SrSc0.5Nb0.5O3改性BNT基无铅陶瓷的储能特性研究

采用SrSc_0.5Nb_0.5O₃与(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)(Ti_0.95Al_0.025Nb_0.025)O₃固溶构建了无铅陶瓷体系材料(1-x)(Bi_0.5Na_0.5Ti_0.95Al_0.025-Nb_0.025O₃)-x(SrSc_0.5Nb_0.5O₃)(简记为(1-x)BNTA-x SSN,x=5%、10%、15%、20%,摩尔分数)。通过传统固相反应法制备陶瓷,研究了SrSc_0.5Nb_0.5O₃的引入对其结构、相变、储能和介电性能的影响。研究结果表明,(1-x)BNTA-x SSN样品为钙钛矿结构。其最大介电常数对应温度T_m...     

Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4铁氧体/氰酸酯-环氧树脂复合材料的制备和性能

采用水热法合成Ni_0.5Co_0.5Fe₂O₄铁氧体,并应用于氰酸酯-环氧树脂（CE-EP）复合材料的增韧改性,研究Ni_0.5Co_0.5Fe₂O₄铁氧体对CE-EP固化反应、力学性能及热稳定性的影响。XRD和SEM结果表明,所合成的Ni_0.5Co_0.5Fe₂O₄铁氧体结晶性好、纯净、呈块状,粒径约为20 nm。性能研究表明,Ni_0.5Co_0.5Fe₂O₄铁氧体的加入对CE和EP间的固化反应速度影响不大,且不会改变树脂基体的固化反应机制。与纯CE-EP树脂体系相比,Ni_0.5Co_0.5Fe₂O₄铁氧体/CE-EP复合材料在保持CE-EP玻璃化转变温度（T_g）的基础上明显改善了其韧性,当Ni_0.5Co_0.5Fe₂O₄铁氧体质量分数为3wt%时,其冲击强度和弯曲强度达到最大值,较纯CE-EP树脂基体分别提高了65%和30.3%;但其热分解温度略有降低,可能是由于Ni_0.5Co_0.5Fe₂O₄铁氧体对CE-EP树脂基体高温分解的催化作用造成的。      

(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3:Sm3+无铅压电陶瓷的红光发射特性

采用传统的固相反应烧结方法制备了稀土Sm³⁺掺杂的(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃无铅压电陶瓷。系统分析了掺杂浓度、烧结温度和离子补偿对发光特性的影响。稀土Sm³⁺离子的加入实现了(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃陶瓷的红绿光发射, 其激发光波段位于400~500 nm范围内, 与已经成熟的蓝光LED芯片的发射光谱充分匹配。当烧结温度为1100℃, Sm³⁺离子的掺杂浓度为0.015 mol时, 陶瓷样品呈现最强的发光强度。同时, 通过Li⁺、Na⁺、K⁺离子进行电荷补偿, 有效提高了陶瓷样品的发光性能, 发光强度随离子半径增大而增强。可见, Sm³⁺掺杂的(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃材料在光电集成器件中具有很好的应用前景。     

NaCu3Ti3Sb0.5Ta0.5O12陶瓷的高介电性质及相关机制的研究

在不同烧结温度下, 利用传统的固相反应工艺制备了一系列NaCu₃Ti₃Sb_0.5Ta_0.5O₁₂陶瓷, 系统测试了它们的晶体结构、微观结构、介电性质和复阻抗谱。结果显示, 所有的NaCu₃Ti₃Sb_0.5Ta_0.5O₁₂陶瓷的主相都呈现类钙钛矿结构, 介电性质随烧结温度变化很大。高于1020℃烧结的陶瓷的室温相对介电常数大于3000, 具有高介电性质。复阻抗谱显示, NaCu₃Ti₃Sb_0.5Ta_0.5O₁₂陶瓷的电学分布不均匀, 由绝缘性的晶界和半导性的晶界组成。通过XRD和XPS测试发现, 在陶瓷中观察到了CuO第二相和Cu、Ti、Sb、Ta离子的变价。因此, 利用内阻挡层电容效应可以解释NaCu₃Ti₃Sb_0.5Ta_0.5O₁₂陶瓷的高介电性质。     

Er2O3掺杂Gd2(Zr0.8Ti0.2)2O7陶瓷的物理性能

用固相反应法制备(Gd_1-xEr_x)₂(Zr_0.8Ti_0.2)₂O₇(摩尔分数x=0,0.2,0.4)陶瓷并测试其晶体结构、显微形貌和物理性能,研究了Er₂O₃掺杂的影响。结果表明,(Gd_1-xEr_x)₂(Zr_0.8Ti_0.2)₂O₇陶瓷具有立方烧绿石结构,显微结构致密,在室温至1200℃高温相的稳定性良好;Er³⁺掺杂降低了陶瓷材料的热导率和平均热膨胀系数,当x=0.2时,其1000℃的热导率最低(为1.26 W·m^-1·k^-1)。同时,Er³⁺掺杂还提高了这种材料的硬度和断裂韧性。     

Sb掺杂O3型Na0.9Ni0.5Mn0.3Ti0.2O2钠离子电池正极材料

提高钠离子电池正极材料的循环稳定性和比容量是实现其广泛应用的关键,基于引入特定杂元素可优化正极材料结构稳定性和比容量的策略,本研究采用便捷的固相反应法制备O3-Na_0.9Ni_0.5Mn_0.3Ti_0.2O₂(NMTSb_x, x=0,0.02, 0.04, 0.06)系列层状氧化物正极材料,对比研究了Sb掺杂对Na_0.9Ni_0.5Mn_0.3Ti_0.2O₂正极材料储钠性能的影响。测试结果表明,引入Sb后过渡金属层中氧原子之间的静电斥力减小,晶格间距扩大,有利于Na⁺的脱嵌。且掺杂Sb所造成的强电子离域降低了整个系统的能量,获得了更有利于循环充放电的稳定性结构。在2.0～4.2 V测试范围下,未掺杂的NMTSb₀在1C(240mA·g^-1)倍率下初始放电比容量为122.8mAh·g^...     

Sc3+和Ru4+联合取代BZN基陶瓷结构与介电性能的研究

采用传统的固相反应法制备致密的Bi_1.4Sc_0.1ZnNb_1.5-xRu_xO₇陶瓷样品, 研究Sc³⁺, Ru⁴⁺共同替代对Bi₂O₃-ZnO-Nb₂O₅陶瓷的相结构、晶体化学特性和介电性能的影响。结果表明: 当掺杂量x≤0.055 mol时, 样品保持单一的立方焦绿石结构。当掺杂量x=0.055 mol时, X射线衍射峰强度变弱, 峰形变宽。随着掺杂量的增加(0≤x≤0.04 mol), 陶瓷样品的晶格常数a和A位离子与第7个氧O′平均键长R_(A-O')逐渐减小, 结晶化学参数键价和AV(O')[A₄]增大, AV(O)[A₂B₂]减小, 48f(O)偏移量ξ增加。室温下样品的介电常数随着掺杂量的增加而减小, 介电损耗逐渐增加, 介电松弛特征减弱。低温下样品呈现明显的弛豫现象, 峰值温度T_m随着掺杂量的增加向高温方向移动。利用修正的Curie-Weiss(C-W)公式对样品ε_r-T曲线进行最小二乘法拟合, 得出样品的弛豫度γ由R0样品的1.57减小到R40样品的1.33。     

元素配比对BiFeO3反应烧结相变影响的高温X射线衍射研究

多铁性材料BiFeO₃样品中Bi₂₅FeO₃₉、Bi₂Fe₄O₉等杂相的存在增加了漏电流, 影响了对其磁电耦合机制与调控的深入研究, 然而纯相BiFeO₃陶瓷的制备一直是材料合成中的难点, 其中一个主要原因是对其相变规律的认识还不充分。本研究采用高温原位X射线衍射技术(HT-XRD)及Rietveld精修定量的方法, 并结合高温拉曼光谱技术(HT-Raman), 系统地研究了不同配比(1 : 1, 1.03 : 1, 1.05 : 1)Bi₂O₃/Fe₂O₃在相同升温速率和保温时间下的反应烧结相变过程, 以及降温时反应产物的热力学稳定性, 同时利用背散射电子衍射(EBSD)技术定性研究了降温冷却后烧结产物的物相分布。结果表明: Bi₂O₃必须经历结构相变(斜方-立方)才能与Fe₂O₃反应生成BiFeO₃, 当Bi过量时, BiFeO₃、Bi₂Fe₄O₉、Bi₂₅FeO₃₉三元产物在降温过程中处于热力学不稳定状态, 能有效抑制杂相的生成, 促进BiFeO₃相生成, 且Bi₂O₃/Fe₂O₃在配比为1.03 : 1时相的纯度最高。结合本课题组前期研究结果, 发现Bi过量以及快速升降温是提高BiFeO₃陶瓷相纯度的有效手段。本研究结果可为制备纯相BiFeO₃基陶瓷提供实验依据。     

Bi@Bi4Ti3O12/TiO2等离子体复合纤维的制备及增强可见光催化性能

以电纺TiO₂纳米纤维为基质和反应物、乙二醇为还原剂,采用溶剂热法原位合成了新型Bi@Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂等离子体复合纤维。利用XRD、SEM、高倍透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）、XPS、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-Vis DRS）和光致发光图谱（PL）等分析测试手段研究了Bi@Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂复合纤维的结构和性能。结果表明:当反应温度低于210℃时,Bi@Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂复合纤维的Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂纳米片随反应温度升高逐渐缩小、增厚,且有金属Bi纳米粒子生成;当反应温度高于210℃时,Bi@Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂复合纤维的纳米片发生堆积、变形、表面金属Bi被氧化成Bi₂O₃。反应温度对Bi@Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂等离子体复合纤维的形貌和物相组成有重要影响;Bi@Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂复合纤维对罗丹明B表现出优异的光催化活性,可见光照5 h其降解率达97.8%。Bi@Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂复合纤维光催化性能提高归结于Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂与TiO₂间形成异质结、金属Bi等离子体共振效应及等离子体共振效应与异质结的协同作用。      

阳极支撑质子导体电解质固体氧化物燃料电池的制备及其性能研究

本研究采用高温固相反应法合成了BaCe_0.7Zr_0.1Y_0.2O_3–δ(BCZY7)质子导体氧化物,对材料的物相结构和微观形貌进行表征和分析,并将BCZY7作为固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)的电解质,通过浸渍法和共烧结法成功制备了阳极支撑的NiO-BCZY7/BCZY7/La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3–δ(LSCF)-BCZY7钮扣式电池。以氢气(含3vol%H₂O)为燃料,空气为氧化剂,对电池的电化学性能进行测试。结果表明,在600、550、500℃时,电池的最高功率密度分别为203, 123, 92 mW·cm^–2,而传统(ZrO₂)_0.92(Y₂O₃)_0.08基SOFC在600℃时通常只有几十毫瓦的单位面积输出,质子导体...     

Ferroelectric, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of potassium lanthanum bismuth titanate K0.5La0.5Bi4Ti4O15 ceramics

The Aurivillius type bismuth layer-structured compound potassium lanthanum bismuth titanate (K_0.5La_0.5Bi₄Ti₄O₁₅) is synthesized using conventional solid-state processing. The phase analysis is performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the microstructural morphology is conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ferroelectric, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of K_0.5La_0.5Bi₄Ti₄O₁₅ (KLBT) ceramics are investigated in detail. The remnant polarization (P_r) and coercive field (E_c) are found to be 8.6 μC cm⁻² and 60 kV cm⁻¹, respectively. The Curie temperature T_c and piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ are 413 °C and 18 pC N⁻¹, respectively.     

Effect of V2O5 on the Sintering Behavior, Microstructure, and Electrical Properties of (Na/sub 0.5/K/sub 0.5/)NbO/sub 3/Ceramics

Well-sintered (Na_0.5K_0.5)NbO_3-x mol% V₂O₅ ceramics (abbreviated as NKN-V) with fine electrical properties were successfully prepared by conventional solid-state reaction through the careful control of processing conditions. The sintering behavior, phase structure, and electrical properties of the V₂O₅-doped NKN ceramics were investigated. Results show that when the V₂O₅ content is 0.6 mol%, the NKN ceramics attained the maximum density of 4.46 g/cm³ (about 98.9% of the theoretical density) at 1060degC, and therefore possessed enhanced electrical properties. But when the V₂O₅ content continued increasing, the density decreased. The secondary phase (Na₂V₆O₁₆) could be detected by XRD analysis in all samples except x = 0 mol%. The Curie temperature of the NKN-based materials was found to decrease with the increase of V₂O₅. The dielectric properties of NKN ceramics doped with 0.6 and 0.9 mol% V₂O₅ were better than that of pure NKN ceramics. In addition, annealing treatment was proved to be an effective technique for improving dielectric properties and reducing the leakage current density.     

Dielectric Properties of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3-La(B0.5Ti0.5)O3 (B=Mg, Zn) Ceramics

Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃-La(B_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ (B = Mg, Zn) ceramics were prepared by a solid-state reaction method, and their microwave dielectric characteristics and tunability were investigated. The ferroelectric-dielectric solid solutions with cubic perovskite structures were obtained for compositions of 10 to 60 mol% La(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ and 10 to 50 mol% La(Zn_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃. With the increase of linear oxide dielectric content, the dielectric constant and tunability were decreased and Qf was increased. Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃-La(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ has better dielectric properties than Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃-La(Zn_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃. 0.9Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃-0.1La(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ has a dielectric constant ε = 338.2, Qf = 979 GHz and a tunability of was 3.7% at 100 kHz under 1.67 kV/mm. The Qf value of 0.5Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃- 0.5La(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ reached 9367 GHz, but the tunable properties were lost.     

$hbox{Mg}_{1-{rm x}}hbox{Co}_{rm x}hbox{Fe}_{1.98}hbox{O}_{4}$ Ceramics With Promising Magnetodielectric Properties for Antenna Miniaturization

We have studied the effects of concentration of cobalt and sintering temperature on the complex relative permittivity and permeability of MgFe_1.98O₄ ferrite ceramics. All samples were doped with 3 wt% Bi₂O₃ to improve the sintering properties of the Mg_1-xCo_xFe_1.98O₄ ceramics and thus attain a low dielectric loss tangent. X-ray diffraction data indicated that the ferrite samples all have a single-phase spinel structure and that there was no reaction between the ferrite and Bi₂O₃. In terms of microstructure development and grain growth, the effect of Bi₂O₃ is much more pronounced than that of Co. At a given concentration of Co, the magnetic properties can be fairly explained by a magnetic circuit model. The relationship between static permeability and the concentration of Co can be understood by using the single-ion model combined with the local uniaxial anisotropic model. Among the samples we prepared, Mg_0.96Co_0.04Fe_1.98O₄ sintered at 1000degC for 2 h has almost equal real permeability and permittivity-both approximately 10 - as well as sufficiently low dielectric and magnetic loss tangent over a range 3 to 30 MHz [the high-frequency (HF) band]. These properties that should be useful for miniaturization of HF antennas.     

固体激光用Nd:Lu2O3透明陶瓷的制备和光学性能研究

Nd:Lu2O3材料由于具有高热导率、低声子能量和优异的光学特性而成为非常有前景的高功率固体激光器用的增益介质.但Lu2O3单晶的熔点超过2400℃,难以生长,而Lu2O3陶瓷既能在低温下制备,又具有与晶体相当的光学性质和激光性能从而备受关注.本研究制备了高透明的Nd:Lu2O3陶瓷并对其光学性质和激光性能进行探究.以...     

Y_2W_3O_(12)/Ni复合材料的制备及热膨胀性能

为研究Ni基Y2W3O12复合材料的热学性能,首先,采用二次焙烧法制备了负膨胀材料Y2W3O12;然后,将Y2W3O12与金属Ni进行混合,并在1 200℃、50 MPa的条件下热压烧结制得40vol%Y2W3O12/Ni复合材料;最后,对复合材料的成分及热膨胀性能进行了研究。结果表明:在热压烧结过程中,由于Ni的还原性比W差,相对于对比试样40vol%Y2W3O12/Cr复合材料中发生的复杂化学反应,40vol%Y2W3O12/Ni复合材料的两相之间并未发生反应,使40vol%Y2W3O12/Ni复合材料保持了较低的热膨胀系数;经数次循环退火释放热应力及去除Y2W3O12相的结晶水后,40vol%Y2W3O12/Ni复合材料在170~800℃温度范围内的热膨胀系数趋于稳定,约为3.4×10-6 K-1,与理论设计值4.0×10-6 K-1相近。     

氧化气氛对CaCu3Ti4O12陶瓷显微结构及介电性能的影响

采用固相法合成了CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂陶瓷, 研究了氧化气氛热处理对其显微结构和介电性能的影响。结果表明, 氧化气氛热处理后, CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂陶瓷的介电常数略微下降, 介电损耗角正切值得到有效抑制, 降至0.03~0.04。在183~273 K温度范围内, CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂陶瓷总的介电损耗可以分解成低频电导损耗和高频的两个弛豫损耗峰, 氧化气氛热处理后低频电导损耗的贡献下降较为明显。对CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂陶瓷的晶粒、晶界进行阻抗分析, 发现在393 K时晶界电阻值从1.8×10⁴ Ω增大到8.6×10⁴ Ω。伏安特性(J-E)结果表明氧化气氛热处理使CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂陶瓷的击穿场强和非线性系数分别从226 V/mm、3.52上升到397 V/mm、4.51, 晶界势垒高度从0.56 eV增大到0.63 eV。