活性炭纤维对水中酸性大红的吸附脱色研究

研究了活性炭纤维（ACF）对水中酸性大红的吸附脱色试验。温度为15℃-20℃，滤速为6mL/min时，浓度为12mg/L的酸性大红脱色率达98%以上。活性炭纤维经20次吸附与解吸实验，吸附脱色性能没有明显降低。与颗粒状活性炭（GAC）相比，活性炭纤维吸附脱色酸性大红的吸附量大。可望作为吸附脱色酸性大红废水的方法。     

活性炭纤维对贵金属离子吸附性能的研究

通过活性炭纤维对氯金酸的吸附实验,研究活性炭纤维对贵金属离子的吸附性能,探讨了在静态条件及动态条件下,活性炭纤维的质量,溶液的初始浓度,吸附时间,体系的温度,不同流速等条件对活性炭纤维吸附性能的影响.发现活性炭纤维对氯金酸有较强的吸附性能,最高吸附率可达96%以上.在所选择的条件范围内,溶液的最佳初始浓度为150 mg/L,活性炭纤维最佳质量为0.06 g,最佳吸附时间为50 min,体系的最佳温度为298 K,最佳流速为2.5mL/min.     

活性炭纤维对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附脱色研究

研究了活性炭纤维（ACF）对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附脱色试验,温度为15－20℃,滤速为4mL/min时,浓度为10mg/L的亚甲基蓝脱色率达98％以上。活性炭纤维经20次吸附与解吸实验,吸附脱色性能没有明显降低。与颗粒状活性炭（GAC）相比,活性炭纤维吸附脱色亚甲基蓝的速度快,在短时间内,就能达到吸附平衡。     

活性炭纤维对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附脱色研究

研究了活性炭纤维（ACF）对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附脱色试验。温度为15-20℃,滤速为4mL/min时。浓度为10mg/L的亚甲基蓝脱色率达98％以上。活性炭纤维经20次吸附与解吸实验,吸附脱色性能没有明显降低。与颗粒状活性炭（GAC）相比,活性炭纤维吸附脱色亚甲基蓝的速度快,在短时间内,就能达到吸附平衡。     

活性炭纤维对水中酸性大红的吸附脱色研究

研究了活性炭纤维(ACF)对水中酸性大红的吸附脱色试验。温度为15℃~20℃,滤速为6mL/min时,浓度为12mg/L的酸性大红脱色率达98％以上。活性炭纤维经20次吸附与解吸实验,吸附脱色性能没有明显降低。与颗粒状活性炭(GAC)相比,活性炭纤维吸附脱色酸性大红的吸附量大,可望作为对吸附脱色酸性大红废水的方法。     

椰壳基活性炭脱除废水中刚果红染料

以颗粒状椰壳基活性炭为吸附剂,对刚果红生物染料进行吸附实验研究。通过实验主要考察了温度、模型溶液酸度、模型溶液初始浓度、活性炭粒度和搅拌速度对活性炭吸附效果的影响。得出在温度为15℃、溶液酸度为pH=2、溶液初始浓度为30mg／L、活性炭粒度小于60目,并且较快的搅拌速度下脱色效果最佳,最佳脱色率可达95．55％。     

活性炭纤维对钯的吸附性能研究

活性炭纤维是一种新型高效吸附材料,具有比表面积大,微孔发达,孔径分布窄,吸附速度快,吸附能力强等特点.通过活性炭纤维对钯溶液的吸附实验,探讨了静态条件以及动态条件下,溶液的初始浓度,系统的温度,活性炭纤维的质量,吸附时间,不同流速等条件对活性炭纤维吸附性能的影响.研究表明:活性炭纤维对钯有较强的吸附性能,最高吸附率可达...     

苯乳酸发酵液脱色工艺及吸附方程的探讨

以脱色率及苯乳酸回收率为指标,研究了4种活性炭对发酵液吸附脱色的影响。通过单因素实验和正交实验对脱色条件进行优化,得到适宜的脱色条件为:活性炭添加质量浓度为0.015 g/L,初始pH值为6.5,温度90℃,脱色时间为30 m in,在此条件下,活性炭AC1脱色苯乳酸发酵液的脱色率为90.5%,苯乳酸回收率为88.6%。对苯乳酸发酵液脱色体系的吸附等温方程进行了研究,其吸附过程以物理吸附为主,遵循Freund lich等温方程。     

天然沸石负载壳聚糖用于苦卤脱色的研究

将180~250μm天然沸石用NaOH和HCl洗后烘干,将脱乙酰度为90%的壳聚糖负载在天然斜发沸石上制成复合吸附剂用于海盐苦卤脱色,可脱除苦卤溶液中98%的有色物质。沸石负载壳聚糖在pH<10、投剂量为0. 01g/mL、高速搅拌(300r/min)5min条件下,脱色效果最好。研究了壳聚糖脱乙酰度、壳聚糖浓度、溶液pH和复合吸附剂用量对脱色率的影响。     

活性炭的硝酸改性工艺研究

研究了木质颗粒活性炭的硝酸改性工艺,以焦糖脱色率、亚甲基蓝吸附值和苯酚吸附值为指标,优化最佳改性工艺条件。结果表明,在以150 mL硝酸溶液改性10 g活性炭条件下,对于焦糖脱色率的最佳改性条件为:HNO3浓度1 mol/L,改性温度30℃,改性时间1 h;在此条件下,活性炭的焦糖脱色率和亚甲基蓝吸附值分别提高了400%和31.94%;在HNO3浓度为5 mol/L,改性温度为90℃,改性时间为2 h的改性条件下,改性活性炭的苯酚吸附值提高了46.99%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。