共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
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用于乙腈精制的高效氧化剂的筛选 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
基于正交实验,筛选出用于乙腈精制的过氧化钠系列(过氧化钠、过氧化钠-高锰酸钾和过氧化钠-浓硫酸)高效氧化剂,解决了传统乙腈精制工艺中氧化剂的低效性及釜残渣难于去除等问题。采用紫外分光光度法及红外光谱对精制后的乙腈进行分析,并与传统的最优氧化剂浓硫酸、氢氧化钠-高锰酸钾精制后的乙腈进行对比。实验结果表明,经过氧化钠系列氧化剂精制所得的高纯乙腈较传统氧化剂精制所得的乙腈在相应波长范围内具有更低的紫外吸光度,且与市售色谱纯乙腈的红外谱图无明显差异,其中以过氧化钠-浓硫酸为氧化剂所得的精制乙腈在波长190~205nm内的紫外吸光度明显低于市售色谱纯乙腈。 相似文献
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邢福祥 《石油化工安全环保技术》2004,20(6):12-14
根据氧化剂在超细粉碎过程中产生爆炸或燃烧的必要条件,提出了超细氧化剂粉体制备中需要控制的关键性因素,根据这些因素,确定了氧化剂超细化设备选择原则。 相似文献
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在油田污水处理过程中,在投加传统污水处理剂之前,先加氧化剂(如次氯酸钠、双氧水等),可使水中的有害离子(如Fe~(2 ))转化为有用的离子(如Fe~(3 ),有絮凝净水作用),然后再通过絮凝剂和助凝剂的作用,可使污水得到进一步净化。由于氧化剂的作用,可大大减少石灰乳的用量,从而可使污泥产出量减少三分之二以上。实验表明,当污水中Fe~(2 )含量较低时,氧化剂可选用次氯酸钠;当Fe~(2 )含量超过5 mg/L时,选用双氧水氧化剂为宜。 相似文献
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主要介绍了以乙苯过氧化氢作氧化剂联产苯乙烯和环氧丙烷的PO/SM工艺、以异丙苯过氧化氢为氧化剂的CHP工艺的原理,使用的催化剂及其开发的水平进展,并对这两种工艺进行了经济比较. 相似文献
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氧化脱硫生产低硫柴油 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了柴油氧化脱硫机理;综述了近年来国内外柴油氧化脱硫技术的研究进展,包括以双氧水、有机过氧化物为氧化剂的氧化脱硫技术,生物氧化脱硫技术,西南石油学院开发的直馏柴油催化氧化脱硫技术.分析了各种氧化脱硫技术的优缺点,认为以双氧水为氧化剂的氧化脱硫技术脱硫率和柴油收率都较高,但存在氧化剂成本高、氧化态硫化物出路等缺点;而催化氧化脱硫技术采用廉价的空气或氧气为氧化剂,柴油收率达93%以上,柴油质量指标能满足欧洲Ⅱ类标准,即硫含量小于300 μg/g,因此,催化氧化脱硫技术将成为今后生产超低硫柴油的主要工艺之一. 相似文献
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研究了用过氧化氢作氧化剂时,环己烷在不锈钢间歇反应釜中的无催化氧化反应,并考察了反应温度、反应时间、氧化剂浓度、溶剂及反应器壁对环己烷转化率和产物选择性的影响。研究表明:反应器材质对环己烷氧化过程具有十分明显的影响。 相似文献
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研究了用过氧化氢作氧化剂时,环己烷在不锈钢间歇反应釜中的无催化氧化反应,并考察了反应温度、反应时间、氧化剂浓度、溶剂及反应器壁对环己烷转化率和产物选择性的影响。研究表明:反应器材质对环己烷氧化过程具有十分明显的影响。 相似文献
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氧化法催化裂化柴油精制技术研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用氧化剂与催化柴油反应,以增强硫化物的极性,然后用极性溶剂抽提,大幅提高了脱硫率,脱硫率可达60%以上。研究了几种氧化剂和溶剂的使用效果,结果表明,应适当控制氧化深度。吸附剂补充精制能进一步脱除硫化物并降低柴油色度。 相似文献
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针对压裂造成的二次污染,选用常用的酸及氧化剂来进行处理,考察了酸液种类、温度、氧化剂种类对处理后陶粒破碎率的影响,在此基础上得到了裂缝处理液的基本配方,室内评价了该处理液对残渣粒径、残渣值以及岩心伤害解堵的影响,并进行了现场应用。实验结果表明:60℃下,6%HCl+0.5%HF处理后陶粒破碎率增加了4倍多,6%HCl处理后破碎率只增加了1倍多,1%过硫酸铵APS处理后破碎率也只增加了1倍。确定了裂缝处理液的配方为:1%APS+5%HCl+3%NH4Cl+0.6%缓蚀剂B-125。60℃下向100 mL破胶液中加入100 mL裂缝处理液后,破胶液的中值粒径由136.51μm降为98.64μm,残渣量由132 mg/L降为76 mg/L,黏度由8 mPa.s降为3 mPa.s。经该处理液处理后岩心渗透率可达到原始渗透率的81.6%。该处理液对陶粒影响小,能充分氧化分解压裂液残胶。H43井压后不出液,加入该处理液10 m3后,返排顺利,压后日产油1.3 t。表4参1 相似文献
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Z. Y. Han Y. P. Zhang Z. M. Du Z.Y. Li Q. Yao Y. Z. Yang 《Journal of Energetic Materials》2018,36(1):61-68
Up to now, the research studies about 5-aminotetrazole (5-AT) gas generators are still not complete. In this work, ten gas generators based on 5-AT with different ordinary oxidants were designed. At the same time, ten gas generators based on azodicarbonamide (ADC), a current gas-generating material, were also designed, which serves as a contrast to formulas of 5-AT. The oxidants of all formulas are the same in proportion. The specific volume, gas production rate, and combustion temperature of these gas generators were measured and calculated. In conclusion, 5-AT/KClO4/Fe2O3/MnO2 formula has high specific volume, acceptable combustion temperature (1466.07 K), and large gas production (maximum pressures can reach 1.79 MPa). It is a kind of gas generator with potential value of development such as using in inflating airbags of automobiles. 相似文献
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This article describes two kinds of model oil samples made of a benzothiophene/octane mixture and a 2-me- thylthiophene/octane mixture. Furthermore, this paper investigates the oxidative desulfurization selectivity and reaction efficiency when Ce4+ compound and H2O2 having identical electron equivalent weight were used as oxidants. The test re- sults showed that the two kinds of oxidants were more effective to remove benzothiophene in the model oil samples. For oxidative desulfurization of 2-methylthiophene, Ce4+ compound was obviously superior than H2O2. This paper by means of quantum chemistry analyses elaborates the complex formed between Ce4+ species and 2-methylthiophene and FT-IR spec- trograms of model oil samples before and after oxidation by Ce4+ compound and H2O2, respectively. The results demonstrat- ed that Ce4+ compound could remove sulfur compounds not only through oxidation reaction but also through complexation reaction. 相似文献
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A series of oxidants supported on coconut shell-based activated carbon(CAC) through microwave irradiation were prepared and characterized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), N_2 adsorption/desorption analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The SO_2 adsorption capacities and rates were evaluated by adsorption tests performed in a fixed bed reactor with a simulated flue gas, and the adsorption isotherm models were validated against the experimental results. The findings revealed that the SO_2 adsorption capacity decreased in the following order: MW-K_2Cr_2O_7-CAC MWKMnO_4-CAC MW-H_2O_2-CAC MW-CAC. The SO_2 adsorption capacities and adsorption rates of the samples increased with an increasing oxidizability of the oxidants owing to the increment of mean pore size and oxygen-containing functional groups. In addition, a high initial SO_2 concentration and a low bed temperature could positively affect the SO2 adsorption. Finally, the Langmuir model validated that SO_2 was mainly adsorbed through chemical adsorption on the sample surfaces. 相似文献