基于光纤自适应耦合和自调谐的光纤光栅传感系统设计

针对光纤光栅传感系统应用中面临的应变弱和可靠性不稳定等问题,研究并设计了一种基于自适应耦合切换和自调谐光纤光栅传感系统;主要从事首先,基于光纤光栅的波长边化特点和多耦合特性设计了自适应耦合功能器件,并依据波长交叉点特性建立了长-短周期切换算法,然后考虑了波长对工作电压和耦合周期的影响特点,设计了支持自调谐功能的光纤光栅传感器及其调谐算法,最后给出了具有自适应多耦合切换和自调谐功能的光纤光栅传感系统;主要从事实验表明,在检测精度、抗干涉能力和应变能力等方面,所提方案表现出了明显优势.     

非本征F-P传感器在瓦斯检测系统中的应用

详细介绍了非本征F-P光纤传感器的结构、特点和工作原理,阐述了非本征F-P光纤传感器在瓦斯检测系统中的应用。该传感器采用空芯光子晶体光纤作为载体,不受环境温度的影响,具有灵敏度高、抗干扰能力强、传输损耗小的特点,可显著提高瓦斯浓度检测的准确性和精度。     

PC-PCF传感器的设计与研究

介绍了光子晶体光纤传感的工作原理,通过分析传统光纤的弊端,设计基于聚碳酸酯为基材的光子晶体光纤(PC-PCF),利用COMSOL Multiphysics和MATLAB对设计方案的可行性进行验证,结果表明:PC-PCF在特定光波波段具有优异的传感性能,灵敏度高且损耗低,具有作为特定介质(如臭氧等)传感器的潜力.     

基于Mach-Zehnder干涉的光子晶体光纤传感技术研究进展

近年来,随着光纤传感器技术研究领域的不断发展,各式各样的光纤传感结构脱颖而出.其中,采用光子晶体光纤与Mach-Zehnder干涉相结合方式的传感研究引起了学术界广泛关注.分析了国内外基于Mach-Zehnder干涉的光子晶体光纤传感技术的研究进展,介绍了这种技术在折射率测量、温度和多参数测量、应变与曲率测量等应用的传感结构,并对其发展前景进行了展望.     

基于光子晶体光纤传感器的瓦斯监测系统

空芯带隙型光子晶体光纤以其独特的结构和导光机制,具有其它普通光纤无法比拟的优势,这种光纤传感器在气体检测方面灵敏度更高。设计了以这种传感器为检测元件,基于Zig Bee的无线传感器网络的瓦斯监测系统,实验测试结果与样本值比较表明:相对误差在10%以内,基本达到了实时在线监测瓦斯的目的。     

一种高方向灵敏度光纤F-P超声传感系统设计研究

针对光纤F-P超声传感器工作点易偏离问题,设计了基于双波长稳定技术的低细度光纤F-P传感系统,建立了双波长光纤F-P传感系统的DE算法数学模型,优化设计了一高正交精度光纤F-P传感系统,建立基于该传感器的激光超声检测系统,实验研究了该传感器探测超声信号的有效性和方向灵敏度。结果表明,该传感器可以有效检测试样中激发出的超声表面波信号。激发源与传感器轴向夹角为0°时,表面波幅值最大。随着激发源与传感器轴向夹角增大,表面波幅值降低。激发源与传感器轴线垂直时,幅值下降达80%,说明该传感器有很强的方向性。     

波长调制技术在掺铒光纤腔内吸收气体传感中的应用

在掺铒光纤腔内吸收气体传感系统进行气体检测时,由于受到放大自发辐射噪声、标准具效应等因素影响,气体浓度检测信号强度和检测浓度极限受到了很大的限制。为了解决上述问题,将广泛应用于可调谐二极管激光器吸收光谱的波长调制技术应用到掺铒光纤腔内吸收传感系统,利用实验分析了二次谐波信噪比与泵浦驱动电流、调制频率以及调制深度的关系,从理论上分析推导的最佳波长调制深度也与实验得到的调制深度非常吻合。采用波长调制技术得到气体传感系统的检测浓度极限为140×10-6。     

新型光纤化学瓦斯传感器的研究

利用超分子化合物穴番A对瓦斯气体的吸附作用将引起光纤包层折射率发生相应改变,结合模式滤光检测技术,提出了一种新的瓦斯传感器检测方法.分析了这种光纤化学瓦斯传感器的工作原理、组成结构及光纤的涂层方法.针对传感系统进行瓦斯监测实验表明:这种传感器能实时准确地检测出甲烷气体体积分数,是一种简便,快速,灵敏的瓦斯检测办法.     

空芯光子带隙光纤在甲烷检测中的应用

本文所提出的新型的全光纤甲烷检测系统是依托空芯光子带隙光纤作为检测气体传感的探头,利用谐波检测技术处理信号的一种甲烷检测方式。旨在正确分析甲烷气体在空芯光子带隙光纤中的扩散特性,从而对传感气室实现优化设计。另外,研究通过实际的试验成果证实利用空芯光子带隙光纤进行甲烷检测具有一定的可行性。     

基于多级衍射及自适应补偿的光纤光栅传感器解调技术

解调技术是决定光纤光栅传感解调系统速率、精度、容量等性能的关键因素。提出一种基于线阵光电探测器成像原理的光纤光栅传感器解调方案,通过多级衍射,结合弱曝光自适应超频技术和FPGA并行数据处理技术,实现了对传感信号的快速解调,同时可以实现对级联型光纤光栅传感器和长周期光纤光栅传感器信号的解调。使用温度、应力敏感光纤光栅传感器对搭建的铁路桥模型进行监测,实验结果表明,光纤光栅传感系统的解调精度可以达到10 pm量级,系统可测量光谱范围达50 nm,提高了传感系统的解调速率和精度,同时实现了光纤光栅解调设备的微型化。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.