PP/硅灰石复合材料在室内家具设计中的应用研究进展

综述了聚丙烯(PP)/硅灰石复合材料在室内家具设计中的应用,主要介绍了其在室内家具装饰件和承载力构件的应用.当相容剂甲基丙烯酸丁酯和苯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯-马来酸酐共聚物接枝改性聚丙烯与改性硅灰石质量分数均为30％时,PP/硅灰石复合材料的力学性能最好,制备的家具抗冲击性能好.按材料的性能沿承载结构布置传力路径,可以最大限...     

PP/硅灰石复合材料力学性能的研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/硅灰石复合材料,考察了硅灰石表面处理及其用量对PP/硅灰石复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:硅灰石粉体经偶联剂甜菜碱(CAB)表面改性处理后,其填充复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂强度和冲击强度均比未处理体系有所提高。随着改性硅灰石用量的增加,PP/硅灰石复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂强度均先升后降,其中当改性硅灰石用量为10 phr时,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂强度均达到最大值,分别比纯PP提高了17%和63%;另外,当改性硅灰石用量为40 phr时,复合材料的冲击强度达到最大值(2.59 kJ/m2),比纯PP提高了29%。     

SIVO408改性硅灰石在聚丙烯树脂中的应用研究

文章采用低聚短链烷基硅烷SIVO408对硅灰石进行表面改性,然后与聚丙烯树脂(PP)熔融共混制备PP树脂基复合材料,研究了改性硅灰石的填充份数对PP树脂基复合材料的密度、熔体流动速率、热变形温度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量等性能的影响。结果表明：改性硅灰石的加入增大了PP树脂基复合材料的密度,与纯PP树脂相比,填充30份改性硅灰石的PP树脂基复合材料的密度从0.898 g/cm³增大到1.049 g/cm³;显著改善了PP树脂基复合材料的热性能,硅灰石添加份数为20份时其热变形温度达到最高值82.5℃,升高了9.9℃(13.6%)。重要的是,改性硅灰石在高填充量的情况下基本不会影响PP树脂基复合材料的加工流动性和拉伸强度,明显提高了PP树脂基复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量,硅灰石添加份数为25份时PP树脂基复合材料的弯曲强度达到最大值35.890 MPa,增加了3.5410 MPa(10.9%),硅灰石添加份数为30份时PP树脂基复合材料的弯曲模量最大为1 709.50 MPa,增加了435.40 MPa(34.2%)。     

滑石粉对聚丙烯微观形态和性能影响

以滑石粉为填料通过挤出机熔融共混制备聚丙烯（PP）/滑石粉复合材料,考察了硅烷偶联剂对滑石粉表面改性前后及添加不同含量的乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）对共混物力学性能、流变性能和微观形态的影响。结果表明,滑石粉表面改性后可以明显提高PP的缺口冲击强度,当PP/滑石粉质量比为100/10和100/30时,PP/滑石粉（改性）较PP/滑石粉（未改性）复合材料的缺口冲击强度分别提高37.8 %与36.4 %;表面改性后的滑石粉使复合材料的储能模量降低;POE的加入提高了滑石粉在PP基体中的分散性,随着其含量的增加,复合材料的缺口冲击强度提高,韧性提高。     

硅灰石表面改性研究及应用

利用硅烷偶联剂KH570改性硅灰石,并用其填充聚丙烯制备复合材料(KW/PP)。通过比较水接触角考察了KH570用量、改性时间及改性温度对硅灰石表面改性效果的影响,并用红外光谱、扫描电镜对复合材料进行表征。结果表明:当KH570为硅灰石质量的4%,改性时间为2 h,改性温度为80℃时,改性效果最好。KW/PP复合材料的冲击强度与弯曲强度较纯PP有明显提高。     

线性低密度聚乙烯与硅灰石共混改性聚丙烯研究

采用熔融共混的方法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)/硅灰石复合材料。主要研究了硅灰石、LLDPE对PP力学性能的影响。结果表明:当PP/LLDPE/硅灰石质量比为80/20/30时,改性后产品的室温冲击强度达到了纯PP的3.53倍,低温冲击强度是纯PP的8.83倍。改性后的PP内部结构紧密,混合均匀,且热变形温度影响不大。     

LDPE对PP／硅灰石复合材料增韧改性的研究

将PP与高填充量的硅灰石通过双螺杆挤出机熔融共混制得了PP/硅灰石复合材料;将PP/硅灰石复合材料与LDPE通过双螺杆挤出机进行二次共混制得了PP/LDPE/硅灰石三元复合材料;研究了硅灰石对PP的热变形温度(HDT)和力学性能的影响以及LDPE对PP/硅灰石复合材料HDT和力学性能的影响.结果表明,硅灰石能大幅度地提高PP的弯曲性能和HDT,但使其拉伸强度和冲击强度有所下降;随LDPE质量分数的增加,PP/LDPE/硅灰石复合材料的HDT、拉仲强度和弯曲性能下降,而冲击韧性明显改善.LDPE不能改善硅灰石与基体间的相容性;但在复合材料受冲击力作用时,可引发基体产生屈服变形,从而改善复合材料的冲击性能.     

硅灰石形貌对聚丙烯结晶行为的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯（PP）／硅灰石复合材料,并对其结晶行为进行研究。用X-射线衍射（XRD）研究了硅灰石的加入及类型对PP的晶体尺寸及类型的影响。结果显示,硅灰石的加入不改变PP的晶型,仍为α晶,而晶粒尺寸变小,表明硅灰石有异相成核作用。相比较而言,针状硅灰石比颗粒状硅灰石的异相成核作用更明显。采用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）在各种不同冷却速率下对复合材料的非等温结晶动力学过程进行研究,并用Jeziorny法来描述这些样品的非等温结晶过程。在相同的冷却速率下,半结晶时间（t′1/2）、结晶速率常数（Zc）等数据表明复合材料的结晶速率比纯PP的快,说明硅灰石具有异相成核作用,与颗粒硅灰石相比,针状硅灰石异相成核作用更明显。     

合成树脂/硅灰石复合材料性能分析及其在室内家具中的应用

在简述了聚丙烯(PP)材料在室内家具中应用现状的基础上,提出了对PP进行填充改性可以大幅度提高其力学性能,降低使用成本并拓宽适用场景。选择了硅灰石作为主要填料,制备了PP-SBM(苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯和马来酸酐三单体接枝改性聚丙烯)相容剂对硅灰石进行改性,设计了PP/W(聚丙烯/硅灰石)复合材料力学性能实验,介绍了实验中的主要仪器与材料,分析了改性硅灰石和相容剂在材料中的质量分数对力学性能的影响,分析了不同种类的相容剂对力学性能的影响,从改性硅灰石微观结构角度总结了材料力学性能提高的原因,并对未来优化方向进行了预测。     

混杂增强型聚丙烯的改性研究

以不同用量的玻璃纤维(GF)、碳纤维(CF)、硅灰石、滑石粉为填料,通过熔融共混制备了混杂纤维增强聚丙烯(PP)基复合材料,并研究了填料质量比(GF/CF、硅灰石/滑石粉、纤维/无机填料)对增强PP复合材料微观形貌及力学性能的影响。结果表明:PP中加入GF及CF后,其拉伸强度和冲击强度显著提高,断裂伸长率则降至10%左右;PP中加入硅灰石和滑石粉后,其拉伸强度基本不变,冲击强度大幅提升,而断裂伸长率仅略有提高;当纤维(GF/CF)与无机填料(硅灰石/滑石粉)的质量比为35/5时,可得到具有最优综合力学性能的改性PP复合材料。     

聚丙烯/硅灰石复合材料反应增容研究

采用马来酸酐(MAH)在聚丙烯(PP)与硅灰石之间进行反应增容,改善了PP/硅灰石复合材料的热性能和力学性能.通过扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料冲击断面的形貌,并测试了复合材料的负荷变形温度、拉伸性能、弯曲性能和冲击性能.结果表明,在MAH质量分数不超过5%时,PP和硅灰石之间的界面结合情况明显改善,复合材料的负荷变形温度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量显著提高,最大值分别达到75℃、36.1 MPa、50.3MPa、2.6 GPa.     

The Preparation of Polypropylene/Wollastonite Composites with Tri-screw Dynamic Compounding Extruder

Wollastonite-reinforced polypropylene composites were prepared by using tri-screw dynamic compounding extruder and the effect of screw elements combination on the mechanical performance of polypropylene/wollastonite composites was investigated. The results showed that turbine mixing elements are beneficial to distribution mixing and the effect of interleaved arrangement is better than that of continuous arrangement. Compared with the other two screw configurations, interleaved arrangement of turbine mixing elements can effectively modify the distribution and orientation of wollastonite in matrix and compatibility between wollastonite and polypropylene matrix. Accordingly, there is an improvement in the mechanical properties of composites.     

硅灰石与连续玻璃纤维毡组合增强聚丙烯的力学性能

采用硅灰石与连续玻璃纤维毡组合增强聚丙烯,研究了硅灰石的含量,玻璃纤维毡的面密度、基体树脂的性质及界面改性等对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：采用硅灰石与连续玻璃纤维毡组合增强,可提高复合材料的拉伸、弯曲强度及模量,但过高的硅灰石含量,会导致拉伸及弯曲强度下降,材料的力学性能随着所用玻璃纤维毡面密度的增大而显著提高,采用偶联剂对硅灰石进行处理及在基体聚丙烯中添加功能化聚丙烯,可改善界面结合、提高材料性能,随着功能化聚丙烯含量的增加,材料的拉伸、弯曲强度及模量有所提高,但含量过高时,会引起材料冲击强度的下降;组合增强材料的性能与基体树脂本身的力学性能密切相关,同时还受基体树脂熔体流动性的影响。     

Phase structure and morphology of wollastonite‐reinforced polypropylene composites modified with SEBS and SEBS‐g‐MA elastomers

Supermolecular structure of isotactic polypropylene/wollastonite/styrenic rubber block copolymers composites were studied as a function of elastomeric poly‐ (styrene‐b‐ethylene‐co‐butylene‐b‐styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) and the SEBS grafted with maleic anhydride (SEBS‐g‐MA) content (from 0 to 20 vol%) by optical, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Wollastonite particles disturbed the spherulitization of polypropylene matrix. Both elastomers affected the crystallization of polypropylene matrix mainly by solidification effect. Although SEBS‐g‐MA encapsulated wollastonite particles more expressive than SEBS forming thus core‐shell morphology in higher extent, scanning electron micrographs indicated more constrained wollastonite particles in fractured surfaces of composites with SEBS elastomer. Moreover, SEBS‐g‐MA disorientated wollastonite particles and affected reorientation of the polypropylene crystallites stronger than SEBS elastomer. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:2145–2154, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Wollastonite-reinforced polypropylene composites modified with novel metallocene EPR copolymers. I. Phase structure and morphology

Supermolecular structure of isotactic polypropylene/wollastonite/metallocene propylene–ethylene copolymers (iPP/W/EPR) composites was studied as a function of elastomer content (from 0 to 20 vol%) by optical, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. Both, wollastonite and dispersed EPR particles, homogeneously incorporated into the iPP matrix, and affected the final phase structure and morphology of the iPP/wollastonite/EPR composites. Wollastonite particles were orientated plane-parallel to the sample surface and hindered spherulite growth of the iPP matrix. EPRs enhanced plane-parallel orientation of wollastonite and simultaneously enhanced the spherulite and crystallite growth in the iPP matrix during the solidification of polymer melt. Ternary iPP/wollastonite/EPR composites exhibited significant prevalence of separated microphase morphology (over core-shell morphology) because of constitution similarity of P-E and iPP chains. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

Mechanical properties of wollastonite‐reinforced polypropylene composites modified with SEBS and SEBS‐g‐MA elastomers

Mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene/wollastonite/styrene rubber block copolymers (iPP/wollastonite/SRBC) composites were studied as a function of elastomeric poly(styrene‐b‐ethylene‐co‐butylene‐b‐styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) and SEBS grafted with maleic anhydride (SEBS‐g‐MA) content from 0 to 20 vol%. Microphase morphology was stronger influenced by SRBC elastomers than by different wollastonite types. Higher encapsulation ability of SEBS‐g‐MA than SEBS caused more expressive core‐shell morphology and consequently higher notched impact strength as well as yield parameters, but lower Young's modulus. Higher ductility of the composites with SEBS than with SEBS‐g‐MA has been primarily caused by better miscibility of the polypropylene chains with SEBS molecules. Surface properties of components and adhesion parameters also indicated that adhesion at SEBS‐g‐MA/wollastonite interface, which was stronger than the one at the SEBS/wollastonite interface, influenced higher encapsulation of wollastonite particles by SEBS‐g‐MA. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1873–1880, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Predictions of young's modulus of inorganic fibrous particulate‐reinforced polymer composites

In this study, the factors affecting the Young's modulus of inorganic fibrous particulate‐reinforced polymer composites were analyzed, and a new expression of the Young's modulus was derived and was based on a simplified mechanical model. This equation was used to estimate the composite Young's modulus. The estimated relative Young's modulus increased nonlinearly with increasing filler volume fraction. Finally, we verified the equation preliminarily by quoting the measured Young's modulus values of poly(butylene terephthalate)/wollastonite, polypropylene/wollastonite, and nylon 6/wollastonite composites reported in the literature. Good agreement was shown between the predictions and the experimental data of the relative Young's modulus values for these three composite systems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2957–2961, 2013     

Effects of EPDM and wollastonite on structure of isotactic polypropylene blends and composites

Polypropylene blends and composites with 5, 10, and 15 vol % of EPDM and 2, 4, and 6 vol % of untreated and treated wollastonite filler were examined by applying different techniques. Elastomeric ethylene/propylene/diene terpolymer (EPDM) component and wollastonite influenced the crystallization process of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) matrix in different ways. The nucleation of hexagonal β‐iPP, the increase of overall degree of crystallinity, and crystallite size of iPP were more strongly affected by wollastonite than the addition of EPDM was. Both ingredients also differently influenced the orientation of α‐form crystals in iPP matrix. Wollastonite increased the number of a*‐axis‐oriented α‐iPP lamellae plan parallel to the sample surface, whereas the addition of EPDM reoriented the lamellae. The orientation parameters of ternary composites exhibited intermediate values between those for binary systems because of the effects of both components. EPDM elastomer considerably affected well‐developed spherulitization of iPP, increasing the spherulite size. Contrary to EPDM, because of nucleating ability or crystal habit, wollastonite caused significantly smaller iPP spherulites. Small spherulites in ternary iPP/EPDM/wollastonite composites indicated that the wollastonite filler (even in smallest amounts) exclusively determined the morphology of ternary composites. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 4072–4081, 2004     

硅灰石在聚丙烯改性中的研究

研究了硅灰石填充聚丙烯树脂的性能,与滑石粉、云母填充对比,在弯曲模量方面,硅灰石比滑石粉提高10%;不同的偶联剂和加入量对硅灰石填充影响较大;在硅灰石/玻纤填充的聚丙烯体系中,加入硅灰石,降低材料强度;在玻纤增强聚丙烯体系中再加入硅灰石,对材料的物性基本没有影响;硅灰石耐刮擦性方面好于滑石粉。