厌氧-好氧-过滤法处理树脂废水

通过工程实例,介绍缺氧-好氧-过滤组合工艺处理树脂生产废水的效果及主要设计参数。运行结果表明:CODCr、BOD5及SS的去除率达99.9%,99.95%和98.57%,最终出水水质达到广东省地方标准《水污染物排放限值》(DB44/26-2001)第二时段一级标准。组合工艺处理树脂废水处理效果好,运行费用低,带来了显著的经济效益和环境效益。     

IC-生物接触氧化工艺处理仁怀某白酒废水工程实例及调试

针对贵州省某白酒工业园废水特点,先采用混凝工艺对SS的大部分去除,然后采用IC反应器+接触氧化工艺作为主体工艺承担大部分COD的去除,最终利用曝气生物滤池和活性炭工艺使废水达标排放。经过3个月的调试,该工艺对COD、SS、NH3-N的去除率分别达到99.9%、90%、97%,出水优于国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)的一级排放标准。     

船舶含油污水处理工程实例

秦皇岛某修船厂生产运行过程中产生的含油废水属于典型的“三高”废水,该废水水质水量波动大,污水站现有处理工艺不能达标且无除盐能力。针对该含油废水的高盐、高 COD 特点,采用沉淀隔油调节+破乳沉淀+电催化氧化/电气浮+二级过滤+蒸发结晶脱盐+生化臭氧安保系统工艺来处理。经调试运行实现含油污水达到 GB/T31962-2015 中 A 标准和 GB 8978-1996 中表 4 三级标准,污水中石油类、COD、Cl^-与 TDS 的平均去除率为 97.4%、98%、99.6%、99.6%。     

2,2-二羟甲基丁酸废水处理工程实例

2,2-二羟甲基丁酸废水的COD及甲醛含量高,采用Formose法聚合+铁碳微电解+Fenton氧化+混凝沉淀+UASB+生物滤池工艺对废水进行处理,介绍了工艺选择依据、工艺流程、工艺参数及效果。调试运行结果表明,该处理工艺对COD、甲醛去除率分别达到98%、99.9%,出水COD≤500 mg/L,甲醛质量浓度≤1.0 mg/L,满足工业园区污水处理厂接管标准。     

钢铁生产废水处理工程实例

针对钢铁生产过程中产生的酸洗废水和含油废水,根据水质不同采取分质处理。酸洗废水经中和-混凝沉淀处理,含油废水经破乳-气浮-生物选择-接触氧化组合工艺处理。酸洗废水和含油废水经处理后达到GB13456—2012《钢铁工业水污染物排放标准》表3标准。介绍了酸洗废水和含油废水的水质特征、处理工艺选择过程、主要处理构筑物和设计参数、工程运行效果。     

浅谈油库含油污水处理技术

本文分析了油库含油污水的来源、分类及危害,阐述了油库含油污水处理工艺,分析了含油污水水质特性,提出减少含油污水产生的措施,通过实践表明该工艺处理效果好、运行稳定,处理后的污水可以达到国家要求的排放标准。     

PAC-PFS絮凝-膜分离法处理含油废水

采用PAC-PFS絮凝-膜分离法处理含油废水。通过对几种不同的絮凝剂比较,选择较好的絮凝剂,研究了PAC和PFS的原料配比、投加量、絮凝时间对含油废水中的油、CODcr、SS去除率的影响,同时研究了进料流量和操作压力对膜性能的影响,得到了较为适宜的工艺条件。经处理后的含油废水中油、CODcr、SS的去除率分别达到98%、96%、96%以上,出水水质达到国家一级排放标准。     

Fenton氧化+水解酸化+接触氧化+MBR工艺处理船舶含油废水实例

针对船舶含油污水所具有的高含油量、高COD、可生化性低的特点,设计“隔油+气浮+Fenton氧化+混凝沉淀+水解酸化+接触氧化+MBR+消毒”的污水处理工艺进行处理。项目运行结果显示,该工艺对船舶含油污水具有较好的处理效果,实际处理污水9.9×10⁴ m³/a,COD、氨氮的去除率达98.00%和98.30%,出水水质满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准。     

UASB-A/O-UF-NF-RO组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液工程实例

辽宁某垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工程采用物化预处理(细格栅+调节池)+生化处理(UASB+A/O+UF)+膜深度处理(NF/RO)工艺,处理规模为200 m~3/d。工程运行结果表明,该工程处理效率高,处理出水水质稳定,实现"零排放"。系统出水COD、BOD5、SS、NH_3~-N、TN的去除率分别为99.6%、99.8%、99.9%、99.9%、99.1%,达到辽宁省污水综合排放标准(DB 21/1627-2008)表2要求。     

石油污染土壤淋洗修复产生含油废水的处理研究

以石油污染土壤淋洗修复产生的含油废水为研究对象,采用复配絮凝剂-超滤膜组合工艺处理含油废水,考察了絮凝剂的配比、加入量、pH、搅拌速度和搅拌时间以及超滤膜的进料流量和压力等因素对废水处理效果的影响。实验结果表明,废水处理的最佳工艺条件:复配絮凝剂由质量分数5%的PFS和质量分数5%的PAC组成,投加量分别为30、10mL/L,助凝剂为质量分数0.05%的PAM,投加量为1mL/L,搅拌速度为120r/min,搅拌时间为9min;进料流量为50L/h、压力控制在0.5MPa。最佳条件下,最终出水含油质量浓度0.14mg/L、CODCr41mg/L、SS1mg/L,均达到了《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978—1996)中的一级排放标准和回注水标准。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。