地震工程学在桥梁抗震设计中的应用研究

在我国目前的桥梁抗震设计和分析中,主要研究的是各种类型桥梁的地震反应分析方法、设计方法、抗震构造措施等,对地震工程学方面的理论研究甚少,从而导致地震学与结构抗震两者之间缺乏联系,脱离了地震谈抗震.近年来,随着基于性能的地震工程学和抗震设计理论的出现以及不断发展,地震学的重要性日益凸显,因此必须将地震学与结构抗震有机联系起来.     

浅谈抗震构造在结构设计中的重要性

本文根据唐山地震、汶川地震及玉树地震的震害分析,结合《建筑抗震设计规范》（GB50011—2010）,提出抗震设计时应注意的几点看法。希望引起设计、施工、监理及开发商等建筑界同仁对抗震构造的高度重视,把抗震构造实实在在地运用到工程建设的各个环节。     

某国外项目UBC97抗震设计地震动参数应用探讨

通过对某国外项目业主根据UBC97规范提供的地震资料设计参数,结合我国抗震规范编制准则．将UBC97规范的抗震设计参数转化为GB50011规范参数计算,对不同周期阶段的水平地震影响系数分别按UBC97及GB50011计算比较,得出可采用GB50011体系进行抗震设计,且安全度不低于按国外标准设计体系要求的抗震设计参数。     

地震灾害与地震区建筑用钢探讨

为进一步研制建筑用钢筋的抗震性能,根据"建筑抗震设计规范"对钢材的规定,提出了地震区建筑用钢的研制开发技术要求。为提高建筑物的安全性,在建筑设计时必须按抗震设防要求进行设计。钢材的选用,必须满足结构件塑性铰区实现转动,以耗散地震时能量,提高建筑物安全系数,减少地震损失。     

尾矿坝抗震设计研究进展

国内外震害表明,尾矿坝浸润线较高时,大部分坝体处于饱和状态,地震作用下易发生液化破坏。因此,研究实用的尾矿坝简化抗震设计方法是非常有意义的工作。围绕尾矿坝地震液化评价和稳定分析简化方法两方面内容,较全面地概述了国内外尾矿坝抗震设计的研究成果和最新进展,并对尾矿坝抗震设计存在的问题进行了探讨,为尾矿坝抗震设计的发展指明方向。     

建筑用抗震钢研究概述

近年来全国各地高层建筑迅猛发展,同时我国处于地震多发区,这对建筑用抗震钢的抗震性能提出了越来越高的要求。为此本文重点介绍了国内外建筑用抗震钢的研究现状,探讨了建筑用抗震钢的性能要求,在此基础上简要阐述了建筑用抗震钢的成分设计原则和显微组织。     

Q345BH型钢高应变低周疲劳性能研究

根据建筑用钢在地震时的受力状态,阐述了钢材的高应变低周疲劳性能在抗震设计中的重要性,讨论了静载荷强度、塑性与低周疲劳性能间的关系,并对材料在高应变和地震载荷谱下的疲劳性能进行了研究,试验结果表明莱钢生产的Q345BH型钢在地震谱载荷下具有较好的抗震性能。     

底层框架砖房抗震设计

本文对底层框架砖房的抗震设计基本要求、地震作用分析、抗震验算及其构造措施等进行了较详细的阐述.     

高层建筑抗震设计要点探讨

随着城市建设的飞速发展,高层建筑物如雨后春笋般出现在城市中心。近年来,由于地震频发,所以高层建筑的抗震性能越来越引起了人们的注意。本文将对高层建筑抗震设计原则进行简单的介绍,提出了高层建筑抗震设计中的要点。     

宝钢研制成功抗震阻尼器用钢和汽轮发电机弹簧板

宝钢厚板新品研发显现出强劲实力。最近，抗震阻尼器用钢和汽轮发电机弹簧板相继研制成功，双双填补了国内空白。 抗震阻尼器用钢是一种抗地震性能较强的建筑结构用钢板，具有极好的屈服强度、伸长率以及冲击韧性。采用该产品加工的构件，可有效吸收地震波能，保持建筑结构在地震中的安全稳定。国外高地震带国家率先研制出抗震阻尼器用钢，并对中国建筑结构市场实行产品、价格垄断。     

钢框架刚性连接的抗震性能分析

通常认为钢框架具有良好的抗震性能,但在最近的几次大地震中许多高层钢结构房屋的梁柱刚性连接节点受到严重破坏.这说明传统的刚性连接框架在某些方面存在不足之处.文章对刚性连接框架的形式以及抗震性能进行了深入的分析和总结,并在设计、构造、及施工三方面对提高刚性连接框架的抗震性能提出一些意见和建议.     

“Smart” Base Isolation Strategies Employing Magnetorheological Dampers

One of the most successful means of protecting structures against severe seismic events is base isolation. However, optimal design of base isolation systems depends on the magnitude of the design level earthquake that is considered. The features of an isolation system designed for an El Centro-type earthquake typically will not be optimal for a Northridge-type earthquake and vice versa. To be effective during a wide range of seismic events, an isolation system must be adaptable. To demonstrate the efficacy of recently proposed “smart” base isolation paradigms, this paper presents the results of an experimental study of a particular adaptable, or smart, base isolation system that employs magnetorheological (MR) dampers. The experimental structure, constructed and tested at the Structural Dynamics and Control/Earthquake Engineering Laboratory at the Univ. of Notre Dame, is a base-isolated two-degree-of-freedom building model subjected to simulated ground motion. A sponge-type MR damper is installed between the base and the ground to provide controllable damping for the system. The effectiveness of the proposed smart base isolation system is demonstrated for both far-field and near-field earthquake excitations.     

砖混结构墙体二次开洞对抗震性能的影响

本文研究了砖混结构墙体中二次开洞现象,说明它可以改变墙体的侧向刚度和破坏结构的整体性,尤其是发迹了地震剪力在各受剪力的墙体中的分配,由此直接影响了原设计结果。     

Parametric Studies on the Behavior of Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls under Earthquake Loading

The finite element procedures are extremely useful in gaining insights into the behavior of reinforced soil retaining walls. In this study, a validated finite element procedure was used for conducting a series of parametric studies on the behavior of reinforced soil walls under construction and subject to earthquake loading. The procedure utilized a nonlinear numerical algorithms that incorporated a generalized plasticity soil model and a bounding surface geosynthetic model. The reinforcement layouts, soil properties under monotonic and cyclic loadings, block interaction properties, and earthquake motions were among major variables of investigation. The performance of the wall was presented for the facing deformation and crest surface settlement, lateral earth pressure, tensile force in the reinforcement layers, and acceleration amplification. The effects of soil properties, earthquake motions, and reinforcement layouts are issues of major design concern under earthquake loading. The deformation, reinforcement force, and earth pressure increased drastically under earthquake loading compared to end of construction.     

Assessment of Performance of Seismic Isolation System of Bolu Viaduct

The Bolu viaduct is a 2.3-km-long seismically isolated structure that was nearly complete when it was struck by the 1999 Duzce earthquake in Turkey. It suffered complete failure of the seismic isolation system and narrowly avoided total collapse due to excessive superstructure movement. This paper presents an evaluation of the design of the viaduct’s seismic isolation system and an assessment of its performance in the Duzce earthquake. Evaluation of the seismic isolation system’s design has revealed that it did not meet the requirements of the AASHTO Guide Specifications for Seismic Isolation Design. Analysis of the viaduct with motions scaled in accordance with the AASHTO Guide Specifications resulted in a displacement demand of 820 mm, which is far more than the 210 mm displacement capacity of the existing isolation system. Analysis of the viaduct for a simulated near-fault motion with characteristics consistent with the site conditions resulted in an isolation system displacement demand of 1,400 mm. This indicates that, even if the isolation system had been designed in compliance with the AASHTO, it would have still suffered damage in the earthquake.     

Evaluation of the Design, Planning, Construction Phases, and Structural Content of Permanent Residential Dwellings Built after the 1999 Eastern Marmara Earthquakes in Turkey

The aim of this study is to survey and evaluate permanent housing structures built after the Marmara earthquakes based on the principles of earthquake resistant design of reinforced concrete structures. The seismicity of Turkey requires immediate attention as there is a high probability of another major earthquake event in the next 30?years in Istanbul. The classification of structural systems, the damage patterns and behaviors of structural systems, and structural and nonstructural components under lateral earthquake loads, are analyzed. Based on this analysis, reliable structures can be built without overextending the Turkish economy, and loss of life and structural damage can be reduced by designing structures with greater earthquake energy dissipation capacity. The selection of project areas and the strength of the structural system are thoroughly analyzed taking postearthquake public psychology into account. Structural characteristics of permanent housing built subsequent to the Marmara earthquakes are critiqued and documented with a case study.     

Seismic Effect on Highway Bridges in Chi Chi Earthquake

This paper reports the bridge damage in the Chi Chi earthquake. Damage to bridge structures may occur in the superstructure, the substructure, or the approaches. Typical types of damage are discussed and illustrated in this paper. A review of the design specifications in Taiwan is also presented to give the background on the seismic design of highway bridges in Taiwan.     

Preparing nurses for the inevitable: the New Madrid earthquake

Although this article discusses earthquake preparedness for the New Madrid seismic zone, registered nurses in any location will be on the front line as patient caregivers and managers in the event of a damaging earthquake. Two self-instructional modules were developed to educate registered nurses about earthquake preparedness. Statistical analyses of pretest and posttest scores from nurses who completed the modules and from nurses who participated in a control group reveal that the modules are effective educational tools. This information will make them more effective as nurses during and after an earthquake and emphasizes the need for their involvement in disaster mitigation and planning.     

安庆铜矿高阶段大直径深孔爆破地震效应的浅析

针对安庆铜矿不同的爆破方式地震效应的测试、分析和研究 ,了解其爆破地震波的传播规律 ,确定爆破设计最大单响药量 ,减少爆破地震波对井下和地表的危害。