纺粘法非织造布生产技术改造及产品开发

简介了聚丙烯纺粘法非织造布的生产工艺，讨论了诸如纺丝温度、侧吹风、牵伸风、泵供量、摆丝幅度、摆丝频率以及压延机热压合温度和压力等对纺粘法非织造布质量的影响，并介绍了该厂设备幅宽改造，边角料回收系统改造、节电改造以及产品开发的情况。     

高强涤纶纺黏针刺土工布生产工艺

利用大连华阳HYFN-ⅢG型涤纶纺黏生产线,通过控制切片选择、切片干燥、纺丝温度、侧吹风冷却、气流牵伸、摆丝成网、针刺固结等工艺,生产出了高强涤纶纺黏针刺土工布。介绍了生产的工艺特点。此涤纶土工布的强力指标和CBR顶破强力分别超出现有国家标准30%和20%,其产品物性指标已接近或超过国内外丙纶土工布产品指标。     

让聚酯纺粘长丝土工布物尽其用

据中国纺织报11月6日报道，在日前于江苏省扬州市召开的全国聚酯纺粘长丝土工布应用推广会上，来自科技部、水利部、交通部和国家防总等有关部门的近百名领导及专家呼吁，要让聚酯纺粘长丝土工布更多更快地运用到交通、水利及有关工程中去。聚酯纺粘长丝上工布是新一代的岩土工程和土木工程用合成纤维土工布。它融化纤生产与非织造技术于一体，直接由聚酯切片经纺丝成网、针刺加固等工艺制成，强力远远大于短纤维非织造土工布，既有短纤土工市优越的水力特性，又有机织土工布织物优良的力学性能。与会专家就聚酯纺粘长丝土工布产品应用介绍…     

利用回收的己内酰胺生产拉伸丝

探讨利用回收的己内酰胺进行聚合纺丝生产拉伸丝的工艺 ,最佳工艺条件 :纺丝组件的海砂用量增加 1倍 ,纺丝温度 2 82℃ ,纺丝速度 3 80m/min ,侧吹风速度 0 .5～ 0 .8m/s ,拉伸倍数 5 .19,生产出合格的拉伸丝。     

纺粘法制备PA 6粘合纤维的工艺研究

利用纺粘非织造设备制备锦纶6(PA 6)粘合纤维,研究了泵供量、拉伸气流强度和纺丝温度对PA6粘合纤维结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:纤维结晶度随着拉伸气流强度的增加而增加;纤维直径随着泵供量减小和拉伸气流强度增加而减小;纤维的断裂强度随着拉伸气流强度的增加而增加,纤维的断裂伸长率随之逐渐减小;泵供量和纺丝温度对纤维的结构和力学性能影响较小;当纺丝温度为240℃,泵供量为96m L/min,拉伸风电机频率为40 Hz时,所制得的PA 6纤维直径为26.7μm,断裂强度为2.36 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率为1 760.2%。     

高速纺细旦聚乳酸拉伸丝的研制

选用国产聚乳酸切片为原料,利用自行设计的中试设备,通过预取向-拉伸两步法制得聚乳酸细旦拉伸丝,研究了切片干燥条件、纺丝温度、纺丝速度、拉伸温度、拉伸倍数对聚乳酸细旦拉伸丝的影响。研究表明:采用转鼓干燥及短甬道熔纺工艺,纺丝速度3200 m/min,经3.0倍拉伸后,制得单丝纤度小于1.1 dtex的聚乳酸细旦拉伸丝,纤维性能良好。     

83dtex/72f波浪中空涤纶工艺探讨

介绍了83 dtex/72 f波浪中空涤纶全拉伸丝(FDY)的生产工艺,通过对喷丝板设计、纺丝工艺、冷却条件、热辊拉伸等条件进行试验和对比,探索得到最佳工艺条件。试验表明:在纺丝温度291～295℃,冷却风温度22℃、冷却风速度1.2 m/s,第一热辊温度80℃、速度2 800 m/min,第二热辊温度115℃、速度3 850 m/min,卷绕速度3 800 m/min的工艺条件下,生产的波浪中空涤纶的强度为4.05 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为40.33%,中空度为12%。     

通用型沥青基炭纤维纺丝工艺的优化研究

以软化点为294℃、喹啉不溶物为28.35%的各向同性沥青为原料,以通用型沥青基炭纤维的丝径与抗拉强度为评价指标,选择原丝制备过程中的纺丝温度、纺丝压力和拉伸速率工艺参数,运用三元二次回归正交设计对纺丝工艺进行优化组合,探究了最佳的纺丝工艺条件。研究结果表明,纺丝温度及纺丝压力对炭纤维丝径与抗拉强度的显著性影响大于拉伸速率的显著性影响。在纺丝温度为383℃、纺丝压力为0.26 MPa、拉伸速率为319 m/min的条件下进行熔融纺丝,将纺制的原丝经过预氧化和炭化处理后,获得的炭纤维丝径为15.6μm,其抗拉强度达到631 MPa。     

复合纤维及异形纤维

995231专业化使Hins公司成为双组分纤维设备、工艺技术方面的领先者Hagewood J.;International Fiber Journal,1998,13,(6),p .54一55(英)自80年代初期以来,以弗洛里达州为基地的Hills公司开发了双组分纤维设备并形成了工业化生产。设备生产厂在所有熔融纺的应用上提供了先进的双组分技术,包括在短纤维、长丝、纺粘法和熔喷法的应用。近来,可用的设备包括生产未牵伸丝、部分牵伸丝、全牵伸丝和/或牵伸变形丝的纺丝设备;熔体喷射模头;生产门幅为0.5米双组分纺粘法无纺布织物的完整生产线和单丝纺丝和拉伸生产线。在不远的将来,Hills公司…     

涤纶高收缩全拉伸丝的应用及探讨

介绍了运用热辊纺丝拉伸一步法纺制高收缩全拉伸丝的工艺,同时论述了各项关键技术参数对纤维收缩率的影响。生产中纺丝温度在280￣288℃、纺丝速度在3900￣4500m/min、侧吹风速度在0.3￣0.5m/s、卷绕超喂率控制在0.7%￣1.4%,并根据需要控制拉伸温度和定型温度,可生产出优质的高收缩纤维。     

排气脱水双螺杆在PET纺黏针刺土工布生产线上的应用

介绍了排气双螺杆挤压机的免干燥的原理和排气双螺杆挤压机在聚酯纺黏针刺土工布生产线上的应用。从生产工艺流程、螺杆挤压机各区温度和产品物理指标等方面对传统与免干燥PET纺黏针刺土工布生产进行了对比。指出2种方法生产的产品物理性能基本相同,但免干燥工艺节约建厂成本,节能效果显著。     

高渗透性聚酯长丝土工布YH-301油剂的研制

本文通过对高渗透性聚酯长丝土工布油剂的特性分析，介绍了以阳离子季铵盐为抗静电剂，与其它醚型非离子表面活性剂复配出YH—301油剂，以及该油剂的稳定性好、泡沫少，效果良好。     

涤纶纺黏针刺非织造布的进展

从国内外非织造布的发展历程和现状进行阐述,着重对国内涤纶纺黏针刺非织造布的发展进行探讨,并对涤纶纺黏针刺无纺布开发前景进行展望。     

In situ tensile damage characterization of C/C composites through X-ray computed tomography and digital volume correlation

Carbon fiber reinforced carbon matrix (C/C) composites have been used in aerospace applications due to their excellent performance. Exploring their failure mechanisms is a subject of extensive research. Nowadays, to obtain information about changes in the failure processes, a technology known as in situ X-ray computed tomography is used. In this paper, tensile loads were applied to 3D fine-woven punctured and needle-punched C/C composites perpendicular to the punctured and needle-punched directions. In situ X-ray computed tomography was employed to observe damage development, and digital volume correlation was used to assess the laboratory X-ray computed tomographs to measure local strains. Assimilation of pores is observed in C/C composites, with cracks evolving from original micro-pores. While fine-woven punctured C/C composites present an elegant linear failure, needle-punched C/C composites present a traditional non-linear failure. This difference is due to the different structures of the preforms. Furthermore, the C/C composites are weak at the sites where they are punctured or needle-punched.     

State and prospects of development of domestic equipment for manufacture of needle-punched,nonwoven materials from polymer melts

Conclusions Domestic equipment has been devised for the production of needle-punched nonwoven geotextile materials from second-grade polycaproamide or fibre-forming polypropylene.The geotextile materials produced are promising for use in construction of roads, foundations of buildings, in hydrotechnology, and in land reclamation.Promising trends in the development of equipment for preparing spun nonwoven materials have been noted (light-duty needle-punched or heat-bonded materials, bulky spun articles, etc.).Coworkers of the Kemerovskii and Kamenskii Khimvolokno IAs the Khimtekstil'mash SIA, the VNIISV, the GIPROtyumenneftegaz, the SoyuzdorNII, and the Plastpolimer SIA took part in this work.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 8–10, July–August, 1989.     

流体技术在非织造布工业中的应用

简要叙述了流体技术在非织造布工业中的应用,介绍了熔喷气流拉伸模型和纺粘法气流拉伸模型等非织造布技术的研究进展,并对今后的研究方向提出了建议。     

10 g/m2超薄型涤纶纺粘非织造布生产工艺

从干切片含水率、纺丝温度、熔体过滤、牵伸工艺、生产速度、侧吹风冷却、成网排风吸附调整、热轧机温度、压力等工艺参数,探讨了在国产管式气流牵伸涤纶纺粘非织造布生产线上生产10 gm2超薄型涤纶纺粘非织造布过程中遇到的一系列问题,并针对性地提出相应的工艺调整措施,最终生产出合格的产品.     

Preparation of needle-punched fibrous materials having a required air permeability from polymer melts

Conclusions By the multiple regression analysis method, an estimate has been made of the effect of the basic parameters of needle-punched FMAS on their air permeability.The dependence of air permeability on these parameters has been established and proportionality coefficients have been calculated.A comparison of the air permeability of heat-bonded and needle-punched FMAS has been carried out.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 34–36, January–February, 1990.     

Contemporary state of nonwoven materials manufacturing and prospects for its development

Conclusions An analysis of nonwoven materials (NM) manufacture has shown that, in technical-economic characteristics, the method of preparing them by aerodynamic spinning from polymer melts (the spunbond method) is very promising.Thermoplastic polymers serve as the raw material for NM; of these it is very advisable to use polypropylene; therefore the demand for it for making NM is increasing annually.Regions of application of NM are the following: articles for medical purposes, general purpose goods, and articles for technical purposes. Among the technical purpose articles, geotextile materials make up the greatest volume, needle-punched materials being the most universal of these. Output of NM for general purpose goods and medical purposes will receive the principal development in the next few decades, thanks to the high productivity of the equipment used, the low material-intensity of the NM, and their high consumer properties.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 5–10, September–October, 1989.     

纺黏非织造布性能的测试及分析

对纺黏非织造布材料等的形态结构、织物厚度、面密度、悬垂性、断裂强力、顶破强度、耐磨性、透湿性能、透气性能等进行了测试。实验发现非织造布材料的这些性能、均与克数和厚度有一定关系,适合开发各类功能性产品,在纺织工业上有广泛的应用。