MOF复合材料的制备及应用研究进展

金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)是一种由金属离子与有机配体自组装而成的新型多孔骨架材料。将高孔隙率、结构可调的MOFs材料与其他功能材料结合构建复合材料,可以发挥超于原材料的优良特性。金属有机骨架(MOF)复合材料作为新型功能材料发展迅速,并应用于气体吸附、分离与存储、催化、气体传感、药物传输等方面,甚至因两种材料间的相互作用而产生的协同效应将应用领域延伸至燃料电池、电催化等。简单介绍了MOF复合材料的种类,与MOFs构建复合材料的材料包括碳基材料、有机高分子材料、多金属氧酸盐、金属纳米颗粒、金属氧化物、SiO_2材料、量子点、生物酶等。分析了各种MOF复合材料在气体吸附与存储、多相催化、化学传感等领域的应用。最后,对MOF复合材料的应用前景进行了展望,功能化、低成本、易于工业化生产的MOF复合材料是今后研究开发的方向。     

金属有机框架材料对水体中有机污染物的吸附去除及氧化降解研究进展

随着水体环境中抗生素、内分泌干扰物及持久性有机物等大量新兴污染物的频繁检出,寻求高效、经济的污染物处理和治理技术迫在眉睫。金属有机框架(Metal organic frameworks, MOFs)材料是一类由金属离子或金属簇与有机配体结合的有机-无机杂化材料,具有孔隙率高、结构多样、孔径可调、配位点不饱和及功能可设计性强等特点,可广泛应用于有机污染物的吸附去除和氧化降解。本文综述了MOFs材料的合成方法及分类,阐述了其对水体中有机污染物的吸附和催化降解机理,探讨了温度、pH、MOFs浓度和离子强度等相关因素对MOFs材料去除污染物的影响,并对今后MOFs材料的研究方向进行了展望,以期为MOFs材料在环境污染修复领域的研究和应用提供理论基础。     

金属-有机骨架(MOFs)多孔材料的孔结构调节途径

多孔金属-有机骨架（MOFs）材料是近年来发展起来的一种新型功能材料.本文系统综述了MOFs孔结构的调节途径,包括构建分子调节、模板剂调节和反应环境调节控制.通过对有机配体的选择和修饰可调节MOFs的孔结构和孔表面的物理化学性质;而选择具有不同配位构型的金属离子也可以改变MOFs的骨架结构;模板剂通过控制骨架网络结构从而决定MOFs的孔径大小和形状;温度、溶剂等反应条件有时也会在一定程度上影响聚合物的结构.     

MOFs及其衍生材料在锂离子电池负极中的研究进展

金属有机框架(MOFs)具有较大的比表面积和可调节的孔径，其金属离子和有机配体都具有良好的携电荷能力，近年来作为锂离子电池负极材料受到广泛关注。本文介绍了目前常用的锂离子电池MOFs负极材料，归纳了MOFs材料在锂离子电池负极中的改性策略和合成方法，且系统分析了MOFs及其衍生材料的结构与形貌设计的主要原则，指出了其未来发展趋势及研究挑战。     

MOFs及其复合材料去除水中重金属研究进展

金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)是一种具有良好化学稳定性、结构多样性和高比表面积的新型多孔材料,在水中重金属去除领域有着广阔的应用前景.介绍了MOFs材料的分类、应用和合成方法,并对比了几种常用的MOFs材料合成方法的优缺点,综述了不同骨架结构(MIL、ZIF和Uio-66)和不同官能团改性(氨基、巯基和金属氧化物)的MO...     

有机金属框架材料在光学传感器中的应用综述

金属有机框架(Metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)是由金属离子或簇与有机配体连接在一起形成的三维多孔晶体结构.基于它们的多孔和微晶粉末结构,MOFs已被初步应用于存储、催化和分离.其次,由于其易于裁剪,具有较好的机械稳定性、电导率和催化性能等优点,它们也被应用于化学传感、多相催化、生物应用等领域...     

MOFs基材料对金属离子吸附分离的研究进展

金属有机框架(MOFs)基功能材料在金属离子吸附等方面具有重要的应用价值和前景。通过表面改性或功能化MOFs可得到对不同离子响应的高效吸附材料，这种响应是依靠MOFs材料的本身优良属性或与改性材料之间的协同作用，进而充分发挥各组分的优势实现不同金属离子的吸附分离。介绍了MOF基吸附材料的类型、制备方法以及其对金属离子吸附的研究进展，并对功能化的MOFs材料的研究方向进行了展望。     

金属有机框架材料的制备及应用研究进展

金属-有机框架(MOFs)是一种由金属离子团簇和有机配体通过配位键桥连形成的多孔晶态材料,具有高孔隙率、高比表面积、易于功能化修饰等特点,在气体吸附、催化、传感、医药等方面都具有潜在的应用价值。然而,MOFs材料的不同合成方法往往会直接影响材料形貌并导致其性能差异,通过改变合成方法,能够显著改变材料性能并应用于不同领域。综述总结了近年来MOFs材料的多种合成方法及其典型应用进展,并探讨了不同合成方法的优缺点,最后对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

有机高分子磁性材料研究进展

有机高分子磁性材料作为一种新型的功能材料,在超高频装置、高密度存贮材料、吸波材料和微电子工业等需要轻质磁性材料的领域具有很好的应用前景。室温稳定且具有实用价值的有机高分子磁性材料一直是该领域研究的热点。文中概述了纯有机类,大π键体系类,电荷转移复合物类和含金属原子复合物类等有机高分子磁性材料的最新研究进展,并介绍了各类有机高分子磁性材料的磁性能特点。     

金属有机框架材料用于光催化CO2还原的研究进展

CO₂光催化还原转化为有价值的碳氢燃料和化工原料是达成“碳中和”目标的重要途径。金属有机框架材料(MOFs)是一种由有机配位体和金属离子或团簇通过配位键形成的有机-无机杂化材料,具有超高的比表面积、可调的孔结构,并易于功能化修饰,在CO₂光催化还原反应中展现出良好的应用前景。总结了基于MOFs的新型功能材料绿色光催化CO₂还原的最新研究进展,探讨了改性及功能化MOFs材料及MOFs衍生物的光催化CO₂还原反应机理,并从理化特性上分析了材料性能优势的成因。总结了提高光催化还原CO₂反应的活性和选择性的策略。在此基础上,对这类新型催化剂面临的主要问题和未来发展进行了总结与展望。     

金属有机框架材料载体系统在食品抗菌包装中的应用

目的 综述金属有机框架材料(Metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)作为载体系统在食品抗菌包装领域的研究现状和应用进展,以期为MOFs类抗菌包装材料的研发和应用提供参考。方法 介绍MOFs的基本概念及分类,概述MOFs的制备方法(加热法、机械法和电化学法等),总结归纳近年来MOFs作为载体系统在无机抗菌剂、有机抗菌剂和天然抗菌剂领域的应用,并讨论MOFs作为载体系统的机遇和挑战。结论 MOFs作为一种有机与无机相结合的多孔性复合材料,不仅可有效封装抗菌剂,实现缓释和控释,且将MOFs复合材料作为高分子填料可提高其抗菌性能、力学性能和抗紫外线性能等,因此在制备高效、安全的食品抗菌包装方面具有巨大潜力。     

Integration of Metal Nanoparticles into Metal–Organic Frameworks for Composite Catalysts: Design and Synthetic Strategy

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are constructed by periodically alternate metal ions with organic ligands, which offer structural diversity and a wide range of interesting properties as an attractive classification of crystalline porous materials. Integration of MOFs with other size‐limited functional centers can supply new multifunctional composites, which exhibit both the properties of the components and new characteristics due to the combination of MOFs with the selected loadings. In recent years, integration of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) into MOFs to form the composite catalysts has attracted considerable attention due to the superior performance. In this review, the latest studies and up‐to‐date developments on the design and synthetic strategy of new MNP@MOF composite catalysts are specifically highlighted. Both the achievements and problems are evaluated and proposed, and the opportunities and challenges of MNP@MOF composite catalysts are discussed.     

Multifunctional Metal–Organic Frameworks for Photocatalysis

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted significant research attention in diverse areas due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics that allow their innovative application in various research fields. Recently, the application of MOFs in heterogeneous photocatalysis for water splitting, CO₂ reduction, and organic transformation have emerged, aiming at providing alternative solutions to address the world‐wide energy and environmental problems by taking advantage of the unique porous structure together with ample physicochemical properties of the metal centers and organic ligands in MOFs. In this review, the latest progress in MOF‐involved solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion reactions are summarized according to their different roles in the photoredox chemical systems, e.g., photocatalysts, co‐catalysts, and hosts. The achieved progress and existing problems are evaluated and proposed, and the opportunities and challenges of MOFs and their related materials for their advanced development in photocatalysis are discussed and anticipated.     

导电高分子材料应用的最新进展与展望

导电高分子材料是一种同时具有金属般良好导电性和有机材料般柔韧加工性的新型材料,在防腐、能源、传感、光电领域等方面应用广泛。综述了当前导电高分子的最新情况,并重点介绍了导电高分子材料在金属防腐、超级电容器、传感器、隐身材料、电致变色、电致发光、自愈合等7个研究方向的最新动态,对其中每一种聚合物及其复合材料的制备方法和性能效果都做了叙述,最后介绍了导电高分子材料在多个领域的应用前景。导电高分子材料作为一门新兴学科正处于发展阶段,相信导电高分子材料理论和应用的研究将进一步推动导电高分子材料领域的深入发展。     

Metal-organic framework-based intelligent drug delivery systems for cancer theranostic: A review

The design and development of multifunctional nano-drug delivery systems (NDDSs) is a solution that is expected to solve some intractable problems in traditional cancer treatment. In particular, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are novel hybrid porous nanomaterials which are constructed by the coordination of metal cations or clusters and organic bridging ligands. Benefiting from their intrinsic superior properties, MOFs have captivated intensive attentions in drug release and cancer theranostic. Based on what has been achieved about MOF-based DDSs in recent years, this review introduces different stimuli-responsive mechanisms of them and their applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment systematically. Moreover, the existing challenges and future opportunities in this field are summarized. By realizing industrial production and paying attention to biosafety, their clinical applications will be enriched.     

新型超级电容器电极材料

超级电容器以其高功率、长周期使用寿命、环保等独特性能受到人们的广泛关注。决定超级电容器电荷存储的最关键因素是电极材料的特性。首先简要介绍了电容器的电荷储存机理。其次详细介绍了金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)、共价有机骨架材料(COFs)、二维过渡金属碳(氮)化物(MXenes)、金属氮化物(MN)、黑磷(BP)和有机分子电极材料等有望获得高能量密度和功率密度的新兴电极材料,以及最新制作的对称/非对称超级电容器的能量、电容、功率、循环性能和倍率性等参数。研究表明,COFs有望成为新一代廉价、绿色、可持续、多功能的储能装置的有机电极候选材料,其电化学性能仍有很大的提高空间。重点介绍了MOFs、COFs、MN、BP及近年来新型有机电极材料在超级电容器中的应用。最后,对超级电容器未来的发展和关键技术的挑战进行了展望。     

State‐of‐the‐Art Advances and Challenges of Iron‐Based Metal Organic Frameworks from Attractive Features,Synthesis to Multifunctional Applications

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs), as an original kind of organic–inorganic porous material, are constructed with metal centers and organic linkers via a coordination complexation reaction. Among uncountable MOF materials, iron‐containing metal organic frameworks (Fe‐MOFs) have excellent potential in practical applications owing to their many fascinating properties, such as diverse structure types, low toxicity, preferable stability, and tailored functionality. Here, recent research progresses of Fe‐MOFs in attractive features, synthesis, and multifunctional applications are described. Fe‐MOFs with porosity and tailored functionality are discussed according to the design of building blocks. Four types of synthetic methods including solvothermal, hydrothermal, microwave, and dry gel conversion synthesis are illustrated. Finally, the applications of Fe‐MOFs in Li‐ion batteries, sensors, gas storage, separation in gas and liquid phases, and catalysis are elucidated, focusing on the mechanism. The aim is to provide prospects for extending Fe‐MOFs in more practical applications.     

Metal–Organic Frameworks for Biomedical Applications

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are an interesting and useful class of coordination polymers, constructed from metal ion/cluster nodes and functional organic ligands through coordination bonds, and have attracted extensive research interest during the past decades. Due to the unique features of diverse compositions, facile synthesis, easy surface functionalization, high surface areas, adjustable porosity, and tunable biocompatibility, MOFs have been widely used in hydrogen/methane storage, catalysis, biological imaging and sensing, drug delivery, desalination, gas separation, magnetic and electronic devices, nonlinear optics, water vapor capture, etc. Notably, with the rapid development of synthetic methods and surface functionalization strategies, smart MOF‐based nanocomposites with advanced bio‐related properties have been designed and fabricated to meet the growing demands of MOF materials for biomedical applications. This work outlines the synthesis and functionalization and the recent advances of MOFs in biomedical fields, including cargo (drugs, nucleic acids, proteins, and dyes) delivery for cancer therapy, bioimaging, antimicrobial, biosensing, and biocatalysis. The prospects and challenges in the field of MOF‐based biomedical materials are also discussed.     

Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Nanomedicine Platforms for Drug Delivery and Molecular Imaging

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are a unique class of hybrid porous materials built from metal ions and organic linkers, have attracted significant research interest in recent years. Compared with conventional porous materials, MOFs exhibit a variety of advantages, including a large surface area, a tunable pore size and shape, an adjustable composition and structure, biodegradability, and versatile functionalities, which enable MOFs to perform as promising platforms for drug delivery, molecular imaging, and theranostic applications. In this article, the recent research progress related to nanoscale metal–organic frameworks (NMOFs) is summarized with a focus on synthesis strategies and drug delivery, molecular imaging, and theranostic applications. The future challenges and opportunities of NMOFs are also discussed in the context of translational medical research. More effort is warranted to develop clinically translatable NMOFs for various applications in nanomedicine.