荧光熄灭型光纤氧传感器测定水中溶解氧

为了简便、快速、准确地测定水中溶解氧的浓度,作者研制了基于荧光猝灭的具微型流通池的光纤氧传感器.比较了敏感膜的增塑剂和活化时间及溶液的流速和pH值对传感器响应特性的影响.实验表明以磷酸三丁酯作增塑剂,该传感器选择性良好,溶解氧浓度在3.3mg/L～8.7mg/L符合Stern-Volmer方程,相关系数为0.9994,检测下限为2.9mg/L.该文首次将光纤氧传感器测定样品中溶解氧的结果与碘量法的测定结果进行了对比,经t检验发现二者无显著性差异.     

基于氧传感膜荧光特性的溶解氧传感器研制

基于氧传感膜荧光特性研制了一种低成本、小型化的溶解氧传感器.对传统氧传感膜的制备方案进行了优化,结合其透光特性对所制备的传感膜优劣进行甄别和选优.在此基础上,重点研究了水温、浸泡时间等因素对传感膜荧光发射强度的影响.为提高溶解氧的测量精度,设计了一种45°角斜面传感器探头结构,有效降低了水中气泡对溶解氧的测量干扰.实验结果表明:该溶解氧传感器能够准确测量0 ～20 mg/L范围内的待测液体的含氧量,检测误差为±2％,检测精度达±0.1 mg/L,在工农业生产、水质监测及水产养殖等方面具有较好的应用前景.     

基于荧光猝灭原理的氧传感器膜头的制备

水中溶解氧含量是衡量水质的重要指标之一,通过溶解氧传感器可对水体中的溶解氧含量进行检测.国外对溶解氧传感器的研究较早,工艺水平较高;国内起步晚,且多是实验研究,在批量生产高品质传感器方面仍待发展.该文设计一种包括载体、胶层、荧光层、保护层4层结构的氧敏感膜.荧光层采用四乙氧基硅烷为前驱体,三氟丙基三甲基氧硅烷为有机改性...     

90型可消毒PH玻璃电极的研制

用pH玻璃电极测定水溶液中氢离子活度,不受溶液颜色、粘稠性和溶解氧的影响,是目前在线检测发酵液值的最佳传感器.可消毒pH电极以瑞士Ingold公司最为著名.自1965年起我国也开始制备发酵pH电极.本文报道的则是自制的90型可消毒pH传感器的制备、性能和实际使用情况.1 电极的制备90型pH电极结构的关键部份是敏感膜.研制的电极敏感膜呈圆柱形,长度为15mm,它较球形敏感膜有明显的优点:机械强度高,可避免安装、试验过程中的人为不小心损坏;敏感区域长,可减少粘稠发酵液覆盖敏感膜引起的误差.pH敏感膜玻璃组分是决定电极性能的主要因素,所以对玻璃成分的设计要兼顾几个方面:玻璃成分与电极内阻的关系;玻璃成分与化学耐久性而高温蒸汽消毒性能的关系,玻璃组分与玻璃敏感膜成型工艺的关系,经     

光学法溶解氧测量仪的技术实现

为解决极谱法溶解氧电极在电化学过程中使用的膜和电解液会导致耗氧、维护周期短等问题,本文设计了一种荧光淬熄原理的新型光学溶解氧测量仪。通过严谨的试验,证明该方法具有测量精度高、使用寿命长、使用范围广、维护方便、性能稳定等优点。该方法适用于污水废水,水产养殖,生活用水等溶解氧的检测分析。该测量仪通过了中环协(北京)认证中心的环保认证,也成功申请到了中国国家知识产权局的实用新型专利。     

SAW—SXFA气体传感器敏感膜性质的研究

以SXFA聚合物为敏感膜材料制备了能够检测有机膦化合物的声表面波传感器,介绍了敏感膜材料SXFA的镀膜方法,以理论计算和原子力显微镜对敏感膜进行了证实,研究了SAW-SXFA传感器在不同膜厚度下的频率变化、不同膜厚度的传感器对检测有机膦化合物的响应结果,并对检测机理进行了初步讨论.     

SXFA-SAW传感器的稳定性研究

以SXFA聚合物为敏感膜材料制成能够检测有机磷化合物的声表面波传感器.研究结果表明该传感器具有噪音小、对沙林检测灵敏度高、重现性强等性能;通过气体流速实验和统计学假设检验分析证实流速在0.5～1.5 L/min的范围内对传感器响应频移不产生影响,说明该传感器具有较好的稳定性.     

Ru(dip)_3~(2+)络合物氧敏感膜的光降解特性研究

氧指示剂的光降解是影响荧光猝灭氧传感器光稳定性的主要因素 .本文研究了 Ru(dip) 2 + 3络合物氧敏感膜光降解模型 ,给出了敏感膜光降解速率与激励光波长、强度及膜环境温度的依赖关系     

Ru (dip ) 2+ 3 络合物氧敏感膜的光降解特性研究

氧指示剂的光降解是影响荧光猝灭氧传感器光稳定性的主要因素.本文研究了Ru(dip)\+\{2+\}\-3络合物氧敏感膜光降解模型,给出了敏感膜光降解速率与激励光波长、强度及膜环境温度的依赖关系.     

一种新型的Pt􀀁LaF3 混合膜MISFET 结构溶解氧传感器

基于碳糊成模（carbon paste film forming)方法,我们研制了一种MISFET结构的Pt-LaF混合膜全固态溶解氧传感器,对传感器的器件结构以及Pt-LaF3敏感膜的敏感机制和响应特性进行了分析,并实际测试了器件特性。给出了在不同工作点和不同温度条件下器件的输出电压对溶解氧浓度变化的响应曲线。实验结果表明,我们所提出的器件可以用于测量溶解氧含量。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.