Potential and viability of grid-connected solar PV system in Bangladesh

The potential of grid-connected solar PV system in Bangladesh was estimated utilizing GeoSpatial toolkit, NASA SSE solar radiation data and HOMER optimization software. Financial viability of solar photovoltaic as an electricity generation source for Bangladesh was also assessed utilizing a proposed 1-MW grid-connected solar PV system using RETScreen simulation software for 14 widespread locations in Bangladesh. The technical potential of gird-connected solar PV in Bangladesh was calculated as about 50174 MW. The annual electricity generation of the proposed system varied depending on the location between 1653 MWh and 1854 MWh, with a mean value of 1729 MWh. Several different economic and financial indicators were calculated, such as the internal rate of return, net present value, benefit-cost ratio, cost of energy production and simple payback. All indicators – for all sites – showed favorable condition for development of the proposed solar PV system in Bangladesh. The results also showed that a minimum of 1423 tons of greenhouse gas emissions can be avoided annually utilizing the proposed system at any part of the country.     

Estimation of bright roof areas for large scale solar PV applications to meet the power demand of megacity Hyderabad

Hyderabad is reeling under a severe power crisis aggravated due to the recent bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh. Telangana state needs more power than residual Andhra Pradesh due to greater demand from its Industrial and Agricultural consumers. The installed capacity (established as well as under construction) of power plants under Telangana Power Generation Corporation (TSGENCO) includes 2282.5 MW of thermal coal based power, 2081.76 MW of hydro power and 1 MW solar power. As more than 50% of the power source is coal based, there exists a threat of fossil fuel depletion and enhanced Green House Gas (GHG) emissions. Solar electricity has the potential to offset these negative impacts. This paper concentrates on evaluating the roof top area required for solar power generation using Remote Sensing and GIS apart from developing an algorithm using analytical methods, to estimate the photo-voltaic system components required, for the total power requirement of Hyderabad city.     

Multitude of progress and unmediated problems of solar PV in Bangladesh

The aims of this paper are to demonstrate a critical review of the multitude of progress in solar PV research and applications in Bangladesh since its inception in 1996 till 2010. Our studies show that Bangladesh has been experiencing an accelerated shift towards solar PV to meet the gap between demand and supply of electricity along with conventional electricity generation. Despite the present generation of electricity from solar PV is 15-20 MW, both public and private sectors have started several solar PV projects to generate several hundred of MW by the upcoming years. This paper has also tried to identify the critical barriers for widespread dissemination of solar PV in Bangladesh and has discussed possible ways to overcome those barriers as well.     

Analysis of grid connected solar PV system in the southeastern part of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a potential site of implementing renewable energy system to reduce the severe power crisis throughout the year. According to this, Chittagong is the southeastern part of Bangladesh is also a potential site for implementing renewable energy system such as grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system. Financial viability and green-house gas emission reduction of solar PV as an electricity generation source are assessed for 500 kW grid connected solar PV system at University of Chittagong, Chittagong. Homer simulation software and monthly average solar radiation data from NASA is used for this task. In the proposed system monthly electricity generation varies between 82.65 MW h and 60.3 MW h throughout the year with a mean value of 68.25 MW h depending on the monthly highest and lowest solar radiation data. It is found that per unit electricity production cost is US$ 0.20 based on project lifetime 25 years. The IRR, equity payback and benefit-cost ratio shows favorable condition for development of the proposed solar PV system in this site. A minimum 664 tones of green-house gas emissions can be reduced annually utilizing the proposed system.     

财政部解读支持加快太阳能光电建筑应用的政策

一<实施意见>和<资金办法>规定的扶持重点领域有哪些? 推进太阳能光电发展是一项系统工程,涉及技术进步、产业发展、市场培育等多个领域,近年,有关部门已在科技研发等方面出台了相关扶持政策,极大地促进了我国太阳能光电发展,此次,财政部、住房和城乡建设部印发了<实施意见>和<资金办法>,主要是要通过财政补助支持开展光电建筑应用示范项目,解决太阳能光电建筑一体化设计及施工能力不足、相关应用技术标准缺乏、与建筑实现构件化的太阳能光电组件生产能力薄弱等问题,从而启动太阳能光电在城乡建筑领域的应用市场,带动太阳能光电产业发展.     

太阳影子倍率的计算方法及其对光伏阵列布局的影响

以国家地面气象规范的相关理论和公式为基础,考虑大气折射因素,采用Edlen公式对其进行了修正,提出了太阳高度角和方位角的修正公式,并通过大量实测数据验证了修正公式的准确性。摘要:     

太阳能光伏发电系统光伏阵列保护用熔断器的选择分析

光伏发电系统是由能把太阳光能直接转换为电能的部件和子系统构成。其中的光伏阵列是将入射的太阳辐射能直接转换为直流电能的单元,太阳电池板组成的阵列与光伏阵列连接箱连接,电流经连接箱汇流后输出到逆变器或直接应用环节。太阳电池板组成的光伏阵列约占光伏发电系统总成本的70%,如何保护光伏阵列和充分提高     

开辟太阳能光电建筑应用新天地——太阳能电源与智能建筑节能减排论坛隆重召开

6月6日上午,由全国工商联新能源商会、中科院电工研究所主办,北京泰豪智能工程有限公司和新奥光伏集成有限公司承办的"太阳能电源与智能建筑节能减排论坛"在人民大会堂隆重召开.通过国内知名专家学者的积极沟通与交流,探讨和推动环境保护活动的开展以及太阳能电源与智能建筑结合的节能减排策略.全国政协副主席、全国工商联主席黄孟复等相关领导和专家出席此次论坛.     

Nodal pricing in Ontario,Canada: Implications for solar PV electricity

This article investigates the extent to which the value of solar electricity (that is, electricity generated by photovoltaics), a form of distributed generation, would be higher under a nodal pricing system as compared to a uniform pricing system. More specifically, solar radiation and electricity market data for the period 1 January 2005–31 December 2006 are examined for locations near Mississauga, Ontario and Kingston, Ontario. The hybrid optimization model for electric renewables (HOMER) program is used for the simulation of solar electricity output. For Mississauga, the average monthly value of the solar electricity based on Ontario's uniform pricing system (the hourly Ontario energy price, or HOEP) was C$20.62. Based on nodal pricing, the average monthly value was C$27.20 per month (32% higher). For Kingston, the average monthly value of the solar electricity based on HOEP was C$23.78 per month. Based on nodal pricing, the average monthly value was C$36.03 (52% higher). Over the two-year period, the monthly differences were greatest during the summer, with a 53% spread in June in Mississauga and a 106% spread in May in Kingston. As debates regarding electricity futures progress, the importance of proper valuation of alternative generation sources continues to be critical. This research aims to contribute to discussions regarding the extent to which a nodal pricing system could facilitate the contribution of solar electricity to a sustainable electricity system in Ontario.     

High efficiency, long-life actuator for PV water pumping applications

A typical diagram-configuration photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system consists of a d.c. permanent magnet motor driving a diaphragm pump via a cam. The typical efficiency is low and the lifespan short. The use of a linear d.c. motor or actuator as the drive is suggested. A higher efficiency and life expectancy could be achieved. The aims of this project were to measure the pump, evaluate possible electromagnetic configurations with a finite-element analysis (FEA) package and to evaluate different electromechanical options. The results obtained for these criteria will be discussed concluding with a choice of the best topology.     

Comparative study of performance degradation in poly- and mono-crystalline-Si solar PV modules deployed in different applications

Data on long-term performance and degradation of field-aged solar photovoltaic modules is widely recognized as necessary for continued technological improvement and market confidence. It is also important that such research should cover various geographical regions of the globe. This paper presents a study on twenty-nine (29) crystalline silicon modules deployed in grid-connected, battery-charging and water-pumping applications. The modules, installed at six different locations in Ghana were aged between 6 and 32 years. Peak power (P_max) losses ranged from 0.8%/year – 6.5%/year. The P_max losses were dominated by losses in fill factor (FF) and short-circuit current (I_sc). Visually observable defects are also reported.     

Liquid cooling of bright LEDs for automotive applications

With the advances in the technology of materials based on GaN, high brightness white light emitting diodes (LEDs) have flourished over the past few years and have shown to be very promising in many new illumination applications such as outdoor illumination, task and decorative lighting as well as aircraft and automobile illuminations. The objective of this paper is to investigate an active liquid cooling solution of such LEDs in an automotive headlights application. The thermal design from device to board to system level has been carried out in this research. Air cooling and passive liquid cooling methods were investigated and excluded as unsuitable, and therefore an active liquid cooling solution was selected. Several configurations of the active liquid cooling system were studied and optimisation work was carried out to find an optimum thermal performance.     

Measures for diffusion of solar PV in selected African countries

This paper investigates how African governments are considering supporting and promoting the diffusion of solar PV. This issue is explored by examining so-called ‘technology action plans (TAPs)’, which were main outputs of the Technology Needs Assessment project implemented in 10 African countries from 2010 to 2013. The paper provides a review of three distinct but characteristic trajectories for PV market development in Kenya (private-led market for solar home systems), Morocco (utility-led fee-for service model) and Rwanda (donor-led market for institutional systems). The paper finds that governments’ strategies to promoting solar PV are moving from isolated projects towards frameworks for market development and that there are high expectations to upgrading in the PV value chain through local assembly of panels and local production of other system elements. Commonly identified measures include support to: local production; financing schemes; tax exemptions; establishment and reinforcement of standards; technical training; and research and development.     

力诺发力光伏产业,拓展太阳能全产业链

中国有很多太阳能热水器企业,也有很多光伏企业,然而同时拥有大规模光热光伏两大产业的公司却为数不多,山东力诺集团便是其中一家。在中国太阳能热利用产业界,力诺无疑是一个响当当的品牌,力诺全玻璃真空太阳能集热管占据了中国太阳能集热管70%的市场份额;力诺瑞特太阳能热水器也是中国知名品牌。其实力诺很早就与光伏有渊源。     

Calculation of monthly average global solar radiation on horizontal surfaces using daily hours of bright sunshine

Several statistical models calculating the monthly average global solar radiation on horizontal surfaces using the daily hours of bright sunshine have been extensively evaluated and compared for Canadian regions. Results show that Gariépy's model provides the best overall performance and Hay's model is rated next best, whereas Rietveld's model has been found to be the least accurate. Local performances of models have also been established throughout Canada that show that both Gariépy's and Hay's models perform quite well. Recommended models have been suggested for the studied regions.     

Power generation of solar PV systems in Palestine

In Palestine, the electric power generated is not enough to meet the power demand of domestic and industrial sectors. In this article, a PV system of 220 kW peak was proposed as a renewable resource of power generation for grid connected applications in residential quarter in north Palestine. The proposed system was simulated using MATLAB solver, in which the input parameters for the solver were the meteorological data for the selected location and the size of PV panels. Results showed that it is possible for Palestine to use the solar energy to generate enough power for some villages or rural area. It is also possible to use such a system as a black start source of power during total shutdown time. Results also indicated that solar PV systems can be more economical than grid electricity.     

Operation conditions of batteries in PV applications

For a continuous energy supply of photovoltaic operated and off-grid loads, the storage of the solar generated electrical energy is necessary. About 60% of all over the world manufactured solar cells are used for such stand alone systems. In case of photovoltaic systems, mainly electrochemical battery storage systems are used.

The paper describes the requirements for batteries in solar systems. The most important storage systems, such as lead–acid, NiMH and Li-ion batteries are described in detail and further developing trends are discussed.

As it is well known that the operation conditions strongly influence the battery lifetime, this paper reviews photovoltaic operation conditions and experience in performance and lifetime in photovoltaic systems.     

The impact of the projected changes in temperature on heating and cooling requirements in buildings in Dhaka,Bangladesh

Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is a fast growing megacity with a population of 12.8 million. Due to its tropical location, dense urban morphology and higher than average density of population, buildings in Dhaka are likely to be adversely affected by the projected changes in climate, in particular by the increases in temperature. Buildings play a vital role in most aspects of our lives and their energy consumption patterns affect climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. It is important to understand the likely impact of the projected increases in temperature on cooling and heating requirements in buildings in future climates. In this research, global projections on changes in temperature are temporally downscaled using a statistically averaged baseline present-day hourly weather data to generate future weather data in three timeslices: 2020s, 2050s and 2080s. Time series data for the present-day and future climates are analyzed as well as heating and cooling degree-days are calculated.     

太阳能光伏灯具的应用探讨

本文简单介绍了太阳能光伏灯具的工作原理和控制器的"光控、时控、光控 时控"三种控制方式的特点;详细对比分析了现在太阳能光伏灯具的优点和缺点;推荐了几种现在最成熟、最可靠、性价比较高、最适合推广的产品;简述了LED的现状和发展趋势;总结了我国光伏灯具目前需要迫切解决的问题。