喷射沉积Al-17Si-4Fe-2Mn-3Ni-3.5Cu-1Mg合金组织与性能

采用喷射沉积快速凝固技术制备了Al-17Si-4Fe-2Mn-3Ni-3.5Cu-1Mg合金,利用金相、XRD、SEM等测试方法分析了合金的组织特征、热稳定性及力学性能.结果表明,喷射沉积合金的组织由大量弥散分布的粒状相,少量块状相和共晶基体组成.合金在150、250、350 ℃下不同时间加热后,初晶Si没有明显的粗化.证明其在350 ℃下具有良好的热稳定性.合金经热处理后,室温抗拉强度达373 MPa.     

添加Ce与P+Sr复合变质对高硅耐热铝合金组织与性能的影响

研究了添加Ce与P+Sr复合变质对Al-21Si-1．5Cu-0．5Mg-2．5Fe合金显微组织与性能的影响。结果表明:添加1．5％Ce使粗大针状铁相消失,形成富Ce富Fe的鱼骨状相;P+Sr复合变质可使初晶硅平均尺寸由70 mm细化到20mm,共晶硅平均截线长降到2．1 mm,合金室温抗拉强度比未变质前提高21．5％,与P+Sr+Ce复合变质的Al-21Si-1．5 Cu-1．5Ni-2．5Fe-0．5Mg合金相当。     

半固态挤压Al-Si-Fe合金组织与性能

采用半固态挤压成形技术制备了Al-17Si-5Fe-3Mn-4Cu-1Mg(质量分数,%)合金。利用金相显微镜分析了合金铸态、电磁搅拌态、挤压态的组织。用电子万能试验机对挤压态合金的力学性能进行测量。试验结果表明:经过半固态挤压后,合金组织发生了明显细化,第二相长度和厚度减小,同时尖角发生钝化,且分布较均匀,力学性能比铸态提高了117.4%。     

Al-Ti-B-RE细化剂对Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

研究添加Al-5Ti-lB-RE细化剂对Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg（A357）合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。先利用真空熔炼技术制各Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg合金,然后在Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg合金中加入不同成分的Al-5Ti-1B-RE中间合金。通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、金相显微镜（OM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对显微组织和拉伸试样的断口形貌进行观察。在室温下对合金的力学性能进行测试。观察Al-5Ti-1B-RE细化剂的形态以及内部结构,可以发现以TiB,为异质形核核心的TiAl3／Ti2Al20RE的壳层结构相。在Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg合金中加入Al-5Ti-1B-3．0RE细化剂后,抗拉强度会有明显提升,直到0．2％添加量时,抗拉强度会达到峰值。     

The corrosion behavior of Fe-based shape memory alloys

Fe-30Mn-6Si, Fe-30Mn-6Si-5Cr and Fe-13Mn-5Si-12Cr-5Ni shape memory alloys were prepared by a VIM technique. The various corrosion tests were conducted to investigate the corrosion behaviors of these alloys. Experimental results show that in 3.5% NaCl solution, the Fe-13Mn-5Si-12Cr-5Ni alloy had the best chemical corrosion resistance, whereas the Fe-30Mn-6Si-5Cr alloy was locally attacked, forming many corrosion pits after immersion test. In addition, the detachment of the corrosion product covering the Fe-30Mn-6Si alloy caused an abrupt increase in the weight loss. After 2 h of heat treatment at 1000 °C, the corrosion potential of the Fe-30Mn-6Si alloy increased due to the formation of α-ferrite, while the Fe-30Mn-6Si-5Cr alloy became more active. In the stress-corrosion cracking test, the Fe-13Mn-5Si-12Cr-5Ni alloy, having the highest fracture stress in the atmosphere among these alloys, exhibited the largest decrease in fracture stress in the saturated H₂S solution due to the existence of α-martensite.     

喷射成形Zn-Al-Mn-CU-Mg合金的固溶处理

利用喷射成形技术制备高强度Zn-35Al-3.5Mn-2.2Cu-0.1Mg合金,对合金在不同温度和保温时间下进行固溶处理.用X射线衍射和扫描电镜等手段研究了合金的显微组织,并测定了合金的力学性能.结果表明,双级固溶和单级固溶处理制度相比,前者得到的组织较为理想,再结晶晶粒尺寸较小,同时回溶颗粒较多.采用双级固溶处理(360℃×3 h+390℃×1h和120℃×15 h时效处理)后,合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到526 MPa和471MPa,伸长率达到9.2%.     

Grain refinement of primary silicon in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys by different P-containing compounds

The grain refinement behavior of Si-3 P,Si-25 Mn-10 P,and Al-10 Si-2 Fe-3 P master alloys on hypereutectic Al-24 Si alloy was studied.Microstructure analysis indicates that the P-containing compounds in the three master alloys are Si P,Mn P,and Al P,respectively.The coarse flower-like primary silicon in the Al-24 Si alloy transforms into smaller,well-distributed blocks with the addition of various master alloys.When pouring at 840°C,the average grain size of the primary silicon refined by Si-25 Mn-10 P master alloy with a holding time of 30 min is about 18μm,which is significantly smaller than those refined by Si-3 P and Al-10 Si-2 Fe-3 P master alloys.The grain size shows an increasing trend when the holding time is further prolonged.Higher holding temperature has a positive effect on the grain refinement of Si-25 Mn-10 P master alloy.The grain refinement mechanism of the three master alloys was also discussed.     

Mn和Mg对Al-5Fe合金初生Al3Fe相形貌的影响

Mn和Mg添加到Al-5Fe(质量分数，％，下同)合金中，初生Al3Fe相的形貌发生明显变化．未加入合金元素时，该合金中的初生Al3Fe相长成粗大的针片状；加入2．5％Mn和0．1％Mg(质量分数，下同)后，粗大的初生富铁相消失，取而代之的是细小针状、粒状和花朵状；加入2．5％Mn和1．5％Mg，合金中的富铁相大部分转变为粒状和穗状(分叉状)两种．探讨了粒状和穗状的形成机理．对合金力学性能的测试表明，加入Mn和Mg后，合金的抗拉强度得到了不同程度的提高：Al～5Fe合金为107MPa，Al-5Fe-2．5Mn-0．1Mg合金为139MPa，Al-5Fle-2．5Mn-1．5Mg合金为122MPa，增长幅度分别为29．9％和14％．     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of rapidly solidified Al-20Si-xFe-3Cu-lMg (x=0 and 5 wt.%) Extradates

The effects of Fe addition and initial powder size distribution on mechanical properties of Al-20Si-3Cu-lMg alloy, prepared by gas atomization and followed by hot consolidation, were studied by using optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, tensile and wear test. The Al-20Si-xFe-3Cu-lMg (x=0, 5) alloys showed homogeneous and refined microstructure. Addition of Cu and Mg to Al-20Si alloy showed increased tensile property due to precipitation hardening. Addition of Fe to Al-20Si-3Cu-lMg increased tensile strength further due to the formation of spherical Al-Si-Fe compound during hot consolidation and phase transformed from the metastable phase. Alloy bars prepared from powder with wide-size distribution showed low tensile strength and wear resistance.     

均匀化处理对Al-Cu-Mg合金组织和性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析、差热分析、硬度测试和拉伸测试等方法研究了均匀化处理对Al-4.5Cu-0.8Mg合金的组织和性能的影响。结果表明:Al-4.5Cu-0.8Mg铸态组织中存在较严重的枝晶偏析现象,晶界及晶界交汇处有大量Al2Cu相及Al2Cu和Al2CuMg的共晶相,合金经480℃×12 h均匀化处理后,组织中的非平衡相已基本溶解,综合力学性能较好,抗拉强度为320 MPa,屈服强度为246 MPa,伸长率为10.2%,硬度为139.2 HV。     

Influence of Li addition on mechanical property and aging precipitation behavior of Al-3.5Cu-1.5Mg alloy

The influence of Li addition on mechanical property and aging precipitation behavior of Al-3.5Cu-1.5Mg alloy was investigated by tensile test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results show that the tensile strength can be significantly improved with the slightly decreased ductility and the form of fracture morphology is converted from ductile fracture into ductile/brittle mixed fracture by adding 1.0% Li. Besides, the peak aging time at 185 °C is delayed from 12 to 24 h and the main precipitation phase S'(Al₂CuMg) is converted into S' (Al₂CuMg)+δ'(Al₃Li), while the formation of S'(Al₂CuMg) is delayed.     

Influence of Alloying Element Addition on Cu–Al–Ni High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloy without Second Phase Formation

In this study,the effects of rare earth Gd and Fe elements on the microstructure,the mechanical properties and the shape memory effect of Cu–11.9Al–3.8Ni high-temperature shape memory alloy were investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and compression test.The microstructure observation results showed that both Cu–11.9Al–3.8Ni–0.2Gd and Cu–11.9Al–3.8Ni–2.0Fe–0.2Gd alloys displayed the fine grain and singlephase b01martensite,and their grain size was about several hundred microns,one order of the magnitude smaller than that of Cu–11.9Al–3.8Ni alloy.The compression test results proved that the mechanical properties of Cu–11.9Al–3.8Ni alloy were dramatically improved by alloying element additions due to grain refinement and solid solution strengthening,and the compressive fracture strains of Cu–11.9Al–3.8Ni–0.2Gd and Cu–11.9Al–3.8Ni–2.0Fe–0.2Gd were 12.0%and 17.8%,respectively.When the pre-strain was 10%,the reversible strains of 5.4%and 5.9%were obtained for Cu–11.9Al–3.8Ni–0.2Gd and Cu–11.9Al–3.8Ni–2.0Fe–0.2Gd alloys after being heated to 500°C for 1 min,and the obvious two-way shape memory effect was also observed.     

Microstructural study on effects of C-alloying on Cu-Fe-P cast alloy

The effects of C-alloying on the microstructure and secondary phase particles of Cu-2.5Fe-0.1P cast alloy were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), and image simulation. The mechanical and electrical properties were slightly improved, and grain refinement and fine γ-Fe particles were evident. Additionally, the Fe₃P particles were characterized, and abnormally grown Fe₃P particles were observed at the grain boundary in the non C-alloyed and C-alloyed specimens.     

Effects of trace Zr on the microstructure and properties of 2E12 alloy

Al-4.0Cu-1.4Mg-0.6Mn (2E12) and Al-4.0Cu-1.4Mg-0.6Mn-0.3Zr aluminum billets were manufactured by soft-contact electromagnetic continuous casting (EMC). Subsequent forging and heat treatment were conducted and the effects of Zr on the microstructure and properties of the Al-4.0Cu-1.4Mg-0.6Mn alloy were studied. The results show that the addition of 0.3% Zr can reduce the dendrite and refine grains. During forging and solution treatment, fine and dispersive Al₃Zr particles precipitated from the supersaturated α (Al) solid solution in the heating process of the billet can effectively pin dislocations and subgrain boundaries. Because of the addition of Zr, the mechanical properties are improved with the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and contraction of the area increasing by 5.4%, 11.3%, 9.7%, and 12.6%, respectively. Moreover, under the condition of R = 0.1, the fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN) of the Al-4.0Cu-1.4Mg-0.6Mn-0.3Zr alloy is lower than that of the Al-4.0Cu-1.4Mg-0.6Mn alloy.     

Brazeability of the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy with Al-Si-20Cu-based filler metals

The bond strength of the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy brazed with Al-12Si, Al-9.6Si-20Cu, and Al-7Si-20Cu-2Sn filer metals at a low temperature of 550°C is evaluated. The fractography of these brazements after tensile tests was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that joints with good integrity can be produced with Al-7Si-20Cu-2Sn filler metal because it can be used in a temperature range of 504 to 526 °C, about 70 °C lower than the traditional Al-12Si filler metal. It was shown that joints of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy as the base metal, when brazed at 550 °C for 60 min using this new filler metal and ward, and after being subjected to a T6 treatment, possessed a high bonding strength of about 121 Mpa.     

T6态Al-10Si-5Cu-0.75Mg合金干滑动摩擦磨损性能的研究

利用UMT-2 型摩擦磨损试验机研究了T6态Al-10Si-5Cu-0.75Mg 合金的干滑动摩擦磨损性能,采取SEM、XRD、EDS等方法分析了合金在不同转速和载荷下的摩擦磨损行为。结果表明：合金的磨损率随转速和载荷的增加而增大,但在800 r/min的高转速下仍具有良好的耐磨性,15N高载荷时的磨损率相对于5N低载荷时只增加了291%,属于轻微磨损;摩擦系数的平均值在0.35-0.40范围内变化,且随时间的变化不大,具有较高的稳定性;另外,磨损机制由低速轻载时的磨粒磨损、粘着磨损向高速重载时的剥层磨损、氧化磨损转变。     

Effect of Magnesium on Microstructure Refinements and Properties Enhancements in High-Strength CuNiSi Alloys

Microalloying is an effective method to improve the comprehensive properties of copper alloys.The effects of magnesium on the microstructure,mechanical properties and anti-stress relaxation properties of CuNiSi alloys have been investigated.Results demonstrated that magnesium plays significant roles in refining the dendritic microstructure of the as-cast ingot,accelerating the precipitation decomposition,improving the mechanical properties and increasing the anti-stress relaxation properties.The incremental strength increase is due to the Orowan strengthening from the nanoscale Ni_2 Si and Ni_3 Al precipitates.As compared with the Cu-6.0 Ni-1.0 Si-0.5 Al(wt%) alloy,the ultimate tensile strength of the designed Cu-6.0 Ni-1.0 Si-0.5 Al-0.15 Mg(wt%) alloy increases from 983.9 to 1095.7 MPa,and the electrical conductivity decreases from 27.1 to 26.6% IACS,respectively.The stress relaxation rates of the designed Cu-6.0 Ni-1.0 Si-0.5 Al-0.15 Mg alloy are 4.05%at 25℃,6.62% at 100℃and 9.74% at 200℃after having been loaded for 100 h,respectively.Magnesium significantly promotes nucleation during precipitation and maintains small precipitate size.     

Effects of Sc,Zr and Ti on the microstructure and properties of Al alloys with high Mg content

The effects of trace Sc, Zr, and Ti on the microstructure and hardness of Al alloys with high Mg content (Al-6Mg, Al-8Mg, and Al-10Mg) were studied by optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brinell hardness. The grain size of the as-cast alloys was refined by the addition of Sc and Zr, and it was further refined by the addition of Ti. With the same contents of Sc, Zr, and Ti, an increase in Mg content was beneficial to the refinement due to the solution of Mg into α-Al. The refined microstructures of the as-cast alloys were favorable for Brinell hardness. Addition of Sc, Zr, and Ti to the Al-10Mg alloy results in the improvement of peak hardness and it is about 45% higher than that of the Al-10Mg alloy, which is due to fine precipitations of Al₃(Sc_1−x Zr _x ), Al₃(Sc_1−x Ti _x ), and Al₃(Sc_1−x−y Zr _x Ti _y ).     

Brazing of 6061 aluminum alloy/Ti-6Al-4V using Al-Si-Cu-Ge filler metals

Al-8.4Si-20Cu-10Ge and mixed rare-earth elements (Re) containing Al-8.4Si-20Cu-10Ge-0.1Re filler metals were used for brazing of 6061 aluminum alloy/Ti-6Al-4V. The addition of 20 wt.% copper and 10 wt.% germanium into the Al-12Si filler metal lowered the solidus temperature from 586 °C to 489 °C and the liquidus temperature from 592 °C to 513 °C. The addition of 0.1 wt.% rare-earth elements into Al-8.4Si-20Cu-10Ge alloy caused remarkable Al-rich phase refinement and transformed the needle-like Al₂Cu intermetallic compounds into block-like shapes. Shear strengths of the 6061 aluminum alloy/Ti-6Al-4V joints with the two brazing filler metals, Al-8.4Si-20Cu-10Ge and Al-8.4Si-20Cu-10Ge-0.1Re, varied insignificantly with brazing periods of 10-60 min. The average shear strength of the 6061 aluminum alloy/Ti-6Al-4V joints brazed with Al-8.4Si-20Cu-10Ge at 530 °C was about 20 MPa. Rare-earth elements appeared to improve the reaction of the Al-8.4Si-20Cu-10Ge filler metal with Ti-6Al-4V. The joint shear strength of the 6061 aluminum alloy/Ti-6Al-4V with Al-8.4Si-20Cu-10Ge-0.1Re reached about 51 MPa.     

Effect of Cu on the Creep Behavior of Cast Al-15Si-0.5Mg Alloy

JOM - In the present article, the effect of Cu on the microstructure and creep properties of Al-15Si-0.5Mg cast alloy was studied by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy...