激光捷联惯导高阶误差模型参数系统级辨识

为改善高动态环境下激光捷联惯导系统的导航精度,建立了包含加速度计二次误差项和尺寸效应误差项的高阶误差模型,设计了合理的误差激励路径,以导航速度误差为观测量,利用系统级辨识方法对转台实测数据进行辨识,并对比了常规误差模型与高阶误差模型的补偿效果:在900 s动态导航过程中,东向速度误差由原来的15 m/s降低至3m/s,北向速度误差由原来的10 m/s降低至2m/s,结果表明基于系统级辨识的高阶误差模型可有效提高系统导航精度.     

基于SINS/CNS的月球车自主导航方法

针对月面特殊环境,设计了一种基于改进粒子滤波的捷联惯导与天文导航(SINS/CNS)月球车组合导航仿真方案。首先,根据月球表面导航的特殊要求,建立了月球环境下惯性导航系统的姿态、速度和位置误差方程,然后建立基于速度和天文联合观测的量测方程。由于系统状态方程和量测方程均为非线性方程,所以采用了改进的粒子滤波实现月球车位姿信息的最优估计,估计出组合导航系统的误差状态量,进而修正惯导系统的位置、速度和姿态。本设计的仿真结果表明:该方法具有很好的位置和姿态估计精度,同时有效抑制了量测噪声对系统性能的影响,是解决月球车自主导航问题的一种有效而实用的方法。     

双IMU/DGPS组合相对测姿系统同步方法研究

双IMU/DGPS组合相对测姿系统应用于动态载体上两点之间的相对姿态测量,该系统使用DGPS的速度和位置信息分别与主惯导系统和从惯导系统的导航信息进行组合,并解算两惯导系统的相对姿态.针对组合测姿系统对于同步的要求,提出了以惯导系统内石英晶体振荡器作为时间基准的数据同步方法,并进行了半实物仿真试验.试验结果表明,该同步方法可使双惯导系统间的数据同步误差从10ms减至100ns以下.同步精度满足要求,并具有很高的可靠性.     

基于系统标定理论的机械和光学惯导统一标定算法

针对传统标定算法依赖转台精度的缺点,文中从导航速度误差与惯性仪表误差参数的基本方程出发,深入分析了导航速度误差各方向分量与光学惯导误差参数的关系,给出了标定位置选取的原则;并在光学惯导系统标定的理论基础上,详细推导了导航速度误差与机械惯导陀螺零偏的关系,结合机械惯导输出模型,深入分析了过载系数的辨识方法,统一了机械和光学惯导的系统标定算法。仿真结果表明,该方法辨识精度高,降低了对转台的定位精度的要求,提高了标定设备的使用性。     

捷联惯导/天文组合导航

为了有效提高惯性导航精度,文中介绍了一种基于星敏感器的捷联惯导组合导航方法。首先分析了捷联惯导／星敏感器组合导航系统的工作原理。其次,对组合导航系统进行建模,分析系统误差,通过捷联惯导和星敏感器的输出构造量测值,建立系统的误差状态方程和量测方程。最后,利用间接卡尔曼滤波,估计出组合导航系统的误差状态量,进而修正捷联惯导系统的位置、速度和姿态角。最终,通过对仿真结果的分析证实了该方法的有效性。     

弹道导弹GPS/惯性组合导航系统的研究

论述了GPS和惯导的综合模式以及组合导航的误差模型,并利用卡尔曼滤波对GPS和惯导信息进行建模及仿真结果,说明GPS/惯导组合系统不但可以提高制导精度,还可以估计制导误差.     

基于Simulink的巡航导弹INS/CPS组合导航仿真

通过设计巡航导弹特殊航迹及组合导航滤波器,研究巡航导弹INS/CPS组合导航的实用性.其滤波器状态由惯导状态和CPS状态结合组成,滤波器则负责对惯导误差的估计.CPS位置误差由独立的仿真模块给出,系统状态向量只选取INS常用误差即状态向量,包括姿态角误差,经、纬度误差,东、北向速度误差,陀螺仪误差和东、北向加速度计误差.     

INS/GNSS组合导航的航空布撒器制导控制系统分析与设计

利用惯导系统和GPS各自的特点．分析设计了INS／GNSS组合导航的航空布撒器制导控制系统．并对惯导系统的误差方程进行了分析，研究结果表明．它可有效地提高系统导航参数的估计精度和速度，满足航空布撒器远距离飞行时的制导精度要求。     

基于高阶容积卡尔曼滤波的极区惯性/重力梯度组合导航方法

针对现有的导航手段在极区应用都存在一定的缺陷这一问题,提出了一种基于惯性/重力梯度的组合导航方法。建立了组合导航系统模型,首先,考虑到传统惯导解算方法在极区存在经线收敛的问题,给出了一种基于格网坐标系的惯导解算模型;基于重力梯度仪的误差特性,建立了系统的量测模型。为提高算法的估计精度和稳定性,并解决惯性/重力梯度组合导航系统雅克比矩阵求解复杂等问题,采用高阶容积卡尔曼滤波算法,结合重力梯度图,设计了组合导航滤波器。其中,为保证四元数的归一化,采用修正的罗德里格斯参数表示姿态误差。最后进行了蒙特卡洛数学仿真,仿真结果证明了该方法可以准确地估计出飞行器的位置和速度等信息,且估计精度高于扩展卡尔曼滤波;此外,通过仿真结果分析了重力梯度仪精度、地形、飞行器高度等影响组合导航精度的关键要素。     

基于旋转式惯性/天文组合导航系统信息融合算法研究

针对惯导系统姿态长时间发散问题,提出了基于单星辅助的旋转式激光陀螺惯导系统方案设计,采用绕航向轴旋转的方式调制水平方向陀螺和加速度计零偏导致的导航误差,同时运用单星测量的姿态信息辅助惯导系统抑制姿态发散。在此方案基础上,以Kalman滤波理论为基础,以惯导系统和星敏感器输出姿态角差值作为观测量进行信息融合,基于导航坐标系推导了姿态误差角和数学平台失准角之间的转换关系,建立了相应的滤波模型,并进行试验。试验结果显示导航误差由1241m降为833 m,表明基于该组合方案下建立的模型能有效提高导航精度,证实了该方案具有实际工程应用价值。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.