激光焊接对镀锌平板力学性能及拉伸断口影响研究

采用光纤激光对海工装备中的镀锌平板进行焊接,对镀锌平板焊接接头母材区、热影响区、焊缝区的微观硬度进行测量,研究了焊接试样的拉伸性能和断口形貌。结果表明,激光焊接接头的强度和硬度均高于母材。焊缝区接头组织获得了低碳马氏体,因而接头硬度不及热影响区高。     

激光焊接对镀锌平板力学性能及拉伸断口影响研究

采用光纤激光对海工装备中的镀锌平板进行焊接,对镀锌平板焊接接头母材区、热影响区、焊缝区的微观硬度进行测量,研究了焊接试样的拉伸性能和断口形貌。结果表明,激光焊接接头的强度和硬度均高于母材。焊缝区接头组织获得了低碳马氏体,因而接头硬度不及热影响区高。     

304不锈钢光纤激光对接焊缝焊接试验研究

采用光纤激光对6 mm的304不锈钢进行对接焊接试验,分别研究了激光功率、焊接速度、离焦量等参数对接头性能的影响。结果表明:激光功率为4 k W,焊接速度0.038 m/s,离焦量为0 mm时,得到较为优异的焊接接头。焊缝区的硬度较高,接头试样抗拉强度是母材的83.0%,可以在断口处发现存在一定的剪切唇,且断口呈撕裂状,韧窝形貌明显,属于韧性断裂。     

9Ni钢激光自熔焊焊接接头组织及性能研究

采用XL-F2000机器人激光焊接机,对9Ni钢进行了激光焊接,并对接头组织和性能进行研究。试验结果表明:9Ni钢的激光自熔焊可以得到熔合良好的焊接接头。随着测试点至焊缝中心距离的增加,硬度呈现先上升、后急剧下降的趋势,在热影响区达到硬度峰值390 HV,基材位置为最低值240 HV,焊缝硬度值为350 HV略低于峰值。拉伸试验断口形貌呈韧窝状,具有明显的韧性断裂特征,试样断裂位置在远离焊缝的基材处,屈服强度和抗拉强度高于基材出厂标准。     

CO2激光焊接接头性能的试验分析

采用同轴和侧吹保护气体控制等离子的方法,对车身专用高强度镀锌钢板的CO2激光焊接接头的性能进行了大量的焊接试验研究,并对焊缝进行显微组织分析和相关的机械性能检测.研究激光焊接高强度镀锌钢板的工艺参数对焊接接头的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率等机械性能指标的影响规律,优化了激光焊接的工艺参数.试验表明随着激光焊接过程中输入线能量的增加,焊缝区的硬度值逐渐下降,拉伸试件断裂的区域、断口韧窝大小及分布情况各不同,且焊缝的拉伸裂纹均向母材扩展,说明激光深熔焊接可以有效地避免高强度镀锌钢板焊接接头的软化.     

用Nd:YAG激光焊接殷钢薄板材料

用Nd:YAG脉冲激光作为焊接热源,对殷钢材料Invar36分别进行了平板单道焊接试验和对焊试验,分析了工艺参数(激光功率、焊接速度、脉冲宽度和离焦量)变化对焊缝的表面形貌、熔宽以及熔透性的影响.检测了0.85 mm厚的殷钢薄板对焊接头的硬度、成分以及拉伸强度.结果表明:激光功率和脉宽是影响焊缝熔深、熔宽和热影响区面积的主要因素;扫描速度对焊缝表面的鱼鳞状条纹间距影响尤为明显;离焦量主要影响焊缝的宽度和熔透性;合理匹配工艺参数能够实现0.85 mm厚度薄板的对焊,并且获得形貌良好的焊缝.焊缝的组织成分没有发生明显变化,拉伸强度和基体强度相当,显微硬度略低于基体硬度.     

激光技术在异种塑料材料焊接中的应用

阐述了激光塑料焊接的基本原理、新方法、特点及其应用。采用端泵浦半导体激光器进行了几种主要塑料间的焊接工艺研究,观察了焊接区域的外观形貌,对焊接试样进行了推力实验。展示了目前已经成功实现工业生产的相关产品。结果表明:激光塑料焊接可以得到与母材色度相近、力学性能良好的焊接试样,证实了激光塑料焊接是一种新兴的更加快速、有效、环保的焊接方式。     

Nd:YAG激光焊接殷钢薄板材料的工艺研究

利用Nd:YAG脉冲激光作为焊接热源,对殷钢材料Invar36分别进行了平板单道焊接试验和对焊试验,分析了工艺参数（激光功率、焊接速度、脉冲宽度和离焦量）变化对焊缝的表面形貌、熔宽以及熔透性的影响。对0.85mm厚度的殷钢薄板对焊接头的硬度和成分的变化以及拉伸强度进行了检测。结果表明：激光功率和脉宽是影响焊缝熔深、熔宽和热影响区大小的主要因素;扫描速度对焊缝表面的鱼鳞状条纹间距影响尤为明显;离焦量主要影响焊缝的宽度和熔透性;合理匹配工艺参数能够实现0.85mm厚度薄板对焊,并且获得形貌良好的焊缝。焊缝的组织成分没有发生明显变化,拉伸强度和基体的相当,显微硬度略低于基体硬度。     

搅拌摩擦焊缝类型对接头拉伸性能及断裂特征的影响

采用三种不同针长的搅拌头对6082-T6铝合金板材进行焊接,获取三种类型的焊缝,即未透对接焊缝、已透对接焊缝和对-搭组合焊缝,通过对焊缝金相观察、拉伸测试和断口分析,得到焊缝类型对接头拉伸性能及断裂特征的影响规律。不同类型焊缝的表面成形区别不大,但内部成形各有特点。未透对接焊缝根部界面处形成未焊合缺陷;已透对接焊缝中无缺陷;对-搭组合焊缝后退侧和前进侧形成“钩状”缺陷。拉伸测试表明,未透对接接头拉伸性能最低,裂纹在未焊合处产生并沿焊核区扩展,接头下部呈现剪切断裂特征,接头上部呈现准解理和剪切混合断裂特征;已透对接接头拉伸性能最高,断裂位置位于前进侧热机影响区,断口呈现出典型的剪切断裂特征;对-搭组合接头拉伸性能居中,裂纹在前进侧“钩状”缺陷处产生并沿焊核区扩展,断口形貌与未透对接接头相似。     

30408不锈钢焊缝高温下力学性能研究

采用氩弧焊(GTAM)打底、手工电弧焊(SMAW)填充及盖面的焊接方法,对接焊接30408奥氏体不锈钢板,以测试母材和带焊缝材料的拉伸性能.结果表明,两种拉伸试样在500℃和600℃温度下均为延性断裂,而在700℃时带有焊缝的试样发生脆性断裂.此外,两种试样温度越高,强度和塑性越低.在500℃时,母材和带焊缝试样的拉伸...     

Investigation on overlap joining of AZ61 magnesium alloy: laser welding, adhesive bonding, and laser weld bonding

This paper presents the research on weldability of magnesium alloy AZ61 sheets by overlap laser welding, adhesive bonding, and laser seam weld bonding processes. Microstructures and mechanical properties of the joints are investigated. In overlap laser welding, the joint fractures at the interface between the sheets and maximum shear strength can reach 85% of that of the base metal. Off-center moment during tensile shear test can lead to the strength loss, while the weld edge can also influence the strength as a cracking source. Adhesive bonded joint can offer high tensile shear failure force but low peel strength. Laser weld bonded joint offers higher tensile shear failure force than either laser welded joint or adhesive bonded joint does, and the improved failure load is due to combined contribution of the weld seam and the adhesive. The weld seam can block the adhesive crack propagation, and the adhesive improves the stress distribution, so they can offer a synergistic effect.     

高氮钢复合焊接接头组织与力学性能研究

热输入对焊接接头组织与力学性能有重要影响。采用激光-电弧复合焊接方法,研究了不同电弧能量和激光能量下的接头组织、焊缝氮含量、拉伸与冲击性能及接头显微硬度。研究表明：焊缝组织为奥氏体+少量δ铁素体,焊缝中析出的δ铁素体随热输入加大而增多;当电流达到200A后,熔池液态金属中氮的溶解近于饱和,即使焊接电流增大,焊缝氮含量依然趋于恒定;而当激光功率增至2.0kW后,焊接过程中的匙孔维持在稳定状态,焊缝氮含量也近于恒定;拉伸断裂位置均在焊缝区,当焊接电流为200A时,平均拉伸强度最高,达到967.58MPa,当激光功率为1.6kW时,平均拉伸强度可达962.88MPa;焊缝冲击功随激光功率的增大呈先降低后升高的变化趋势,但随电流的增大其变化趋势相反;熔合线的冲击功随着焊接参数的变化呈现出相同的变化趋势,焊缝和熔合线的最大平均冲击功分别为47.60J和62.85J;拉伸和冲击的断裂形式均为韧性断裂;焊缝区显微硬度最低,导致拉伸测试时均断裂于焊缝区。     

不锈钢车体搭接接头激光非熔透焊接工艺及其拉剪性能

针对高强不锈钢车体常用的301L不锈钢搭接接头,采用不同光斑直径光纤激光器和焊接工艺参数,进行激光非熔透焊接工艺研究,获得了激光焊接工艺参数对焊缝成形质量、表面热影响痕迹、焊缝熔化形状和接头拉剪性能的影响规律,并对激光焊接工艺参数的优化原则和方法进行了讨论。结果表明,对于0.8mm内板(301L-H)和1.5mm外板(301L-1.4318)组合,当激光聚焦光斑直径不小于0.4mm且功率大于2kW时,能在较大的参数窗口内确保搭接接头外观和力学性能满足要求;对于光斑直径为0.4mm的光纤激光器,为确保无热影响区痕迹,应精确控制熔深小于1.4mm,为确保拉剪性能大于等价电阻焊接头,结合面熔宽应大于0.8mm;对于母材强度高于930MPa的301L-H不锈钢板搭接接头,剪切拉伸断裂位置始终位于内外板结合面的焊缝处,接头承载能力与结合面熔宽线性相关。     

Effects of laser shock processing on mechanical properties of laser welded ANSI 304 stainless steel joint

With the rapid development of engineering component with integration,high-speed and multi-parameter,traditional techniques haven’t met practical needs in extreme service environment.Laser welding,a new welding technology,has been widely used.However,it would generate the drop of mechanical properties for laser welded joint due to its thermal effect.Laser shock processing(LSP) is one of the most effective methods to improve the mechanical properties of laser welded ANSI 304 stainless steel joint.In this paper,the effects of LSP on the mechanical properties of laser welded ANSI 304 stainless steel joint have been investigated.The welded joint on the front of the tensile samples is treated by LSP impacts,and the overlapping rate of the laser spot is 50%.The tensile test of the laser welded joint with and without LSP impacts is carried out,and the fracture morphology of the tensile samples is analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM).Compared with the yield strength of 11.70 kN,the tensile strength of 37.66 kN,the yield-to-tensile strength ratio of 0.310 7,the elongation of 25.20%,the area reduction of 32.68% and the elastic modulus of 13 063.876 MPa,the corresponding values after LSP impacts are 14.25 kN,38.74 kN,0.367 8,26.58%,42.29% and 14 754.394 MPa,respectively.Through LSP impacts,the increasing ratio of the yield strength and tensile strength are 121.79% and 102.87%,respectively;the elongation and area reduction are improved by 5.48% and 29.38%,respectively.By comparing with coarse fracture surface of the welded joint,the delamination splitting with some cracks in the sharp corner of the welded joint and asymmetric dimples,LSP can cause brighter fracture surface,and finer and more uniform dimples.Finally,the schematic illustration of dimple formation with LSP is clearly described.The proposed research ensures that the LSP technology can clearly improve the yield strength,tensile strength,yield-to-tensile strength ratio,elongation,area reduction and elastic modulus of the welded joint.The enhancement mechanism of LSP on laser welded ANSI 304 stainless steel joint is mainly due to the fact that the refined and uniform dimples effectively delay the fracture of laser welded joints.     

铝合金与不锈钢热补偿电阻点焊接头性能研究

采用热补偿工艺垫片电阻点焊法对铝合金A5052与不锈钢SUS304异种材料进行了焊接。探讨了焊接参数对接头的抗剪与抗拉性能的影响,并通过电子显微镜对接合界面区进行了观察,分析了界面反应物形貌及厚度分布等微观特性。研究结果显示：一锯齿状反应层在接合界面生成,其厚度随焊接电流以及界面上位置的变化而变化,界面反应层对接头抗剪强度无影响,但能减弱接头抗拉强度。     

正交实验方法在激光焊接中的应用

为获得优先的激光焊接工艺参数,采用四因素、三水平的正交实验方法设计激光焊接实验,以抗拉强度为标准,获得焊接优化水平参数为电流180A,脉宽3ms,频率30Hz,速度10mm/s.采用金相显微镜、显微硬度计、激光扫描显微镜、万能实验机等设备对焊接接头做金相分析、硬度测试以及拉伸试样断口分析,焊接接头硬度、基材硬度范围为H...     

Effect of plunge speeds on hook geometries and mechanical properties in friction stir spot welding of A6061-T6 sheets

The plunge speed of the tool was divided into two plunge speeds, including pin- and shoulder-plunging speeds, for a detailed study of the plunging process in friction stir spot welding of A6061-T6 sheets. The effect of the pin- and shoulder-plunging speeds on hook geometries and mechanical properties was investigated. The results showed that the shoulder-plunging speed had an obvious effect on the hook geometry and tensile shear load, but the pin-plunging speed had almost no effect. The effective bond width (W _eff) and effective sheet thickness (T _eff) used to describe the hook geometry were important factors for determining the tensile shear load and fracture mode. Two fracture modes were observed: tensile/shear mixed fracture and shear fracture. The largest tensile shear load was obtained when the joint failed in the tensile/shear mixed fracture.     

高强钢低功率脉冲激光诱导熔化极活性气体保护电弧仰焊成形

针对5 mm厚E36高强钢板材,开展了低功率脉冲激光诱导熔化极活性气体保护电弧复合仰焊试验。研究结果表明：相比于熔化极活性气体保护电弧焊,激光诱导熔化极活性气体保护电弧复合焊接接头的焊接热输入可降低29%。复合焊接通过减小焊接熔池尺寸,可有效抑制内凹缺陷的产生,进而增大工艺参数区间。拉伸和弯曲试验表明,无内凹缺陷接头具有良好抗拉强度和弯曲载荷;有内凹缺陷接头抗拉强度与母材相当,但最大弯曲载荷显著降低。     

Characterization and mechanical properties of TiN/TiAlN multilayer coatings with different modulation periods

In this paper, laser welding for the stainless steel lap joint used in the railway vehicle body has been studied based on the analysis of the ultrasonic test. The weld width is evaluated by the analysis of ultrasonic testing signals during the ultrasonic scanning process. The changes of the echo and main frequency are in good agreement with the positions of the probe. The semi-attenuation method and frequency domain analysis are established based on the A-scan signals and frequency spectrum characteristic curves. From the analysis of the error statistics, the frequency domain analysis has a higher accuracy and stability, which can meet the requirements of engineering applications. The equivalent weld width is defined based on the C-scan imaging and the quantitative ultrasonic test is achieved. The tensile shear measurements of welds show that the equivalent weld widths have the same change rules with the values of the tensile shear strength and provide an important basis for the quality evaluation of the laser welding.