cake layer.     

Study on coke size degradation from coke plant wharf to blast furnaces stock house

The gas permeability, which is one of the most important requirements served by coke, is dependent largely on the size distribution of the coke at the various zones in the blast furnace. This papers deals with breakage of coke when it travels from wharf to blast furnace. In this study, six different coal blend samples in the range of 23.6–25.0% volatile matter and 11.7–14.8% ash were studied in stamp charged coke making process (wet bulk density 1.15 t/m³). The coke samples were collected from battery no. 8 wharf, CK06 (conveyer belt) and auto sampler. All experiments were conducted on shatter machine and an attempt has been made to find out reasons for breakage of coke. Results indicate that the coke size degradation is function of transporting system and dropping height of coke from wharf to blast furnace. It was also found that in stamp charging condition, it is possible to improve yield of blast furnace grade coke even at higher composition balance index of coal blend (2.94–3.70).     

Effects of binder on recovery stamp charged coke making process

The optimum stability of coal cake is essential for producing good quality of coke in stamp charged coke making process. A suitable binder named as ‘X7’ was identified to improve the stability of coal cake, oven throughput, coke quality and reduce specific energy consumption for stamp charged coke making process. Laboratory results show that addition of ‘X7’ in coal blend up to 0.10–0.50 percentage, improved the mechanical strength of coal cake by 3.0–5.0 percentage. Six hundred kg pilot plant trials show that addition of binder in the base coal blend improved coke quality in terms of CSR, M ₄₀ and AMS significantly. Coke plant trials also show that ‘X7’ addition (0.10%) in base coal blend improved coke quality in terms of CSR (1.25 point), M ₄₀ (0.9 point) and AMS (1.70 mm). Addition of ‘X7’ increased Coke End Temperature up to 24°C during plant trials. The increased in temperature saved energy approximately 11 000 Gcal and reduce CO₂ emission by at least 10 000 T/Annum.     

Variations in backwash efficiency during colloidal filtration of hollow-fiber microfiltration membranes

A series of filtration experiments was performed systematically to investigate physical and chemical factors affecting the efficiency of backwashing during microfiltration of colloidal suspensions. In this study, all experiments were conducted in dead-end filtration mode utilizing an outside-in, hollow-fiber module with a nominal pore size of 0.1 μm. Silica particles (mean diameter = 0.14 μm) were used as model colloids. Using a flux decline model based on the Happel's cell for the hydraulic resistance of the particle layer, the cake structure was determined from experimental fouling data and then correlated to backwash efficiency. Modeling of experimental data revealed no noticeable changes in cake layer structure when feed particle concentration and operating pressure increased. Specifically, the packing density of the cake layer (1-cake porosity) in the cake layer ranged from 0.66 to 0.67, which corresponds well to random packing density. However, the particle packing density increased drastically with ionic strength. The results of backwashing experiments demonstrated that the efficiency of backwashing decreased significantly with increasing solution ionic strength, while backwash efficiency did not vary when particle concentration and operating pressure increased. This finding suggests that backwash efficiency is closely related to the structure of the cake layer formed during particle filtration. More densely packed cake layers were formed under high ionic strength, and consequently less flux was recovered per given backwash volume during backwashing.     

单种煤可捣固性能的研究

通过对6种不同煤化度煤的可捣固性能的研究发现,不同煤化度煤种的可捣固性能差别很大,中等煤化度的烟煤可捣固性能较好.同时以气煤和肥煤为研究对象,考察成型压强、水分含量及粒度组成对煤饼性能的影响后发现,最适宜成型压强在30MPa左右,各煤种都存在属于自己的最佳水分区间,粒度组成对煤饼性能的影响也十分显著.     

捣固焦炉机侧洒煤原因分析及对策

由于配合煤水分高、细度低、操作工技能低及捣固设备故障率高等原因,导致捣固焦炉机侧洒煤严重。为此,通过采取严格控制入炉煤水分和细度,将传统五层给料捣固改为连续给料捣固,装煤车双侧驱动改为单侧驱动等措施后,解决了捣固焦炉装煤时机侧洒煤严重的问题,使炼焦的生产能力由原来80炉左右,达到了满负荷生产运行。     

跳汰机床层参数之间相互关系的研究

跳汰机床层某一位置的散密度、真密度、灰分、各密度级含量等床层参数之间存在着一定的相互关系。一般来说 ,对于一个选煤厂 ,原料煤的产地、原煤生产工艺及生产过程一旦确定 ,床层参数相互间关系也就随之确定了 ,研究这些相互关系 ,可以指导跳汰机操作 ,也可以为跳汰机自动控制提供信息