混杂纤维混凝土早龄期抗裂性能试验研究

选取强度等级CF40和CF50混凝土,在混杂纤维混凝土配合比三元叠加法试验基础上确定配合比:在钢纤维体积分数固定为1%时,聚丙烯纤维掺量在0.3～1.5 kg/m3内按级差0.3 kg/m3取5个水平;在聚丙烯纤维掺量为0.9 kg/m3时,钢纤维体积分数在0.5%～2.0%内按级差0.5%取4个水平,研究纤维的不同掺量对混凝土早龄期抗裂性能的影响以及试件裂缝形态的变化.结果表明,钢-聚丙烯纤维混杂具有耦合提高混凝土早龄期抗裂性能的作用,早龄期抗裂性能随纤维掺量的增加而提高;钢纤维体积分数和聚丙烯纤维掺量存在合理有效值.纤维混杂可以协同阻裂和限裂,使混凝土裂缝由宽、长形态调整为细、短形态.     

碳纤维/树脂基复合材料导电性能研究

研究了短切碳纤维／乙烯基酯树脂导电性与短切碳纤维含量、长径比、纤维取向的关系及其PIC效应。短切碳纤维长径比越大、取向角越小，材料的渗虑阈值越低，导电性越好。渗虑阈值之后，纤维含量越低，PTC效应越明显，转变温度越低；实验还发现体积膨胀是导致PTC效应的主要因素之一，通过分析PTC效应与体积膨胀之间的关系，得出渗滤区域材料的导电性受导电通路与隧道效应的综合影响，当纤维含量较高时，导电性能基本只受导电通路的控制。     

炭黑填充复合材料电性能的研究

研究了炭黑种类、用量、粒径及结构度对橡胶导电性能的影响。结果表明 :炭黑的填充量大 ,粒径较小 ,结构度较高时能赋予橡胶较低的体积电阻率 ;炭黑填充型橡胶有较好的导电稳定性     

掺合镀铜织物纤维电磁屏蔽砂浆性能研究

为了研究纤维掺量、长度等因素对掺合镀铜织物纤维电磁屏蔽砂浆力学性能、导电性能、电磁屏蔽效能(shielding effectiveness, SE)的影响规律,设计了强度试验、电阻率试验和屏蔽效能试验研究了各因素对金属纤维砂浆性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:金属纤维能够增强砂浆的力学性能和导电性能,纤维砂浆抗折强度比普通砂浆增加14.2%~17.8%,抗压强度增加7.3%~23.1%,电阻率仅为普通砂浆的3.5%。掺加金属纤维后能够提高砂浆中高频电磁屏蔽效能,厚度为2 cm的金属纤维砂浆的体积分数为1%时SE值最高; SE值随着纤维长度的增加逐渐增大,长度为20 mm的金属纤维砂浆在0~700 MHz和2 000~3 000 MHz波频范围SE值较普通砂浆增加约10 dB;砂浆厚度对屏蔽效能影响明显,厚度为3 cm的纤维砂浆SE值几乎为厚度为2 cm的纤维砂浆的2倍,两种厚度砂浆的SE值均超过20 dB,最大值为50 dB。结论可为电磁屏蔽砂浆在民用建筑中的推广和应用提供借鉴。     

Fabrication of Graphene/Cu Composite by Chemical Vapor Deposition and Effects of Graphene Layers on Resultant Electrical Conductivity

Graphene(Gr)has unique properties including high electrical conductivity;Thus,graphene/copper(Gr/Cu)composites have attracted increasing attention to replace traditional Cu for electrical applications. However,the problem of how to control graphene to form desired Gr/Cu composite is not well solved. This paper aims at exploring the best parameters for preparing graphene with different layers on Cu foil by chemical vapor deposition(CVD)method and studying the effects of different layers graphene ...     

混杂纤维对高性能混凝土拉压比的影响

为研究低掺量钢-聚丙烯混杂纤维对高性能混凝土拉压比的影响,采用正交试验法设计了18组混杂纤维高性能混凝土试件及1组普通高性能混凝土对比试件,通过标准试验方法进行立方体抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度试验,试验中考虑的因素主要是钢纤维的特征参数(类型、体积率、长径比)和聚丙烯纤维体积率.分析各因素对高性能混凝土拉压比的影响,结果表明:混杂纤维高性能混凝土具有明显延性破坏特征,而普通高性能混凝土表现为脆性破坏,混杂纤维的掺入使高性能混凝土的拉压比最大提高了26.2%,平均提高了9.9%.在影响高性能混凝土拉压比的四个因素中,钢纤维类型的影响最大,其次是聚丙烯纤维的体积率,影响最小的是钢纤维长径比.高性能混凝土中掺入适量钢-聚丙烯混杂纤维后,拉压比显著提高,韧性得到明显改善.     

Electrically conductive concrete for heating using steel bars as electrodes

The steel bars with good electrical conductivity were used as two kinds of electrodes in the making of carbon fiber (CF) electrically conductive concrete for heating. The results of the pertinent experiments illustrate the design is viable. The change in electrical resistivity over three years’ hydration time was studied when steel bars were used as lateral face electrodes and top bottom surface electrodes respectively. The temperature rise test was conducted to verify the heating properties of two kinds of concrete. Not only the study can reduce the CF volume content of electrically conductive concrete for heating to 0.58% or 0.36% according to different design, but also it will enhance the carrying capacity of the concrete roadway for heating.     

融雪化冰用碳纤维混凝土的导电性能研究

阐述了将用于路面融雪化冰的导电性能优良的碳纤维混凝土的制作过程，特别说明了一种效果较好的电极的制作方法，并通过实验分析了该种导电混凝土电阻率与碳纤维的种类、电极大小的关系以及电阻随龄期及温度的变化情况，结果说明制作出的导电混凝土具有良好的性能，可用于工程实际。     

SFRC subjected to domestic sewage and sustained load

The article aimed to study the durability of steel fiber reinforced concrete under the coupled sewage-loading according to compressive strength,flexural strength,compressive strength corrosion coefficient,flexural strength corrosion coefficient,compressive strength balance coefficient,flexural strength balance coefficient.Through the homemade load frame applied to design specimens,the pre-loading level are equivalent the damage intensity of 0%,10%,30% and 50% four different ways.The experimental results show that the performance of concrete down gradually and sustaining load aggravated the degree of domestic sewage attacking concrete after six month;under different stress states,the more loading levels,the more serious domestic sewage attacked the steel fiber reinforced concrete.It is proved that the concrete damage can be inhibited by adding the steel fiber,when steel fiber volume fraction is 1.0%,the corrosion resistance of concrete is best.     

混杂纤维高性能混凝土深梁斜截面抗裂度计算方法

为研究混杂纤维(钢纤维/聚丙烯纤维)高性能混凝土深梁的斜截面抗裂度,采用正交试验法设计了18组混杂纤维高性能混凝土深梁试件和2组未掺纤维的普通高性能混凝土深梁对比试件.通过静载作用下的受剪试验,探讨了钢纤维的特征参数(类型、体积率、长径比)、聚丙烯纤维体积率、水平分布钢筋配筋率及竖向分布钢筋配筋率等6个因素对高性能混凝土深梁斜截面抗裂度的影响,通过正交试验的直观分析法比较了各个因素对斜截面抗裂度的影响顺序.试验结果表明:掺入适量的混杂纤维(钢纤维/聚丙烯纤维)后,无腹筋高性能混凝土深梁斜截面抗裂度提高幅度可达34.9%,有腹筋高性能混凝土深梁斜截面抗裂度提高幅度可达83.8%.基于现行规范提出了与钢纤维部分增强钢筋混凝土深梁相衔接的混杂纤维(钢纤维/聚丙烯纤维)高性能混凝土深梁斜截面抗裂度的计算公式,可为工程设计提供参考.     

碳纤维石墨导电沥青砂浆压敏性能研究

以碳纤维与石墨作为导电相材料,通过室内制备导电沥青砂浆试验,分析了不同碳纤维掺量、石墨掺量、石墨碳纤维两相复合对沥青砂浆电阻率的影响;通过循环加载试验分析了材料的压敏性及可逆性;引入电阻率变化率Fn、单位应力下电阻率变化值Kn两个参数,通过数理统计,探讨了不同循环加载次数下Fn、Kn变化的规律与趋势。试验结果表明:碳纤维与石墨的掺入可以有效降低沥青砂浆的电阻率;材料电导率随压应力的增加而增加,随压应力的卸载而下降,有较好的压敏性;Fn、Kn随循环加载次数有很好的相关关系;随着循环荷载次数的增加,单位应力下电阻率变化值减小,机敏可逆性趋于稳定;进一步改善材料设计,减少材料的塑性变形,对保证初期检测结果的可靠性十分重要。     

悬沙矿物组分对盐度测量的影响

选用石英砂、高岭土及两者的混合物模拟悬沙矿物,利用温盐深剖面仪CTD75M测定不同初始盐度和悬沙浓度下的水体盐度. 试验结果表明,测量盐度随初始盐度的减小、悬沙浓度的增大以及矿物组分密度的减小而减小. 运用有效介质渗透模型和Maxwell电导率模型分析含沙盐水的电导率;试验数据与电导率理论公式拟合良好,显示悬沙所占体积是影响相对电导率的主要因素. 对已有文献的试验数据进行分析,结果表明：基于悬沙浓度的经验盐度修正公式在悬沙密度不同的沿海海域并不适用,具有区域局限性. 为此提出基于悬沙体积分数的理论盐度修正公式,提高公式的适用范围.     

钢纤维混凝土抗冻性能试验研究

为了研究钢纤维混凝土的抗冻性能,采用快冻法进行了0%、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%五种不同钢纤维掺量的混凝土在水中和3.5%氯化钠溶液中冻融试验。通过分析冻融循环次数和钢纤维体积率对钢纤维混凝土冻融后质量损失、劈裂强度损失和相对动弹性模量变化的影响,分析了冻融环境下钢纤维对混凝土的增强机理。并且用压汞法和SEM从微观上研究了钢纤维混凝土的孔径分布特征,讨论了微观结构对其抗冻性能的影响。研究表明,在冻融循环作用下掺入适量的钢纤维能够减小混凝土内部的孔隙率、增加密实度,有效阻止混凝土内部微裂缝的产生与发展,提高混凝土的抗冻性能。钢纤维掺量对混凝土抗冻性影响显著,掺量为1.5%时,钢纤维对混凝土抗冻性能改善效果最好。     

Control of combustion area using electrical resistivity method for underground coal gasification

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is one of the clean technologies to collect heat energy and gases (hydrogen, methane, etc.) in an underground coal seam. It is necessary to further developing environmentally friendly UCG system construction. One of the most important UCG’s problems is underground control of combustion area for efficient gas production, estimation of subsidence and gas leakage to the surface. For this objective, laboratory experiments were conducted according to the UCG model to identify the process of combustion cavity development by monitoring the electrical resistivity activity on the coal samples to setup fundamental data for the technology engineering to evaluate combustion area. While burning coal specimens, that had been sampled from various coal deposits, electrical resistivity was monitored. Symmetric four electrodes system (ABMN) of direct and low-frequency current electric resistance method was used for laboratory resistivity measurement of rock samples. Made research and the results suggest that front-end of electro conductivity activity during heating and combusting of coal specimen depended on heating temperature. Combusting coal electro conductivity has complicated multistage type of change. Electrical resistivity method is expected to be a useful geophysical tool to for evaluation of combustion volume and its migration in the coal seam.     

Dynamic mechanical behaviour of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concretes

Ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concretes （UHPFRC） were prepared by replacing 60% of cement with ultra-fine industrial waste powder. The dynamic mechanical behaviour of UHPFRC with different fiber volume fraction was researched on repeated compressive impact in four kinds of impact modes through split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB）. The experimental results show that the peak stress and elastic modulus decrease and the strain rate and peak strain increase gradually with the increasing of impact times. The initial material damage increases and the peak stress of the specimen decreases from the second impact with the increasing of the initial incident wave. Standard strength on repeated impact is defined to compare the ability of resistance against repeated impact among different materials. The rate of reduction of standard strength is decreased by fiber reinforcement under repeated impact. The material damage is reduced and the ability of repeated impact resistance of UHPFRC is improved with the increasing of fiber volume fraction.     

Charactersitics of Stress-strain Curve of High Strength Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Uniaxial Tension

A whole of 110 specimens divided into 22 groups were tested with varying the volume fraction of steel fibers and the matrix strength of these specimens. The stress-strain behaviors of four types of steel fiber reinforced concrete （SFRC） under uniaxial tension were studied experimentally. When the matrix strength and the fiber content increase, the tensile stress and tensile strain vary differently according to the fiber type. The mechanisms of reinforcing effect for different types of fiber were analyzed and the stress-strain curves of the specimens were plotted. Some experimental factors for stress or strain of SFRC were given. A tensile toughness modulus Re0.5 was introduced to evaluate the toughness characters of SFRC under uniaxial tension. Moreover, the formula of the tensile stress-strain curve of SFRC was regressed. The theoretical curve and the experimental ones fit well, which can be used for references in construction.     

钢纤维再生混凝土劈拉强度试验研究

通过钢纤维再生混凝土立方体试件的劈拉强度试验,研究了钢纤维体积分数(0.0%～2.0%)、3种钢纤维类型(MF,SF,BF)、再生粗骨料处理方式以及试件尺寸变化对再生混凝土劈拉性能的影响.结果表明:钢纤维的加入显著提高了再生混凝土的劈拉强度,当纤维体积分数超过1.5%后,钢纤维再生混凝土的劈拉强度接近甚至超过天然钢纤维混凝土;钢纤维类型对再生骨料钢纤维混凝土影响显著,钢纤维对再生混凝土和天然混凝土的增强效果比较接近,其中BF钢纤维增强效果最好;尺寸效应对钢纤维再生混凝土的影响比天然钢纤维混凝土显著;再生骨料处理方法对钢纤维再生混凝土的劈拉强度也有一定的影响;现行钢纤维混凝土劈拉强度计算公式仍适用于钢纤维再生混凝土.     

粗合成纤维活性粉末混凝土抗弯韧性试验

为研究不同粗合成纤维用量下活性粉末混凝土的抗弯韧性,采用四点弯曲试验对粗合成纤维用量分别为4．75,9．5,14．25,19 kg ？ m -3的纤维活性粉末混凝土试件进行了研究,同时与不掺入纤维的素活性粉末混凝土进行了对比分析。结果表明：不掺入纤维的素活性粉末混凝土弯拉试件发生脆性破坏,试件一裂即断,未得到荷载-挠度曲线的下降段;而粗合成纤维掺入后能够提高活性粉末混凝土的韧性,使弯拉试件转变为明显的延性破坏,荷载-挠度曲线都可得到稳定的下降段,同时曲线还出现了二次强化现象,有2个峰值;随着粗合成纤维掺量的增加,弯拉试件荷载-挠度曲线的下降段愈加平缓,韧性指数增大;粗合成纤维掺量（体积分数）为1．0％～2．0％时,剩余强度在抗折强度的85％以上,此时粗合成纤维对裂后基体具有较强的阻裂能力,能够大大提高弯拉试件开裂后的韧性。     

钢纤维高强混凝土梁柱节点抗裂性能试验研究

通过对8个钢筋钢纤维高强混凝土梁柱边节点的低周反复加载试验,分析了钢纤维体积分数、节点核心区配箍率、柱端轴压比等因素对节点抗裂性能的影响.结果表明,随着轴压比和钢纤维体积分数的适当增加,节点的抗裂性能显著提高,配箍率对节点抗裂性能的影响较小.最后在试验研究和理论分析的基础上,给出了钢纤维高强混凝土梁柱节点抗裂强度的计算方法.     

混杂纤维高性能混凝土深梁的剪切延性

采用正交设计法对18组混杂纤维高性能混凝土(HPC)深梁和2组普通高性能混凝土深梁进行受剪试验,通过定义剪切延性指标对深梁的剪切延性进行定量分析,利用直观分析法比较了钢纤维外形、钢纤维体积率、钢纤维长径比、聚丙烯纤维体积率、水平分布钢筋配筋率、竖向分布钢筋配筋率等因素对深梁剪切延性的影响。结果表明,钢纤维体积率对深梁剪切延性影响最大,超过了水平分布钢筋和竖向分布钢筋的作用,钢纤维外形的影响最小。混杂纤维的掺入显著提高了深梁的剪切延性,最大提高达40.7%,但仍达不到延性破坏的要求,不足以从破坏形态上根本改变深梁剪切破坏时的脆性。运用有限元软件ABAQUS对深梁受剪行为进行全过程分析,数值分析结果与试验结果吻合良好。