原位反应渗透法制备石墨/AlN涂层材料

采用喷射法在石墨基体表面形成BN薄层,利用Al与BN原位渗透反应并渗入石墨基体,在基体获得AlN涂层来增强石墨的抗腐蚀能力.采用DTA、XRD分析方法,对原位反应过程进行分析,并探索了热处理工艺条件对反应物相结构的影响,确定了的最佳热处理工艺条件.采用SEM分析方法,对喷射工艺参数以及AlN涂层/石墨微观结构进行分析;采用EPMA对合成AlN涂层/石墨进行元素分布分析.结果表明:采用原位合成工艺可获得致密结构的AlN涂层,同时在石墨基体与涂层之间形成致密的结合界面.     

原位合成Ti_2 AlN/TiAl复合材料900°C时效过程中的组织演化及氮化物沉淀相析出(英文)

对原位合成Ti2AlN/TiAl复合材料在原位合成及时效热处理条件下的显微组织特征进行分析,并对Ti2AlN/TiAl复合材料进行1400°C,0.5 h固溶及900°C,24 h时效热处理,研究其氮化物沉淀析出。结果表明,原位合成复合材料的显微组织由γ+α2片层团、等轴γ晶粒和Ti2AlN增强相组成。经固溶和时效处理后,获得近全片层基体结构。随着Ti2AlN含量的增加,基体近全片层结构变得不稳定。对时效后的复合材料进行TEM研究,发现在片层团晶粒边界上分布着细小的Ti2AlN沉淀相。在γ-TiAl基体内,针状Ti3AlN沉淀相以其轴向平行于基体[001]方向排列,而另一种具有较大尺寸的Ti3AlN沉淀相则在位错处沉淀析出。     

Ti/AlN/Ti/AlN复合涂层的制备和阻氘性能研究

为提高AlN涂层的稳定性和阻氚性能,提出“Ti-AlN”复合结构涂层。采用磁控溅射法在316L不锈钢基体表面制备了结构致密、总厚度约500 nm的Ti/AlN/Ti/AlN复合涂层。对涂层样品进行不同的真空热处理后,采用SEM、XRD、AES等手段分析涂层样品在热处理前后的微观形貌和结构变化,并对样品在200-600 ℃的阻氘性能进行测试和分析。结果表明,仅热处理温度为760 ℃时,Ti-AlN界面反应生成少量的Al3Ti相。在所有涂层样品中,热处理温度为700 ℃、升温速率为1.5 ℃/min的复合涂层表现出最优的阻氘性能,其600 ℃的PRF（Permeation Reduction Factor）高达536。当热处理温度升高至760 ℃或升温速率达到2.5 ℃/min时,表层AlN层的开裂程度更为严重,并导致涂层的阻氘性能显著降低。另外,所有涂层样品的PRF（阻氘性能）均随渗透温度的降低而急剧减小,表明氘气渗透过程中的温度变化会导致复合涂层阻氘性能失效。     

激光熔覆原位合成Cop/Cu复合涂层

采用激光熔覆快速凝固技术,原位合成了C为p/Cu复合材料涂层,应用扫描电镜及能谱附件研究了激光工艺参数对涂层显微组织的影响.结果表明,激光熔池大的过冷度条件,有利于Cu-Co合金的液相分离.在优化的激光熔覆工艺条件下.可原位合成表面光滑、均匀连续的致密Cop/Cu复合涂层,涂层组织由大量细小的均匀分布在铜基固溶体基体上的富γ-Co球形颗粒组成.随着热输入的降低,颗粒相的尺寸得到细化.对Cop/Cu复合涂层组织的形成和细化机理进行了分析.     

原位自生TiAl3增强Al基复合材料的组织结构及形成机理研究

采用冷喷涂技术沉积Ti-80Al（wt.%）复合涂层,通过热处理获得了原位自生TiAl3金属间化合物颗粒增强Al基复合材料涂层。采用SEM、EDS和XRD等分析了冷喷涂Ti/Al复合涂层在不同热处理温度下的组织结构演变规律及Ti、Al粒子间原位扩散反应过程,并对TiAl3金属间化合物的形成机理进行了探讨。结果表明,冷喷涂Ti/Al复合涂层组织致密,其相结构与喷涂粉末完全相同,450℃热处理后涂层局部区域发生Ti、Al间的固态扩散反应,并在Ti、Al粒子界面原位形成TiAl3金属间化合物,随着热处理温度升高,TiAl3金属间化合物的含量显著增加,600℃热处理后,Ti/Al复合涂层中的Ti粒子全部转变为TiAl3金属间化合物,获得原位自生TiAl3颗粒增强的Al基复合材料.     

原位自生TiAl_3增强Al基复合材料的组织结构及形成机理

采用冷喷涂技术沉积Ti-80Al(质量分数,%)复合涂层,通过热处理获得了原位自生TiAl_3金属间化合物颗粒增强Al基复合材料涂层。采用SEM、EDS和XRD等分析了冷喷涂Ti/Al复合涂层在不同热处理温度下的组织结构演变规律及Ti、Al粒子间原位扩散反应过程,并对TiAl_3金属间化合物的形成机理进行了探讨。结果表明,冷喷涂Ti/Al复合涂层组织致密,其相结构与喷涂粉末完全相同,450℃热处理后涂层局部区域发生Ti、Al间的固态扩散反应,并在Ti、Al粒子界面原位形成TiAl_3金属间化合物,随着热处理温度升高,TiAl_3金属间化合物的含量显著增加,600℃热处理后,Ti/Al复合涂层中的Ti粒子全部转变为TiAl_3金属间化合物,获得原位自生TiAl_3颗粒增强的Al基复合材料。     

热处理温度对BN界面涂层微观结构和相稳定性的影响

采用化学气相渗透工艺在SiC纤维表面制备BN界面涂层,在比沉积温度更高的温度下分别对涂层进行热处理.采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、拉曼光谱、X射线光电子能谱等技术,对BN界面涂层的微观结构和化学成分进行分析,并对涂层进行相稳定性能研究.结果表明:在850℃沉积的BN界面涂层分别在1050、1150、1250℃下进行热处理,B...     

反应爆炸喷涂制备Ti-B-C-N陶瓷涂层的显微结构分析

对Ti-B4C-Co粉末进行了喷雾造粒法处理,获得了粉末直径为10~50μm的球形度良好的喷涂粉末,并在750℃真空热处理1 h,粉末中含氧量大大降低。以热处理后的造粒粉为喷涂材料,采用反应爆炸喷涂法获得了厚度为50~70μm的Ti-B-C-N复合涂层,对不同工艺参数下的涂层物相、显微结构以及人工海水中的电化学行为进行了分析。结果表明,在不同参数下获得的涂层物相有所差异,涂层中均含氧化物。在氧乙炔比为1∶0.85的工艺条件下获得的涂层较致密,涂层较厚。不同工艺参数下获得的涂层在电解液中性能稳定,自腐蚀电位均高于碳钢基体,存在明显的钝化区,涂层的耐蚀性得到了显著提高,氧乙炔比为1∶0.85的工艺条件下获得的涂层耐蚀性更佳。     

碳/碳复合材料表面声电沉积/碱热处理复合工艺制备羟基磷灰石生物活性涂层研究

通过碱热处理工艺对碳/碳复合材料表面阴极声电沉积的磷酸钙生物陶瓷涂层进行处理,使其转变为磷灰石涂层,采用SEM,EDAX,FTIR,XRD等研究了涂层组成、结构和形貌的变化,并采用拉伸测试评价了涂层与基体的结合力,用SEM观察了涂层的断口形貌.结果表明：用声电沉积技术获得的片状透钙磷石涂层经碱热处理后而得到磷灰石涂层,涂层与基体形成了化学键合,且结合紧密,涂层的形貌没有显著变化,但涂层的致密度有所增加;拉伸测试表明涂层与基体的结合强度最大可达4.2 MPa 以上,涂层的失效部位主要在涂层内部,其失效方式为涂层的内聚破坏和界面脱粘.     

氮气流量及后续热处理对多弧离子镀制备Ti2AlN涂层的影响规律

利用电弧离子镀技术在1Cr18Ni9Ti基材上低温沉积Ti-Al-N涂层,研究氮气流量及热处理工艺对涂层微观组织结构的影响。结果表明,沉积态涂层中不含三元层状陶瓷Ti_2AlN MAX相,可能含有Ti_3AlN(反钙钛矿结构)、TiN、α-Ti、fcc-Al及Ti_xAl_y金属间化合物等。涂层经退火后在一定条件下可以形成Ti_2AlN。涂层中的N元素含量及退火温度对Ti_2AlN的形成起到重要作用。N元素含量过多不利于Ti_2AlN的形成;提高退火温度可以促进Ti_2AlN的形成。透射电镜(TEM)分析结果表明,退火过程中Ti_2AlN的形成伴随着涂层微观组织结构的转变,从明显的层状结构转变为细小的等轴晶结构。     

化学镀Ni-B和Ni-B/BN镀层微动磨损性能研究

采用化学镀液相沉积技术,以钛合金TA7为基体材料,分别镀覆Ni-B合金镀层和Ni-B/BN自润滑复合镀层,对镀层进行微动磨损性能测试和镀层表面形貌观察.结果表明:在微动磨损过程中完全滑移状态下,Ni-B/BN镀层中六方BN微粒具有类似石墨层状结构,该Ni-B/BN镀层具有自润滑性能,使其摩擦因数比Ni-B镀层低,即Ni-B/BN复合镀层在滑移区耐微动磨损性能要优于化学镀Ni-B二元合金镀层.     

Structural evolution of mechanically alloyed Al-12Si/TiB2/h-BN composite powder coating by atmospheric plasma spraying

In the present study, mechanically alloyed Al-12Si/TiB₂/h-BN composite powder was deposited onto an aluminum substrate by atmospheric plasma spraying. The effect of mechanical alloying (MA) and plasma spray parameters on composite powder and coating structure were investigated. It has been observed that the MA process has a significant effect on the composite powder morphology and reactivity between the selective powders. Results also demonstrate that, at relatively high milling time h-BN decomposes into B and N and forms a solid solution. Also, it has been found that, the relative amount of the in-situ formed AlN through the reaction between h-BN and Al and/or the decomposition of Al-B-N solid solution is independent from the plasma parameters (arc current and secondary gas flow rate). However, spray parameters remarkably affects the coating hardness due to coarsening of Si during the solidification of the coating.     

可加工AlN-BN复合陶瓷的制备

以碳热还原法合成的 AlN 粉末和市售 BN 粉末为原料,添加 5%Y2O3 为烧结助剂,利用无压烧结制备 AlN-15BN复合陶瓷,研究了烧结温度对 AlN-15BN 复合陶瓷相变、致密度、微观结构以及性能的影响,结果表明:Y2O3 可与 AlN粉末表面的 Al2O3 发生反应生成液相促进烧结,随着烧结温度的升高,复合陶瓷的致密度、热导率和硬度逐渐增加,片状的 BN 形成的卡片房式结构会阻碍复合陶瓷的收缩和致密。在 1 850℃烧结 3 h,可以制备出相对密度为 86.4%,热导率为104.6 W?m-1?K-1,硬度为 HRA56.2的 AlN-15BN复合陶瓷。研究表明,通过添加加工性能良好的 BN制备可加 AIN-BN复合陶瓷,是解决 AIB 陶瓷复杂形状成形问题的一个重要途径。     

Corrosion Behavior of an Abradable Seal Coating System

A novel NiTi/BN composite abradable coating and two traditional Ni/C and Ni/BN coatings were manufactured with NiAl as the bond layer using thermal spray technology and their corrosion behaviors were investigated. In salt spray corrosion testing of the Ni/BN coating, defective sites of the metal matrix were corroded preferentially. Simulated occlusion experiments and electrochemical tests indicated that migration of ions resulted in pH decrease and Cl^? enrichment in defects, and a more aggressive electrolyte led to a decrease of the corrosion potential of the metal inside defects but an increase of the corrosion current density, representing an autocatalytic corrosion process. Moreover, galvanic corrosion between the top and bond coatings of the abradable system was studied via the electrochemical technique. The results showed that, for the NiTi/BN, Ni/BN, and Ni/graphite coatings with a NiAl bond coating, current flow was generated between the anode and cathode. The NiTi/BN coating acted as the cathode due to its passivation, while the Ni/BN and Ni/graphite coatings acted as the anode because of their lower corrosion potential compared with the NiAl coating. The anode suffered serious corrosion damage due to galvanic corrosion, while the cathode corroded only slightly.     

Resistance to oxidation and ablation of SiC coating on graphite prepared by chemical vapor reaction

A thick SiC coating was prepared on graphite by chemical vapor reaction. The coating reveals a typical crystalline structure with limited porosity and combines well with the substrate. Oxidation tests demonstrate that the coating has a weak self-healing ability at 1100 K and good self-healing ability at temperatures from 1623 to 1823 K. An oxyacetylene torch test verifies that the prepared coating can effectively protect graphite from ablation for 50 s. After the ablation test, the silica microspheres and other interesting silica structures such as microwires, microparticles, microflowers, nanowires and nanoparticles are formed at the ablation center and its surroundings.     

电沉积Cu-纳米AlN复合涂层的耐腐蚀性研究

利用复合电镀方法制备Cu-纳米AlN复合涂层。利用金相显微镜和SEM观察,结果显示镀层表面形成了厚度为40μm左右的均匀复合镀层,XRD测试表明该合金镀层为Cu和AlN,采用浸泡腐蚀失重法和测定极化曲线比较了纯铜镀层和复合镀层的耐腐蚀性能,结果表明：Cu-纳米AlN复合涂层耐蚀性优于纯铜镀层。     

Protective Properties of Aluminum Nitride Coatings by DC-PVD Sputtering on Cu-10Al-13Mn Shape Memory Alloy

The AlN coating was applied on the surface of a Cu-10Al-13Mn alloy using the DC-PVD sputtering method. The substrate was set at three different temperatures which were ambient, 100 and 200 °C. The effect of the substrate temperature on the quality of AlN coating was modeled by simulating stress on the coating and substrate. The preparation, microstructure, and corrosion resistance of the coating were studied. The surface morphology and element distribution of the coating were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy distribution spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. In addition, the corrosion resistance of coating was measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method in 1 M NaCl solution. The results showed that the AlN coating was formed on the Cu-10Al-13Mn alloy by DC-PVD sputtering method and the AlN coating considerably improved the corrosion resistance of Cu-10Al-13Mn alloy in the given corrosive media. According to EIS test, polarization resistance increased from approximately 1.6 to 115 KΩ, at 200 °C for uncoated and coated samples, respectively. Thus, corrosion resistance of AlN coating improved with the increase in the substrate temperature during the DC-PVD sputtering process.     

In Situ Synthesis of Ceramic Reinforcements for Carbon/CuCrZr Joints Brazed with Composite Fillers

Brazing of two kinds of carbon materials including graphite and carbon fiber-reinforced carbon composites to copper alloys has been realized with CuTiH₂ + BN composite fillers. The microstructure characterization reveals that the ceramic reinforcements containing TiN particles and TiB whiskers have been synthesized by in situ reaction of BN additives with Ti discomposed from TiH₂ in the composite filler. The filler layer of the joints is mainly composed of Cu-based solid solutions [Cu (ss)] and Ti-Cu intermetallics along with ceramic reinforcements. Furthermore, a continuous thin reaction layer mainly containing TiC is developed at the interface close to the carbon substrates. The growth of TiC layer is mainly controlled by the diffusion of carbon from the substrates into the liquid filler through the TiC layer formed. The interface evolution of the graphite/CuCrZr joints has been discussed. The electrical resistivity of the joining area is relatively low, which highly meets the requirement for the carbon commutator applications.     

Ni/AlN Composite Coating for Corrosion and Elements Interdiffusion Resistance in Molten Fluoride Salts System

The Ni/AlN composite coating was prepared for increasing corrosion and elements interdiffusion resistance of GH3535 alloy in molten fluoride salts,and the effect of mechanical interlocking on adhesion strength between AlN layer and nickel coating was also studied.Results indicated that the adhesion strength between AlN layer and nickel coating could be signifi-cantly enhanced through mechanical interlocking effect,which effectively prevented the nickel coating from flaking off at elevated temperature.Through an etching pre-treatment of AlN layer,the corrosion resistance of the Ni/AlN coated GH3535 alloy in molten FLiNaK salt was further improved,and elements interdiffusion between the substrate and nickel coating was completely suppressed.AlN layer as a diffusion barrier remained compact and continuous in Ni/GH3535 system after high-temperature molten salt corrosion.Moreover,a Ni-P layer consisting of Ni3P and Ni phases formed in the Ni coating after corrosion.     

BT20钛合金电火花沉积TiC涂层的微观组织研究

以石墨为电极,采用电火花沉积的方法在BT20钛合金表面制备TiC强化涂层。通过XRD、SEM、EDS和EPMA等检测手段对涂层的微观组织进行研究。结果表明：TiC强化层是反应涂层,强化相TiC由电极元素C和基体元素Ti反应生成。涂层的厚度不均匀,但涂层与基体实现了冶金结合。