工程机械几种缓冲补油液压装置比较分析

文章主要综合论述了工程机械回转机构中,常用的几种缓冲补油液压装置的特点及适用性,并进行比较分析,为主机厂家选择何种装置提供依据和参考。     

Abdominal sensory equipment involved in external host discrimination in a solitary parasitoid wasp

Already parasitized hosts are often of poorer quality than healthy hosts. It is therefore usually advantageous for parasitoid females to recognize and reject them. Parasitized hosts can be identified on the basis of various physical or chemical marks present on the surface or inside the hosts or their surroundings in the case of concealed host. Here we studied host discrimination behaviors of females of a certain population of Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae, a solitary ectoparasitoid, which are known to reject large-sized parasitized hosts after an abdominal examination of their surface. We first investigated females' recognition behaviors of host parasitism status when confronted to small-sized hosts (Drosophila melanogaster pupae) as host size may influence the use of different cues for host selection. We showed that, in such a situation, females also discriminate parasitized hosts after an external host exploration with the tip of their ovipositor sheath (third valvulae). We then described the sense organs present on the different parts of the ovipositor by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis. As the extremity of the third valvulae bears only one type of sensilla that appears to be chemoreceptors, we considered these sensilla as highly likely to be involved in host discrimination in P. vindemmiae. To our knowledge, this is the first time that receptors located on the ovipositor sheath are described as implicated in host discrimination in parasitoid wasps. We discuss potential chemical markers that might be detected by these receptors.     

Mitotic cell division in the extraadrenal chromaffin system of various species

Mitotic activity often has been reported in embryonic and fetal sympathetic neuroblasts, principal sympathoblasts, and primitive sympathetic cells in various species at different stages of development. Postnatal adrenal medullary cells also are known to undergo mitosis, but such dividing capabilities rarely have been observed in the true postnatal extraadrenal chromaffin system. Although few in number, this work nevertheless has clearly identified such cells in varying stages of the mitotic cycle in the young dog, Syrian hamster, mouse, rabbit, and rat. The dividing cells were noted in paraaortic chromaffin organs, paraganglia, and within the inferior mesenteric ganglion as well. They displayed the morphological character usually associated with their adrenal medullary catecholaminergic counterparts, including numerous dense-cored vesicles known to be the harbingers of catecholamines and various peptides. Nerve endings were not noticed upon the mitotic cells. The phenomenon of dividing extraadrenal chromaffin cells augments existing data and perhaps suggests that these cells are more endocrine than neural in type and subservient to the adrenal medulla in its classic endocrine function.     

人体器官3D打印的最新进展

三维(3D)打印是当今科研界乃至商业界的一大热点,被认为是第三次工业革命或制造业的新突破点。人体器官打印已被当做概念股炒作上市,吸引了无数人的注意。但器官3D打印还处于刚刚起步阶段,需要做的工作很多。尤其是复杂器官打印面临着巨大的困难和挑战。其中最主要的一个挑战就是分支血管和神经系统的快速构建。近年来已经有大批优秀的科研工作者投入其中,内容涉及人体中各个器官,如骨骼、肾脏、肝脏、心脏、大脑,并取得了一定的成绩。这里分别介绍3D打印技术在大段骨修复材料、血管与血管网、人工肝脏、血管化脂肪组织几方面的最新的研究成果以供大家参考。     

基于数学形态学和模糊聚类的旋转机械故障诊断

提出了一种数学形态学与GG (Gath-Geva)模糊聚类相结合的旋转机械故障诊断方法,通过对滚动轴承信号的多尺度形态运算得到信号的形态谱,定量反映了信号在不同尺度下的形态变化特征.为进一步对滚动轴承信号进行故障识别,提取出基于形态学操作的分形维数和描述不同信号形态特征的指标即形态谱墒,并把这2个参数作为GG聚类的故障特征向量,进行聚类分析,同时对GG聚类与FCM(fuzzy center means)聚类和GK (Gustafaon-Kessel)聚类进行了比较.实验证明了基于数学形态学与GG聚类相结合的机械故障诊断方法的有效性,且证明了GG聚类更适合对不同形状、大小和密度的空间故障数据模糊聚类,聚类效果更好.     

顺序形态滤波处理基因芯片图像

基因芯片图像滤波是基因芯片图像分析的前提.以顺序形态学理论与方法为基础,采用二维复合极值滤波选择适当的滤波窗口,根据芯片样本点阵的特点,先在水平方向上作复合极值滤波,再在垂直方向上作复合极值滤波.运用二维复合极值滤波的伸缩效应,既清除了噪声,又在一定程度上保持荧光点的边界特征.     

基于形态学的木材缺陷检测

介绍了数学形态学灰度形态滤波方法,形态学多结构元素梯度边缘检测算法,给出对木材缺陷图像进行数学形态学运算处理后的图像实例.根据木材内部缺陷的特点,分析了结构元素的选取,提出了一种将数学形态学的灰度形态滤波和形态学双结构元素边缘检测有机结合的方法,对木材缺陷进行边缘检测.实验表明,该方法不仅提高木材内部缺陷检测的可靠性,...     

车道线实时检测的形态学算法及其DSP实现

通过分析传统车道线检测方法易受强噪声影响的特点,提出了基于形态学的车道线实时检测算法,克服了传统算法缺点,算法简单、稳定、可靠;同时介绍了算法在DSP上的实现。经实际对分辨率为736×526的道路图像进行检测,该算法检测速度达到50Hz,完全满足实时性要求。     

化学铣切对2524-T3铝合金薄板表面形貌和性能的影响

对2524-T3铝合金薄板进行化学铣切试验,研究了化学铣切前后薄板的表面形貌、拉伸性能和疲劳性能。结果表明：化学铣切前薄板表面存在尺寸为5~10μm的粗大第二相粒子AlCuMg和氧化物,化学铣切后表面出现大量直径为10~50μm的浅表腐蚀坑,还有第二相粒子部分溶解剥离而残留的微孔洞,表面粗糙度提高;化学铣切对薄板的室温拉伸性能无显著影响,化铣前后的屈服强度不低于330 MPa,抗拉强度不低于460 MPa,断后伸长率保持在20%以上;化铣前后薄板的疲劳强度分别为153.5,138.3 MPa,化铣后疲劳强度相比化铣前下降了9.9%。     

Contour pocketing computation using mathematical morphology

Tool path generation problem is one of the most complexes in computer aided manufacturing (CAM). Although some efficient algorithms have been developed to solve it, their technological dependency makes them efficient in only a limited number of cases. In the article we propose a model that will set apart the geometrical issues involved in the manufacturing process from the purely technology-dependent physical issues by means of a topological system. Presented in the paper there is a method for offsetting any kind of curve regardless of the machining technology (i.e., independent of any tool geometry: spherical, conical, toroidal and so on). Specifically, we use parametric cubic curves, which is one of the most general and popular models in CAD/CAM applications.     

基于中值滤波和形态学的去噪算法

提出了一种基于中值滤波和灰度形态学的去噪算法。首先利用中值滤波和形态学滤波的方法对原始图像进行去噪处理,而后叠加经过高帽变换的图像以增强边缘信息,改善了传统中值滤波算法易造成边缘模糊和对噪声强度敏感的不足。该算法简洁、耗时少。算法的实用性用计算机进行了仿真验证。