木塑复合材料抗菌抗病毒应用研究

为增加木塑复合材料抗菌抗病毒功能,制备了载银抗菌抗病毒剂,研究了其对木塑复合材料物理性能的影响,并测试了其应用于木塑复合材料后的抗菌、抗病毒有效率。结果表明,载银抗菌抗病毒剂的添加不影响木塑复合材料的弯曲强度、冲击性能,载银抗菌抗病毒剂在木塑复合材料中添加量为0.5%时,木塑复合材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌、流感病毒H3N2杀灭率可达到99.99%,防霉等级0级。     

纳米载银沸石抗菌剂/聚丙烯复合材料研究

纳米载银沸石抗菌剂表面有机化修饰后,通过熔融共混法将其添加到聚丙烯(PP)中,制得纳米载银沸石抗菌剂/PP复合材料。红外吸收光谱(FTIR)和X线衍射图谱(XRD)表明,纳米载银沸石成功地接枝到PP中,但其晶体结构没有改变;热重(TGA)显示复合材料的热失重速率明显降低,热性能有一定提高;原子力显微镜(AFM)可以看出PP中有纳米载银沸石抗菌剂的存在;抗菌实验结果证明复合材料具有良好的抗菌性能。因此纳米载银沸石抗菌剂/PP可作为一种新型抗菌医用塑料,在防止院内感染和疾病的传播中起到积极作用。     

纳米载银无机抗菌剂的研究进展

纳米抗菌材料的核心是抗菌剂,纳米载银无机抗菌剂是目前研究最为广泛的抗菌剂之一。对纳米载银无机抗菌剂的抗菌机理和种类作了较为详细的叙述,概述了纳米载银无机抗菌剂的制备方法,最后对纳米载银无机抗菌剂的前景发展进行了预测。     

纳米载银沸石抗菌剂的制备及其在抗菌塑料的应用

合成了一种纳米载银沸石抗菌剂,并经过表面有机化修饰后,通过熔融共混法将其添加到聚丙烯(PP)中,制得纳米载银沸石抗菌剂/PP复合材料。透射电子显微镜(TEM)形貌表征表明所合成的沸石具有30~50 nm的均匀尺寸,载银前后的纳米沸石吸附实验表明沸石孔道内已成功地负载了一部分银。红外吸收光谱(IR)显示纳米沸石表面已成功地偶联上有机基团;热重(TGA)显示复合材料的热失重速率明显降低,热性能有一定提高;抗菌实验结果证明纳米载银粉体和复合材料均具有良好的抗菌性能。     

添加有机蒙脱土/纳米二氧化钛载银抗菌剂的义齿基托材料的性能研究

为探讨添加不同比例的纳米二氧化钛载银抗菌剂及有机蒙脱土对义齿基托材料机械性能及抗菌性能的影响,将有机改性后的纳米二氧化钛载银抗菌剂与有机蒙脱土(OMMT)按一定比例添加到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)义齿基托材料中并测试其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、硬度、抗菌性能。结果表明:在含2.5%(质量分数)纳米二氧化钛载银抗菌剂的基托材料中添加1.5%有机蒙脱土后材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度达到最佳;添加1%有机蒙脱土后硬度达到最佳;添加1.5%有机蒙脱土后复合材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌仍有强抗菌能力(99%),对白色念珠菌仍有抗菌能力(90%)。按一定比例在义齿基托材料中添加有机蒙脱土与纳米二氧化钛载银抗菌剂可改善材料的机械性能、硬度及抗菌性能。     

抗菌剂与抗菌木塑复合材料的研究进展

从无机、有机、高分子和复合抗菌剂4个方面概述了抗菌剂的种类、抗菌机理和研究现状。综述了各种抗菌剂在木塑复合材料中的应用现状,并对抗菌剂在木塑复合材料的应用发展进行了展望,指出研究和应用高效新型复合抗菌剂可以明显改善木塑复合材料的防腐抗菌性能,是提高木塑复合材料综合性能的重要途径之一。     

抗菌消光皮革涂饰剂的制备

以纳米SiO_2作为载体,通过吸附Ag~+制备了载银纳米抗菌剂。与KH-570一起加入聚氨酯皮革涂饰剂中,制成了抗菌消光皮革涂饰剂。通过原子发射光谱仪(ICPS)表征了抗菌剂的成分结构,测定了抗菌剂与抗菌消光皮革涂饰剂的抗菌率。结果表明,纳米载银抗菌剂具有良好的抗菌效果,该抗菌剂配合KH-570一起制得的抗菌消光皮革涂饰剂抗菌效果超过90%,并具有良好的耐洗涤性能。     

静电纺丝制备载银海藻酸钠/聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维膜敷料及其性能研究

本文以海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇为原料,以磷酸锆钠银为抗菌剂,通过静电纺丝工艺制备载银海藻酸钠/聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维膜敷料,同时,对制备的载银海藻酸钠/聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维膜敷料的吸液完整性、力学性能、抗菌性、细胞毒性进行研究。结果显示,载银海藻酸钠/聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维膜敷料具有很好的力学性能以及抗菌效果,且细胞毒性较低,对大肠杆菌的抑菌率为99.98%,证明适合用作医用敷料。     

载银锌纳米二氧化硅抗菌剂的制备及应用

利用纳米二氧化硅的结构特性,将其作为抗菌剂载体,制成了一种载银锌双组分纳米二氧化硅抗菌剂,研究了提高抗菌剂分散性的方法。结果表明,使用振动磨加分散剂的方法进行分散,可以提高载银锌纳米二氧化硅抗菌剂在涤纶基体中的分散性;该抗菌剂对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率达96％以上,且抗菌涤纶具有良好的力学性能。     

抗菌日用陶瓷的制备工艺与性能研究

本实验利用景德镇华良高新技术发展有限公司生产的纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂,研制出抗菌日用陶瓷,研究结果表明,纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂在釉中加入量达到2.0wt%,抗菌陶瓷餐具的抗菌率可以达到99.9%以上。     

木塑复合材料的成型加工及影响因素

以废旧塑料和木粉为原料,采用4份的硅烷偶联剂对木粉进行预处理,通过单螺杆挤出机造粒,模压成型方法制备木塑复合材料(WPC).研究了模压成型工艺参数对WPC抗弯强度的影响,分析了WPC的表面形貌.结果表明,塑料与木粉质量比为1:1时,成型工艺因素对WPC抗弯强度影响程度的排序为:成型温度>成型时间>成型压力;在170℃、5 MPa条件下热压60 min,所得WPC的抗弯强度为31.16 MPa.     

棉秆塑木复合材料的制备及性能研究

以棉秆粉和回收聚乙烯为原料、钛酸酯为偶联剂,采用热压法制备了棉秆塑木复合材料,利用正交试验法探讨了棉秆粉含量、热压温度和保温时间对塑木复合材料性能的影响,并通过物理力学性能测试单独考察了棉秆粉含量对塑木复合材料性能的影响。正交试验法的结果表明:棉秆粉含量对复合材料的弯曲强度、弹性模量和吸水率影响最大,热压温度和保温时间对复合材料的弯曲强度和弹性模量影响较大,对吸水率影响不大;当棉秆粉含量为40%、热压温度为160℃、保温时间为10 min时,塑木复合材料具有最优的综合性能。物理力学性能测试结果表明:复合材料的弯曲强度和弹性模量随棉秆粉含量的增加均呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在棉秆粉含量为40%时均达到最大值;吸水率随棉秆粉含量的增加而增大。     

几种木塑复合材料的性能对比

研究了木粉及界面增容剂含量对木塑复合材料(WPC)力学性能的影响,分析了增容剂对WPC熔融性能的变化。使用木粉填充可提高不同树脂基WPC的模量,但却降低了HDPE基WPC的拉伸强度及HDPE基、PP基WPC的弯曲强度。     

新型高效抗菌粉末涂料的研究

针对抗菌涂料在不同使用环境和高效抗菌性能的要求,从抗菌粉末涂料机理出发,研究了不同抗菌剂在不同工艺下制备的抗菌粉末涂层抗菌效果,并研究了不同抗菌剂在耐水洗涤、耐水煮、耐高温、耐紫外光照试验下对粉末涂层抗菌效果、光泽、色差的影响;同时研究了抗菌剂及其用量对涂层性能的影响。结果表明：添加带玻璃网状结构的银离子与锌离子复配的抗菌剂抗菌效果最佳;内挤搭配外混加入方式的粉末涂层的抗菌性能优异;得到的涂层在高温处理、水洗处理等条件下也具有良好的抗菌性能。选择含有玻璃网状结构的银离子的抗菌剂,涂层中的玻璃网状结构载体能缓慢地释放银离子,保证涂层的长效抗菌性能。     

Effect of drying method and wall material composition on the characteristics of camellia seed oil microcapsule powder

Camellia seed oil (CSO) is one of the richest sources of oleic acid (75–80%) and it is considered to provide beneficial health effects to humans. However, its susceptibility to oxidative degradation prevents its widespread use in the food industry. This study was aimed to improve the stability of camellia seed oil by microencapsulation. CSO was microencapsulated using whey protein concentrate (WPC) and maltodextrin (MD) or starch sodium octenylsuccinate (SSOS) as wall materials. The produced oil-in-water emulsion was subsequently dehydrated to produce microcapsule powder using spray and freeze drying techniques, respectively. Various characteristics of oil-in-water emulsion and final microcapsule powder including particle size distribution, encapsulation efficiency, morphology, rheological properties of reconstituted emulsions, in vitro digestion behavior and oxidative stability were determined to investigate the effect of wall material composition and drying method on these microcapsule powder characteristics. The spray-dried powder had significantly higher bulk density and smoother surface compared to freeze-dried powder while the freeze-dried CSO microcapsule powder with WPC/SSOS as wall material had the highest encapsulation efficiency and the lowest surface oil. The subsequent in vitro digestion test suggested the microencapsulated CSO could be successfully controlled-released in the simulated gastric (10.28–13.03%) and the subsequent intestinal fluid (72.89–89.61%). Oxidative stability of camellia seed oil was significantly improved by microencapsulation. The freeze dried CSO microcapsule powder in WPC/SSOS wall material exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (95.17%) and best oxidative stability (peroxide value and p-anisidine values of 3.57 meq/kg oil and 3.01, respectively, during the 45 days storage at 25°C.     

再生塑料与木质纤维复合材料的研制

采用木粉和再生塑料为主要原料,进行塑料与木质纤维复合材料的配方研究,通过实验确定了木粉最佳干燥条件。考察了不同相容剂用量、木粉用量对复合材料性能的影响,得到了再生塑料与天然纤维复合材料的最佳配方。     

Adsorption of Silver Nanoparticles onto Different Surface Structures of Chitin/Chitosan and Correlations with Antimicrobial Activities

Size-controlled spherical silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) can be simply prepared by autoclaving mixtures of glass powder containing silver with glucose. Moreover, chitins with varying degrees of deacetylation (DDAc < 30%) and chitosan powders and sheets (DDAc > 75%) with varying surface structure properties have been evaluated as Ag NP carriers. Chitin/chitosan-Ag NP composites in powder or sheet form were prepared by mixing Ag NP suspensions with each of the chitin/chitosan-based material at pH 7.3, leading to homogenous dispersion and stable adsorption of Ag NPs onto chitin carriers with nanoscale fiber-like surface structures, and chitosan carriers with nanoscale porous surface structures. Although these chitins exhibited mild antiviral, bactericidal, and antifungal activities, chitin powders with flat/smooth film-like surface structures had limited antimicrobial activities and Ag NP adsorption. The antimicrobial activities of chitin/chitosan-Ag NP composites increased with increasing amounts of adsorbed Ag NPs, suggesting that the surface structures of chitin/chitosan carriers strongly influence adsorption of Ag NPs and antimicrobial activities. These observations indicate that chitin/chitosan-Ag NPs with nanoscale surface structures have potential as antimicrobial biomaterials and anti-infectious wound dressings.     

Novel Gemini Cationic Surfactants: Thermodynamic,Antimicrobial Susceptibility,and Corrosion Inhibition Behavior against Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

The Egyptian oil and gas industry is suffering from severe metal corrosion problems, particularly microbial-induced corrosion. There is limited knowledge on the corrosion inhibition of carbon steels in the presence of an acidophilic, iron-oxidizing bacterial species Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Therefore, in this study, novel Gemini cationic surfactants, in three forms depending on variation in alkyl chains of 8, 12, and 16 carbon atoms named FHPAO, FHPAD, and FHPAH, respectively, were synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The surface parameters and the thermodynamic of the synthesized surfactants were evaluated at three different temperatures, 20, 40, and 60 °C. The synthesized Gemini cationic surfactants were tested as broad-spectrum antimicrobial, antibacterial and anticandida agents. They evaluated as biocides and corrosion inhibitors against Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. FHPAD showed higher adsorption ability at the solution interface and higher affinity to construct micelles than FHPAO and FHPAH. Both adsorption and micellization processes were hydrophobic and temperature dependent. FHPAO, FHPAD and FHPAH exhibited wide-spectrum antimicrobial activities, and the highest activity and the lowest minimum bactericidal/fungicidal inhibitory concentrations were attributed to FHPAD. Furthermore, synthesized FHPAD demonstrated the highest metal corrosion inhibition efficiency of 95.5% at 5 mM in comparison to 87.5% and 81.7% for FHPAO and FHPAH, respectively. In conclusion, this study provides novel synthesized cationic surfactants with many applications in the oil and gas industry, such as broad-spectrum antimicrobial, biocides, and corrosion inhibitors for acidophilic, iron-oxidizing bacterial species Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans.     

增容剂对再生聚丙烯/木粉复合材料性能的影响

以再生聚丙烯(PP)、锯末木粉为原料,采用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒制备了塑木复合材料。研究了增容剂马来酸酐接枝PP(PP-g-MAH)用量对再生PP/木粉复合材料吸水性、拉伸性能、弯曲性能、冲击性能、硬度和热变形温度等性能的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜分析了材料的断面形态。结果表明,PP-g-MAH可以增加木粉与PP的界面结合力,提高复合材料的性能,其最佳用量为6～9份。     

Unique coating formulation for corrosion and microbial prevention of mild steel

TGBAPB matrix material along with functionalized (F-ZnO) and non-functionalized (N-ZnO) nano ZnO as reinforcements was used to develop two unique skeletally modified tetra functional epoxy nano-hybrid coatings. The formation of N-ZnO was confirmed by TEM analysis. Amine functionalization of ZnO nanoparticle on its surface was achieved by grafting 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as coupling agent. The FT-IR spectra revealed that the silane coupling agent was covalently bonded to the surface of ZnO nanoparticles, offering better dispersibility and compatibility with TGBAPB epoxy matrix. The effect of surface functionalization of nano ZnO towards corrosion resistance investigated by electrochemical impedance (EIS) indicates that the coating film had good corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the antimicrobial test indicated that F-ZnO-TGBAPB coating had strong antimicrobial activity against high concentration of Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria. Thus the TGBAPB-F-ZnO coating formulation appears to be unique by preventing both corrosion and bacterial growth.