CIMS在我国的进展:研究、应用和经验

本文叙述了CIMS在我国研究和应用的进展,指出我国CIMS的研究、开发是以应用导向促进技术的发展,而技术的进步反过来又导向了应用;强调了CIMS在我国企业应用的特点:不仅是CIMS技术应用,而且是结合企业体制改革(实现科学管理)的技术与管理相结合的应用;不仅是一般的信息技术在制造业的应用,而且是在系统观点、指导下的集成信息技术的应用;在介绍了我国典型企业应用CIMS的成功实例后,提出了符合国情的、成功实施CIMS的8条经验.     

直线电动机在数控机床中的应用

简要阐述了直线电动机驱动相对于传统数控机床进给驱动的优点,分析了直线电动机在数控机床应用中存在的一些特殊问题,介绍了直线电动机在高速加工、异形截面加工等方面的应用,列举了在高速进给驱动系统中的典型应用事例,并对直线电动机在数控机床中的应用前景进行了展望。     

动态数据驱动应用系统仿真研究综述

随着仿真在各个领域的深入研究与应用,提出了基于动态数据驱动应用系统仿真,以提高仿真的准确度。介绍了动态数据驱动应用系统的概念,分析了它相对于传统仿真的优势。描述了动态数据驱动应用系统体系结构,并阐述了动态数据驱动应用系统三个方面的关键技术：数据同化、仿真环境下的动态建模、数据驱动决策。最后论述了动态数据驱动应用系统在环境仿真及军事仿真中的应用。     

西门子PLC在轧钢生产线设计中的应用

首先介绍了PLC的概念和结构,接着围绕西门子PLC300在轧钢生产线设计中的应用实践,分析了PLC系统在轧钢生产线故障诊断中的应用、PLC和计算机控制系统在冷轧带钢生产线中的应用以及PLC在轧钢机电气控制中的应用,最后阐述了PLC在轧钢技术应用中应注意的问题,对轧钢生产具有重要的指导作用。     

国内关于动作分析(MS)应用研究的简述

回顾了动作分析(MS)的主要内涵,在总结国内近十年文献的基础上,提炼了国内关于动作分析的应用研究主要集中于四个方面:在生产线平衡中的应用研究、在实验教学和装配线分析中的应用研究、在作业改善和作业设计中的应用研究、在某作业过程的优化应用研究。     

无轨胶轮车在煤矿辅助运输中的应用研究

从无轨胶轮车在煤矿辅助运输中的应用优势分析入手,介绍了无轨胶轮车在煤矿辅助运输中的应用适用条件,分析了无轨胶轮车在煤矿辅助运输中的应用要点,提出了无轨胶轮车在煤矿辅助运输的实际应用中需要注意的问题.     

IC卡在电梯控制中的优化设计

对IC卡在电梯控制中的应用进行了研究，阐述了IC卡在电梯控制中的应用现状．分析了IC卡在电梯系统应用中存在的缺陷。提出了IC卡在电梯控制中的优化设计方案。     

遗传算法在数据挖掘中的应用分析

该文主要分析了数据挖掘的有关概念及其数据挖掘的过程。详细阐述了遗传算法的基本思想．步骤及其在数据挖掘中的应用，以遗传算法在旅行商问题中的应用为例，全面分析了遗传算法在数据挖掘应用过程及其实现的计算效果，同时对简单的遗传算法在数据挖掘中的应用存在的问题进行了讨论。     

气象信息在电网安全稳定控制中的深入应用

介绍了气象信息在电网安全预警中的重要意义以及应用现状,指出气象信息在电网安全预警应用中存在的问题,分析了气象信息在电网安全预警中难以深入应用的原因,提出了气象信息在电网安全预警中进一步深入应用的总体思路,具体描述了相关解决措施的目标、实现方法。     

遗传算法在数据挖掘中的应用实例分析

该文主要分析了数据挖掘的有关概念及其数据挖掘的过程,详细阐述了遗传算法的基本思想、步骤及其在数据挖掘中的应用,以遗传算法在旅行商问题中的应用为例,全面分析了遗传算法在数据挖掘中的应用过程及其实现的计算效果,同时对简单的遗传算法在数据挖掘应用中存在的问题进行了讨论.     

Investigation of bending creep tests. Part I: Effect of residual stress

Bending creep test (based on overhang beam geometry) is investigated by incorporating the important contribution of residual stress. Finite element simulations considering the residual stress is employed to investigate the residual stress behavior of bending creep specimen. We propose several methods to determine the creep parameters directly from the bending creep tests. We considered two cases of residual stress, one is tensile residual stress. The other is compressive residual stress. The present work may shed some light on the influences during bending creep, as well as provide an efficient way to determine material residual stress characteristics.     

GH742合金激光冲击强化后的表面残余应力

采用X射线衍射法对GH742合金激光冲击强化后的表面残余应力进行了测试,采用云纹干涉结合盲孔法对残余应力随深度的分布进行了测试。结果表明:GH742合金经激光单点冲击后,表面残余压应力最高可达1 180MPa,且残余压应力层深度达到1.2mm;50%光斑搭接率强化后的表面残余压应力约为1 100MPa。     

Effect of residual stress on femoral arterial stress-strain behavior

It is well established that arteries are subjected to residual stress. Due to the effect of residual stress, the arteries open to a horse-shoe shape when a longitudinal cut is made on an excised arterial segment. Previously, the residual stress has been quantified by the opening angle of the horse-shoe shape. We have employed a finite element analysis of the open arterial segment to restore the same to the original cylindrical shape and computed the circumferential strain as well as the stress distribution in the wall. In this study, the stress and strain distribution in the femoral arteries of miniswine was computed with and without the residual stress for a range of transmural pressures. Our analysis showed that the residual stress has the effect of redistribution of the circumferential stresses between the intima and the adventitia under physiological loading. The redistribution of the stress with the inclusion of residual stress may be important in the studies on effect of wall stresses on the endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells.     

硬切削表层残余应力特征预测研究

结合精密硬切削加工表层残余应力曲线的勺形分布特征,提出了以表面应力值、最大应力值、最大深度值和有效深度值4个变量作为表达残余应力曲线的特征参数,并作为BP网络的输出量,以刀具几何参数和切削参数等影响硬切削加工最为显著的变量为输入量,建立了硬切削加工表层残余应力特征BP网络预测模型。最后,通过实验验证了模型的准确性,实现了对精密硬切削加工表面残余应力较高精度的预测。     

A study of the development of the stress optic law of photoelastic experiment considering residual stress

Photoelastic experiment has two significant problems. The first problem is manufacturing a model specimen for complicated shapes of structures. The second problem is residual stress contained in the photoelastic model material. In this paper, the stress optic law that can be effecitvely used on photoelastic model materials with residual stress is developed. By using the stress optic law as developed in this research, we can obtain good results in photoelastic experiments using model material in which residual stress is contained. It is assured that the stress optic law developed in this research is useful. Therefore, it is suggested that the stress optic law considering residual stress can be applied to the photoelastic experiment for the stress analysis of the composite materials or bi-materials in which the residual stress is easily contained.     

基于ANSYS的磨削残余应力场仿真研究

作为影响工件表面完整性的关键因素之一,残余应力影响工件强度,在制造时会导致产生变形和开裂等工艺缺陷,同时在制造后的自然释放过程中也会导致材料的疲劳强度、应力腐蚀等力学性能降低。本文借助有限元分析软件ANSYS,采用热—力顺序耦合方法,建立了平面磨削残余应力场的有限元模型。该模型能够动态反映磨削加工过程中工件表层残余应力的变化情况。在此基础上,分析了不同磨削参数对工件表层残余应力的影响,从计算机仿真角度对磨削加工工艺参数进行了优化。仿真结果表明,在磨削过程中,工件表层同时存在着残余拉应力和残余压应力,与其他磨削参数相比,磨削深度对残余应力的影响最为显著。     

激光熔覆工艺参数对铁基双层涂层组织和残余应力的影响

针对激光熔覆过程中剧烈的温度场变化伴随着应力、应变演化,进而导致零件具有高裂纹敏感性的问题,对不同激光扫描路径及工艺参数下残余应力演变规律进行研究。采用激光熔覆在Q345钢上制备了Fe基双层多道涂层,并以X射线衍射法结合电化学腐蚀剥层法测量沿涂层深度方向的残余应力分布,探究激光扫描路径、功率以及扫描速度对涂层显微组织和应力分布的影响。结果表明：涂层表面和内部为残余压应力,在涂层基体熔合线处残余应力发生突变,热影响区表现为残余拉应力;激光熔覆工艺对涂层残余应力的大小和分布规律有显著影响,当激光扫描路径为轮廓偏置式、激光功率为1.8 kW、扫描速度为0.02 m/s时,涂层具有最优的残余应力分布和成形质量;残余应力的产生主要与激光束对熔池的冲击作用以及熔覆层的非平衡凝固特性有关。     

有利于提高硬态切削滚动轴承疲劳寿命的残余应力临界条件

超精硬态切削在滚动轴承表面形成的残余压应力 ,经工作应力衰减后才成为影响滚动接触疲劳寿命的应力状态。基于此 ,本文在考虑特定滚动轴承使用条件的基础上 ,推导出滚动轴承采用超精硬态切削加工工艺时 ,已加工表面的残余应力需要满足的两个临界条件 ,即在接触区的每一离散点的残余应力必须与工作应力符号相同 ,且随时间变化残余应力的幅值应小于或等于工作应力幅值的两倍时 ,才有利于提高滚动轴承的使用寿命。该结论澄清了长久以来文献中所提出的残余压应力总是有利于提高工件疲劳寿命的这个似是而非的概念。     

Fretting Fatigue Behavior of Cavitation Shotless Peened Ti–6Al–4V

Fretting fatigue behavior of cavitation shotless peened (CSP) titanium alloy, Ti–6Al–4V was investigated. Constant amplitude fretting fatigue tests were conducted at several maximum stress levels, σ_max, ranging from 400 to 555 MPa with a stress ratio of 0.1. Test results showed that the fretting fatigue life was enhanced by CSP treatment as compared to the unpeened specimen, but the enhancement was not as large as that from the shot-peening treatment. Residual stress measurements by X-ray diffraction method before and after fretting test showed that residual compressive stress was relaxed during fretting fatigue. Before fretting, CSP specimen had higher compressive residual stress on the surface than the shot-peened specimen. However, greater residual stress relaxation occurred in CSP specimen such that the relaxed compressive residual stress profile near the contact surface of CSP specimen was lower than that of shot-peened specimen. This lower compressive residual stress from fretting fatigue was the reason for shorter fretting fatigue life of CSP specimen as compared to shot-peened specimen at the applied stress level.     

Modeling of residual stresses in milling

A model to predict residual stresses produced from milling is presented. It uses process conditions as inputs and predicts surface and subsurface residual stress profiles due to milling. The model formulation incorporates cutting force and cutting temperature predictions and utilizes those parameters to define the thermomechanical loading experienced by the workpiece. Model predictions are compared with published experimental data for both cutting forces and residual stress profiles. The results show that the model performs well in predicting residual stress trends for various milling conditions. Residual stress magnitudes as well as profiles are well predicted with the modeling approach.