中国化学化工文摘聚合物乳液题录

<正>高分子乳化剂在丙烯酸酯乳液共聚物中的应用［刊］／鲁德平，熊传溪（湖北大学化学系）//高分子材料科学与工程。一2000，16（2）。-26-28 用丙烯酰胺系列高分子乳化剂和小分子乳化剂分别制备了丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液。完全含高分子     

水性压敏粘合剂的研制

采用种子乳液聚合法,将阴离子型乳化剂和非离子型乳化剂进行复配,以丙烯酸酯、醋酸乙烯酯为主要原料,引入功能单体,制备成醋丙乳液胶粘剂。试验表明:乳化剂用量为2%～3%、功能单体AA为2%～4%、引发剂用量为0.3%～0.4%、反应温度在80～85℃制得的胶粘剂,胶膜综合性能良好。     

乙烯基有机硅氧烷改性软包装水性复合胶粘剂研究

通过半连续种子乳液聚合工艺,引入交联单体乙烯基三异丙氧基硅烷,本文成功合成了乙烯基有机硅氧烷改性软包装水性丙烯酸酯胶粘剂乳液,并考察了交联单体的加入时间、用量对乳液及胶膜性能的影响。结果表明:各种功能单体、聚合型乳化剂、交联单体均参与了共聚反应,当交联单体在预乳液滴加结束前0.5 h均匀混入预乳液,用量为1.5%时,乳液及胶膜综合性能最优。     

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯耐水性影响因素的探讨

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液具有卓越的耐水性、耐沾污性和耐候性,是制备超耐候性建筑外墙涂料的理想基料。研究了有机硅含量、乳化剂配比及含量、单体组成及配比对硅丙乳胶膜吸水性的影响。     

反应性乳化剂对丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶性能影响的研究

选择了几种不同的乳化剂体系,采用预乳化种子聚合工艺,制备了丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶.比较了常规乳化剂和反应性乳化剂对乳液的各项物理性能,胶膜的耐水性、力学性能以及压敏胶的初黏力、持黏力、180°剥离强度等的影响,并进行了分析.研究结果表明:与常规乳化剂相比,使用反应性乳化剂(Er-30、Se-10N复配体系)能显著提高胶膜的耐水性,并对单体转化率、持黏力、180°剥离强度等性能有所改善,获得综合性能较好的乳液压敏胶.     

可聚合阳离子含氟表面活性剂在含氟丙烯酸酯乳液聚合中的应用

以可聚合阳离子含氟表面活性剂N-(乙酸全氟辛基乙基酯)-N-(乙醇丙烯酸酯)二甲基溴化铵(PF8DM)为乳化剂,进行含氟丙烯酸酯的细乳液聚合研究,考察了PF8DM用量对单体转化率和凝胶率的影响,PF8DM用量对乳液的稳定性和表面性能的影响;分别采用PF8DM和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作为乳化剂考察其对乳胶膜性能的影响。结果表明,当PF8DM含量为单体总质量的4%时,单体转化率达95%,凝胶率为0.6%;所得乳液具有优异的贮存、稀释、离心稳定性;当PF8DM用量为单体总质量的6%时得到的乳胶膜接触角达118.6°。在总含氟量相同的条件下,采用PF8DM为乳化剂制备的含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,其乳胶膜的吸水率大大降低,拒水性也明显增强。     

AMPS对丙烯酸酯乳液及其乳胶膜性能的影响

采用半连续种子乳液聚合法,以少量2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为功能单体,成功制备了一种高稳定性、高固含量的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丙烯酸丁酯/丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯[P(MMA/BA/HEA)]无皂乳液及相应乳胶膜。探讨AMPS对丙烯酸酯乳液及其乳胶膜性能的影响。结果表明,随着可聚合乳化剂AMPS用量的增加,乳胶粒子的粒径变小;在加入适量的AMPS后,乳液稳定性提高,乳胶膜耐水性增强。     

反应型乳化剂对丙烯酸酯乳液聚合的影响研究

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为主单体,通过种子乳液半连续法合成了纳米级丙烯酸酯乳液,并考察了三种乳化剂对丙烯酸酯乳液及胶膜性能的影响.研究结果表明:反应型乳化剂(SR-10/JS-20)制备的丙烯酸酯聚合物其耐水性和耐电解质稳定性均优于传统乳化剂(SDS);当w(SR-10)=3％(相对于单体质量而言...     

有机硅/纳米TiO_2改性丙烯酸酯乳胶涂料的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备二氧化钛(TiO_2)溶胶,并用含有可聚合基团的硅烷偶联剂(KH-570)对其进行接枝改性,制备可聚合的有机硅改性纳米TiO_2溶胶,然后通过核壳乳液聚合法,制备有机硅/纳米TiO_2改性丙烯酸酯乳液,并配制乳胶涂料。研究了改性纳米TiO_2溶胶、乳化剂和引发剂的用量对乳液及乳胶膜性能的影响。结果表明:有机硅/纳米TiO_2改性乳胶膜玻璃化转变温度和热稳定性有所提高,乳胶涂料的综合性能也有所改善。     

纸塑复合用丙烯酸酯乳液胶粘剂的制备

采用半连续法制备了一种纸塑复合用丙烯酸酯乳液胶粘剂,讨论了乳化剂的用量、松香乳液的用量、交联剂的用量等因素对胶粘剂性能的影响。结果表明,当乳化剂的用量为4.5%、松香乳液用量为10%,胶粘剂的性能较好;另外,加入一定量的交联剂,可显著提高该胶粘剂的耐水性。     

Effects of polymeric emulsifiers on the properties of acrylic emulsion pressure‐sensitive adhesives

A series of polymeric emulsifiers was polymerized with 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylic acid. The polymeric emulsifiers were used to make emulsion copolymers of 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylic acid. The average particle size of the synthesized emulsions was around 145 nm and the size distribution was very narrow. Also, the emulsions showed good freeze–thaw stability and adhesion properties. The peel strength and holding power of the emulsions were investigated by changing the composition and molecular weight of the polymeric emulsifier. The results show that the peel strength exhibits a maximum at particular molecular weight and acrylic acid content of the polymeric emulsifier, while the holding power increases with molecular weight. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1456–1460, 2004     

高分子酯类乳化剂在乳化炸药中的应用

通过测量乳胶基质硝酸铵析出量、乳化炸药爆速及乳胶基质黏度,研究了8种高分子酯类乳化剂在乳化炸药中的应用。实验结果显示,高分子酯类乳化剂在乳化炸药中具有较好的应用性能,乳化剂的乳化能力好于T152乳化剂;双头乳化剂制备的乳胶基质黏度比单头乳化剂大,更适宜化学敏化的乳化炸药。     

反应型乳化剂对丙烯酸酯乳液稳定性和粘度的影响

使用反应型乳化剂烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚硫酸铵(DNS-86)和常规乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)制备丙烯酸酯乳液,研究了这两种乳化剂对乳液稳定性的影响,比较了两种乳化剂对乳液粘度的作用方式,探讨了反应型乳化剂对乳液粘度的影响机理。结果表明:与常规乳化剂SDS相比,使用反应型乳化剂DNS-86制得的乳液稳定性得到提高,当DNS-86的用量为2.0%时,乳液的稳定性最好。乳液的粘度随乳化剂用量的增大呈锯齿状增加。使用DNS-86制备的乳液粒径较大、粒径分布较窄、粘度较小。     

含羟基叔氟微乳液的合成及水性双组分聚氨酯清漆的制备

以叔碳酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸六氟丁酯、含羟基单体、反应型阴离子乳化剂、非离子乳化剂、（甲基）丙烯酸及其酯类单体等为原料制备了新型含羟基叔氟共聚物乳液。考察了反应温度、乳化剂用量、乳化剂配比、引发剂用量、有机氟单体等对乳液聚合过程的影响；并对制备的乳液进行了红外、机械稳定性等的表征，确定了最佳反应条件。利用该新型乳液和水性固化剂，制备了常温固化水性双组分聚氨酯涂料，并进行了测试表征。     

Mass transfer studies on multiple emulsion as a controlled mass release system

A novel type of multiple emulsions which contain a microemulsion in macrodroplets, was prepared by a two-step emulsification procedure. Mineral oil was used as the oil phase with a mixture of Aerosol OT and Span 20 as primary emulsifiers. A water-in-oil microemulsion was prepared by gradual addition of water in oil containing both these emulsifiers. This microemulsion system, when dispersed in an aqueous solution containing secondary emulsifier, produces water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsions. The release rate of solute dissolved in the internal aqueous phase was measured using the dialysis technique. A theoretical model describing the diffusion of a multiple emulsion system was developed, which predicts the half-life for 50% of the internal solute to diffuse to the external phase. Experimental results showed the stability of multiple emulsions improved significantly upon using a thermodynamically stable microemulsion as a primary emulsion and a polymeric surfactant as a secondary emulsifier. As a resull, half-life of these multiple emulsions is greater than that of conventional multiple emulsions.     

碱溶性核/壳型丙烯酸酯胶粘剂乳液的合成研究

以反应型阴/非离子乳化剂(DNS-86/ANPEO-10)为复配乳化剂、丙烯酸(AA)和甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为混合羧基单体、丙烯酸异辛酯(EHA)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为混合交联单体等,采用半连续种子乳液聚合法合成了核/壳型碱溶性丙烯酸酯乳液。讨论了反应型乳化剂、羧基单体及交联单体等对丙烯酸酯乳液胶粘剂性能的影响。结果表明:各种功能单体、反应型乳化剂均参与了共聚反应,并且相应基团的红外光谱(FT-IR)特征吸收峰比较明显;当w(DNS-86+ANPEO-10)=2.5%且m(DNS-86)∶m(ANPEO-10)=1.0∶(1.0～1.5)、w(AA+MAA)=8%且m(AA)∶m(MAA)=2∶3、m(HEA)∶m(GMA)=1.5∶1且w(HEA+GMA)=4%～5%时,采用核/壳聚合工艺制备的乳液胶粘剂,其耐水性及碱溶性良好,并且其综合性能相对最佳。     

可聚合乳化剂对丙烯酸乳液性能的影响

用甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯及丙烯酸-2-羟丙酯作主单体，丙烯酸作功能单体合成了水性涂料用纯丙乳液，比较了常规乳化剂和可聚合乳化剂对丙烯酸酯乳液性能（包括聚合稳定性，化学稳定性等）的影响，同时用透射电镜观察了粒子形态。结果表明：使用可聚合乳化剂烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯（10）醚硫酸铵（DNS-86），能有效改善乳液的性能。     

乳液型丙烯酸酯压敏胶的合成与改性研究进展

介绍了近年来丙烯酸酯PSA(压敏胶)的性能特点、各种改性方法(包括细乳液聚合、增黏树脂改性、改变PSA微观结构、聚合型乳化剂改性和有机硅改性等)的研究进展。开发多功能化的高剪切强度、高剥离强度、高粘接强度和高黏性的环保型PSA,是该研究领域的发展方向。     

Hybrid emulsifiers enhancing polymerization stabilities and properties of pressure sensitive adhesives

In this study, a series of (anionic and nonionic) emulsifiers were investigated to prepare acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA) with core‐shell structure by semicontinuous emulsion polymerization. The cloud point of different emulsifiers was characterized to explain the emulsifier effects on the emulsification ability. It was interestingly found that the hybrid emulsifiers (anionic coupling with nonionic) with optimized compositions could enhance the stability of emulsion system and improve the properties of PSA compared with the mono‐emulsifier. The stability of emulsion polymerization, the appearance of the emulsion system and the properties of PSA were studied in details by changing the proportion and the content of hybrid emulsifiers. When the ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS: anionic emulsifier) to polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether (OP‐10: nonionic emulsifier) reached 2 : 1, the content of hybrid emulsifiers reached 3 wt % and the reaction temperature was around 80°C, a better emulsion system was obtained in terms of comprehensive properties. At this condition, the synthesized PSA demonstrated the good holding power and 180° peel strength properties with fair tacky property, which was promising for industrial applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Emulsion Semi-Batch Terpolymerization Process Using Hybrid Emulsifiers for Synthesizing New Emulsion Pressure Sensitive Adhesives (EPSAs)

In order to obtain a suitable formulation of designing direct synthesis of acrylic latexes to be used as emulsion pressure sensitive adhesives (EPSA), having high shear resistance together with high peel strength and tack, free radical emulsion polymerization of hard monomers, such as styrene (St), vinyl acetate monomer (VAM), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl methacrylate (BMA), and soft monomers, butyl acrylate (BA) and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) along with multifunctional monomers, namely acrylic acid (AA), were carried out. The effect of the type of hard and soft acrylic monomers, the type and level of emulsifiers, and the initiator concentration on the emulsion polymer stability and final properties of the EPSA were investigated. The results obtained showed an optimized composition. This composition led to a significant increase in shear strength and peel strength to 909 kPa and 0.45 N/mm, respectively, while the synthesized PSA was still too tacky, 5.5 cm, according to adhesion performance testing. For making this successful balance of the conflicting adhesion properties of PSA, a series of anionic and nonionic emulsifiers were investigated. It was interestingly found out that the hybrid emulsifiers (anionic coupling with nonionic) with the optimized compositions could enhance the stability of the emulsion system and improve the properties of PSA compared with the mono-emulsifier. We also tried to adjust the initiator concentration with the level of the optimized hybrid emulsifier, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether (K30), dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS), and sodium vinyl sulfonate (SVS) with the ratio 2:1:1, resulting in a highly preferred proportion of the 0.5 part of the initiator versus 1.25 parts of the hybrid emulsifier in terms of the total weight of the monomers.