反应挤出技术研究进展

综述了聚合物反应挤出技术的研究进展情况，包括反应挤出机械及反应挤出技术在聚合物接枝、就地增容、可控降解与交联、合成等方面的研究进展情况，展望了反应挤出技术今后的发展方向。     

塑料特种成型技术

第二讲 特种挤出成型一、双螺杆反应挤出 反应挤出技术是利用双螺杆挤出机完成单体、预聚物的反应合成过程及聚合物的接枝、嵌段、共聚、交联、最终挤出成为塑料制品的一种新颖挤出工艺。用作反应挤出的双螺杆挤出机既是传统意义上的混炼塑化成型设备,又是化学合成的反应器,在挤出过程中完     

聚合物改性剂三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯

引言 人们为了获得具有独特性能的新颖高分子材料,纷纷致力于对已知聚合物的改性研究,例如共聚、共混以及聚合物的后反应。聚合物的后反应包括交联、嵌段与接枝、链扩展、卤化、环氧化、水解以及表面改性等。     

聚苯硫醚的改性技术进展

本文探讨了PPS树脂的化学改性技术(包括嵌段、接枝共聚,交联,互穿网络聚合物IPN)和物理改性技术(包括共混和填充)的发展现状,随后介绍了PPS通过与不同各种聚合物形成共混合金,可以实现各种性能的改善。     

反应加工制备接枝聚合物的研究进展

综述了利用哈克转矩流变仪及采用反应挤出法制备接枝聚合物的特点及接枝体系的选择。另外,以马来酸酐为例,阐述了接枝反应的机理,同时总结了几类可通过反应挤出进行接枝改性的聚合物,并对接枝聚合物的应用进行概括。关于接枝物的表征,主要从纯化方法、接枝的确定、接枝率的测定方法等方面进行了概述。     

有机聚合物的交联结合方法(一)

依靠加热把形成硅烷改性有机聚合物的混合组成物用常法供给螺杆挤出机,接着加热混合而挤出硅烷改性有机聚合物的方法,在该螺杆式挤出机的有机聚合物的熔融段以后的部位在机筒或螺杆设置液体注入孔,从该注入孔注入硅氧烷缩合触媒混合挤出,将得到的挤出物与水分接触而形成硅烷改性有机聚合物的交联结合方法。本发明为关于有机聚合物的交联结合的改进,再具体说就是关于含有能加水分解的     

聚合物反应挤出技术及其应用研究进展

聚合物反应挤出技术是一门将聚合反应与挤出成型结合在一起的新兴工艺,简述了聚合物反应挤出技术的原理及特点,综述了聚合物反应挤出技术在本体聚合、接枝反应、反应共混、以及可控降解等方面的应用研究新进展。     

国外生物降解聚合物的研制和改性

以化学高分子的理论和技术为基础,对相关聚合物进行标的研制和改性。标的合成主要方法：（１）聚合（共聚）、缩聚、交联;（２）嵌段、接枝;９３）引入特性官能团、组分;（４）利用物性互补或控制相关相态和分散态合成新聚合物以及采用特定加工技术以得到的改怀效果。     

反应挤出加工技术在塑料改性中的发展

介绍了反应挤出加工的特点，并详细介绍了反应挤出，在聚合物的接枝、降解、合成、增容、生产热塑性弹性体（TPE）、塑料的官能化和官能团改性等方面的应用。     

聚烯烃的化学结构改性

本文在介绍了聚烯烃化学结构的基础上对聚烯烃非嵌段共聚的化学改性方法进行了概述。以易于工业化的化学机械改性法为重点,论述了通过可控降解、交联和接枝共聚改造聚烯烃结构的方法,并简要介绍了改性聚烯烃的性能与用途。     

Optimisation of silane grafting in single screw extruder

Abstract

Reactive extrusion is an attractive means of polymer processing since the shaping and reaction takes place in a single operation. Silane grafting of low density polyethylene has been achieved in a single screw extruder. The optimum conditions for silane grafting, i.e. temperature, shear rate, and silane and dicumyl peroxide concentrations, were determined on a torque rheometer and extrusion was then performed under optimum conditions. The study shows that an optimum low level of grafting/crosslinking can be introduced into polyethylene during extrusion for better mechanical behaviour and/or thermal stability without aecting the processability.     

用途广泛的双螺杆挤出机

介绍了国内外对于双螺杆挤出机研究的最新动向。在理论上,人们可以更准确地计算挤出机的重要加工参数,评价各种类型双螺杆挤出机的优劣;在实验上,反应挤出技术代表了双螺杆挤出机开发的趋势,在此基础上的多螺杆技术是该领域的新发展。     

Functionalization of ethylene–propylene–diene monomer rubber with maleic anhydride in the melt state through high‐shear stress‐induced initiation

The functionalization reactions of ethylene–propylene–diene monomer rubber (EPDM) with maleic anhydride (MAH) in melt state through high‐shear‐stress‐induced initiation by an increase in the screw rotation speed of the twin‐screw extruder and through compounded initiation by the addition of some initiator and an increase in the screw rotation speed were investigated. The results show that, with increasing screw rotation speed and reaction temperature, the percentage grafting and melt flow rate of the functionalized products (EPDM‐g‐MAH) were noticeably increased, and the viscosity‐average molecular weight decreased, which implied that the grafting reaction consisted of the chain scission and grafting reaction of the produced macroradicals with MAH. In the presence of a certain peroxide initiator, the crosslinking reaction during melt extrusion was suppressed by an increase in the screw rotation speed. The percentage grafting of EPDM‐g‐MAH amounted to 1.1%, its melt flow rate was between 0.3 and 4.0 g/10 min, and its gel content was less than 1.0%, depending on the screw rotation speed and reaction temperature. Impact testing and scanning electron microscopy showed that the functionalized product prepared through the high shear stress‐induced initiation had a higher blocking activity with the amide terminated of PA66 than that prepared through the peroxide initiation or through the compound initiation, and the impact strength of the PA66/EPDM blends, improved by the high‐shear‐stress‐induced product was noticeably higher than those of the peroxide‐initiated product or the compound‐initiated one. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Experimental study of maleation of polypropylene in various twin‐screw extruder systems

A range of continuous mixing machines were used as continuous reactors for grafting maleic anhydride onto polypropylene. The machines used were (1) a nonintermeshing modular counterrotating twin‐screw extruder, (2) an intermeshing modular corotating twin‐screw extruder, (3) intermeshing modular counterrotating twin‐screw extruder, and (4) a Kobelco Nex‐T continuous mixer. The grafting reaction of maleic anhydride onto polypropylene and degradation of polypropylene during the grafting reaction were investigated as means for comparing these different machines for reactive extrusion. The influence of processing variables such as screw speed and processing temperature on polymer characteristics also was investigated. Generally, in a comparison of the different machines, the intermeshing counterrotating twin‐screw extruder had the lowest levels of grafted maleic anhydride, whereas the Kobelco Nex‐T continuous mixer under the conditions used had the highest levels of grafted maleic anhydride. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 1755–1764, 2003     

Effects of screw configurations on the grafting of maleic anhydride grafted low-density polyethylene in reactive extrusion

The effects of screw configurations, that is, the staggering angles and disc widths of the kneading blocks, on grafting reactive extrusion for maleic anhydride grafted low-density polyethylene were investigated in a corotating twin-screw extruder. Samples were collected from three positions along the screw and the die exit. The grafting degree (GD) of the specimens was evaluated by titration. It was found that the kneading block configurations had a significant influence on the grafting reactive extrusion. In addition, another three groups of extrusion experiments were performed to explore the intrinsic relationship between the GD, the degree of fill in the screw channel, the residence time distribution (RTD), and the mixing intensity in various screw configurations. The experimental results indicated that the location of the melting endpoint significantly affected the position at which the reaction began; the degree of fill, RTD, and mixing performance of the screw played important roles in the grafting reaction. The reverse kneading blocks with a narrow disc width, which had a high degree of fill and good mixing capacity, enhanced the increase in GD along the screw during the reactive extrusion. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

亚甲基丁二酸接枝LDPE

利用反应挤出技术制备了低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)/亚甲基丁二酸接枝物。研究了引发剂种类及用量对接枝率和接枝物熔体流动速率(MFR)的影响。结果表明：采用引发剂L-101的接枝率最高,添加ω(L-101)为0．2％时．接枝率即可接近90％,接枝的同时伴有交联,接枝物的MFR从LDPE的16g／10min下降到2g／10min左右。     

Reactive extrusion of polypropylene with supercritical carbon dioxide: Free radical grafting of maleic anhydride

A reactive extrusion process for the functionalization of polypropylene with maleic anhydride in the presence of supercritical carbon dioxide was studied. Supercritical carbon dioxide was used in this reactive extrusion system to reduce the viscosity of the polypropylene melt phase by forming a polymer–gas solution in order to promote better mixing of the reactants. Subsequently, the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on the level of grafting, product homogeneity, and molecular weight was evaluated. Analysis of the products revealed that the use of supercritical carbon dioxide led to improved grafting when high levels of maleic anhydride were used. The experimental results showed no evidence of an improvement in the homogeneity of the product, while melt flow rate measurements showed a reduction in the degradation of polypropylene during the grafting reaction when low levels of maleic anhydride were employed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 1116–1122, 2003